Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to V I Kuznetsov.
Presents data on chemiluminescence of blood plasma, red cells, membranes, hemolysate in normal subjects, initiated by hydrogen peroxide, bivalent iron, UV irradiation. Emphasizes differences in chemiluminescence kinetics of various blood components after exposure to different initiators of luminescence.
A formula of a solid differentiating diagnostic media for the isolation of Yersinia genus bacteria is suggested. The medium does not include components hard to get and is simple to prepare. No additional sterilization is necessary after the preparation, after the medium is poured into Petri dishes, it is dried in the air. The medium inhibits the growth of cocci and gram-negative contaminant microflora. Yersinia bacteria may be easily differentiated by the color and typical morphology of the colonies. Dishes with primary inoculation may be examined with a magnifying glass in 48 and 72 hrs incubation. The medium is highly sensitive. The results of its trials in examinations of washings off the environmental objects recommend it for practical studies.
The authors analyze the results of bacteriologic studies carried out in patients with intestinal infections at the laboratory of the Sanitary Epidemiologic Center of the town of Irkutsk over 1984-1988. The records of 24,490 case histories show infections induced by opportunistic microflora in 37 percent of cases. The most frequent etiologic agents were Staphylococcus aureus and Enterobacteriaceae, genera: Proteus, Enterobacter, Citrobacter, Klebsiella, Hafnia. Analysis of the incidence of acute intestinal infections induced by opportunistic bacteria in various age groups evidence that mostly infants aged under 1 suffer from them. In older children S. aureus is no longer etiologically significant and it is replaced by Enterobacter and Klebsiella. The authors find it interesting to compare the etiological patterns of enteritis induced by opportunistic microorganisms in various regions of our country.
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Experiments with isolated rat hearts demonstrated that in the course of adaptation to continuous immobilized stress of moderate intensity (1, 5, and 15 days), the heart gradually (at day 15) formed the defense mechanism previously described, that is the adaptive structural stabilization phenomenon (ASSP). ASSP defends cardiac contractile function and has a powerful antiarrhythmic and cytoprotective effect in total ischemia, reperfusion, and under the action of toxic concentrations of calcium and catecholamines. The protective ASSP effect formed over 15 days of continuous stress proved to be steady-state, remaining for 15 days of adaptation cessation. Thus, during adaptation to continuous stress higher regulatory mechanisms determine the gradual development of a highly effective defense mechanism in the heart at the cellular level.
In the time course of 15-day stress of moderate intensity, rat experiments indicated that following a day there developed a complex of changes typical of acute stressor syndrome. Five days of post-stress , the stress-related cardiac syndrome ceased, bradycardia developed, the contractile function was limited, and the fibrillation threshold returned to the control values, which was shown to be associated with activation of the cholinergic stress-limiting system. Fifteen days later there was normalization of heart rate and cardiac contractility, the fibrillation threshold remained at the baseline level.
24 hrs of the overpopulation stress effect induced a set of shifts typical for an acute stress syndrome in rats. Within 5 days the organism mobilizes the cholinergic stress-limiting system functioning for 15 days, limiting and normalizing the contractile function (CF) of the heart, and eliminating the contracture damages of the myocardium on the 30th day. Starting from the 30th day of the stress effect, adrenergic features of the extracardiac regulation (ER) re pear, the CF parameters increase, cardiac resistance to isometric loads decreases insignificantly, acute alterations appear in the myocardium (the 60th day). The ER shift towards sympatheticotonia is substituted by increased vagal effects on the heart (the 120th day). The wave-like oscillations of the tonus of the vegetative nervous system and CF of the heart occur against the background of appearing and accumulating small foci of cardiosclerosis.
A higher vagal tone or its stimulation under certain conditions is known to increase the threshold of cardiac fibrillation and even to arrest developing arrhythmias. This effect is usually evaluated as a result of limiting the excessive adrenergic effect on the heart, which is observed in stress and ischemia. The following two facts have been first identified: 1) adaptation to moderate continuous stress may induce tonic excitation of parasympathetic regulation of the heart and enhance its resistance to ischemic and reperfusion arrhythmias; 2) this antiarrhythmic effect is completely reproducible by the recently synthesized acetylcholine analogue EDIHYP, ethyl-3/2-ethyl-2,2-dimethylhydrazinium/propionate iodate.
It was established in experiments on rats exposed to 5 day stress that 1 day stress resulted in a twofold decreased heart fibrillation threshold (HFT) and 5 day stress resulted in bradycardia and in the restoration of HFT to the control level. The restoration of the heart electric stability was due to an increased vagal tone because atropine eliminated the bradycardia and reduced HFT again. Adaptation to continuous 5 day stress increased 3-7-fold the heart resistance to ischemic and reperfusion arrhythmias. This protective effect was completely abolished with atropine. Thus adaptation to continuous mild stress has a potent antiarrhythmic effect which occurs due to the increased vagal tone.
The causes of recurrences after operation for inguinal hernia are discussed, on basis of which the principles and techniques of inguinal herniotomy are substantiated. The article shows the results of operations in 1,734 patients with various types of inguinal hernia, 6.99% had a recurrence (4.6% of patients with simple oblique and 18.75 with complicated hernias). Hernioplasty by an external graft of the external oblique muscle of the abdomen, the techniques proposed by the author, produced the best results with recurrences encountered in an average of 2.29% of cases.
Under analysis were results of 22 pancreatoduodenal resections when the Wirsung duct was drained outside. Giving up the previously used pancreaticojejunal+ anastomosis improved the immediate outcomes of the operative treatment although 5 patients died during the nearest period (within 12 days): three of them died of pancreonecrosis. Twelve patients were followed up, 7 of them died, 3 of the rest 5 patients had satisfactory results, 2 patients had good results.
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Under analysis were the course of acute pelviorectal paraproctitis in 39 patients, diagnostic errors and complications and resulting problems in cases of late medical consultation and tardy operative intervention. The correct diagnosis was made but in 19 patients in operation for purulent leaks. In 20 patients the disease was not diagnosed and treatment was limited by opening the purulent abscesses.
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Explore the source record for details and available documents.