Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to V K Ostrovskiĭ.
Protein metabolism was studied in 145 patients with acute abscesses and gangrene of the lungs. Hypoproteinemia was revealed in 13 patients who subsequently died from aggravation of the process. Hypergammaglobulinemia was caused by a high content of immunoglobulins and high indices of humoral immunity. The indices of protein metabolism normalized more rapidly in positive outcome of the disease.
Analysis of the features of calculous cholecystitis in 522 females and 106 males showed that acute cholecystitis takes a course which is more severe and acute in males than in females. Its gangrenous forms were encountered more often in males, which was an indication for more frequent emergency operations. In males the process was complicated by obstructive jaundice more frequently. In females acute cholecystitis was attended more frequently by peritonitis and was often combined with pancreatitis. Chronic cholecystitis also had some distinguishing features. Chronic indurative pancreatitis and hydrops of the gallbladder were encountered more often in females. The mortality in the abnormality was higher among males.
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Processes of destruction and regeneration were studied in 2 groups of patients by clinico-rentgenological data, amount of leukocytes, lymphocytes and neutrophils, leukocyte index of intoxication and C-reactive protein. It was shown that in more critical patients processes of destruction predominated over regeneration processes. Of main significance for the estimation of these processes is thought to be the quantity of neutrophils and lymphocytes. Drainage of purulent cavities aimed at the excision of pyo-necrotic tissues, makes the inflow of neutrophils less which improves regenerative processes.
The main causes of the development of chronic abscesses of the lungs in 41 patient were the presence of the pulmonary tissue sequesters, interlobar location of a process, large (5 cm and more) diameter of the cavities. The infiltrative form of an abscess was distinguished. The process should be considered as chronic in ineffectiveness of all the types of treatment. With the use of the conservative methods, 14 patients were cured.
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An investigation of pathogenesis of abscesses and gangrenes of the lungs in 306 patients has shown that their main pathogenetic forms are bronchogenous, pneumonic and hematogenic forms. Hematogenic abscesses can be divided into metastic and embolic according to peculiarities of their pathogenesis. The course of acute purulent diseases of the lungs has 5 clinico-pathogenetic stages.
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Easy means of "minor surgery" and bronchological methods of sanitation were used in 234 patients with acute purulent diseases with the aim of drainage and sanitation of purulent cavities and for bringing antibiotics to the pathological focus in addition to detoxification, stimulating and antibacterial therapy. It reduced lethality among these patients and restricted indications to radical operations.
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