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Biomedical subjects

V Kasantikul

Publications and source records attributed to V Kasantikul.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Positivity to glial fibrillary acidic protein in bone, cartilage, and chordoma.

Twenty vertebral bones, 11 costal, 11 epiglottic, six tracheal, and five bronchial cartilages and seven chordomas were evaluated by the application of peroxidase-antiperoxidase (PAP) indirect immunohistochemical method for localization of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). Positive immunostaining for GFAP was observed in osteocytes of normal bone (13/20), chondrocytes of normal epiglottis (5/11), costal cartilage (3/11), trachea (2/6), and bronchus (4/5). Four of seven chordomas had neoplastic cells that exhibited cytoplasmic positivity to GFAP. These findings suggested that osteocytes, chondrocytes, and chordoma cells have cytoskeletal intermediate filaments that are antigenically identical to or similar to or associated with GFAP.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Intraspinal melanotic arachnoid cyst and lipoma in neurocutaneous melanosis.

A 22-year-old woman with neurocutaneous melanosis is reported in whom an intraspinal melanotic congenital arachnoid cyst and melanotic lipoma occurred at the same thoracic location. Such combined occurrence of lesions of the central nervous system, producing compression of the spinal cord, has not been noted in any previously reported case of neurocutaneous melanosis. The pathogenesis of these two unusual melanotic lesions is discussed in relation to the ectomesenchymal properties of the neural crest. The concurrent melanotic arachnoid cyst and lipoma, in juxtaposition, were demonstrated by a computed tomography scan in which the preoperative diagnosis of lipoma was possible through the density of the lesion.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

A study of 39 retinoblastomas with particular reference to morphology, cellular differentiation and tumour origin.

A series of 39 retinoblastomas was studied using light microscopy and immunohistochemistry for localization of neurone-specific enolase and glial fibrillary acidic protein. Thirty-eight retinoblastomas (97.4%) occurred in children less than 6 years of age: one was in a 61-year-old man (2.6%); the mean age, excluding the 61-year-old, was 32.1 months. Unilateral tumours were found in 74.4% of patients and bilateral tumours in 25.6%; bilateral lesions occurred in a younger age group, mean age of 21.7 vs 35.9 months. The male to female ratio was 1.4:1. Morphologically, arrangement of tumour cells into trabeculae was noted in 69.2% of retinoblastomas and glomerulus-like structures in 43.6%. These two patterns of cellular arrangement were encountered where the choroid and sclera were invaded by neoplastic cells. Homer Wright rosettes were observed in all tumours. Flexner-Winstersteiner rosettes in 33.3% and fleurettes in 2.6%. Differentiation into neoplastic neurones as well as in the form of Flexner-Winstersteiner rosettes and fleurettes was noted in 46.1%, neoplastic ependymal cells in 100.0%, astrocytes in 58.9%, oligodendrocytes in 23.1%, and glioblastomas in 2.6%. These data suggest that retinoblastoma is a primitive stem cell neuroectodermal tumour with the capacity for differentiation in both neuronal and neuroglial directions.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Symptomatic intraspinal genuine endodermal epithelial cyst.

An intraspinal cervicodorsal endodermal epithelial cyst occurred in a 20-year-old man who experienced sudden paraparesis at the age of 6 years and subsequently developed progressive sensory disturbances. The patient underwent repeated surgical explorations indicating that the lesion may be difficult to identify. The cyst wall consisted of the outer smooth muscle and connective tissue and the inner epithelium that produced mucin and mucopolysaccharide. The intimate association between the epithelium and smooth muscle makes the cyst wall strikingly like the wall of the digestive tract or the respiratory passage and supports the endodermal origin of the cyst which must be distinguished from the neuroepithelial cyst. The pathogenesis of the endodermal epithelial cyst is suggested to be related to congenital maldevelopment of the notochord and the primitive gut.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Isoniazid-rifampicin-induced submassive hepatic necrosis.

A 58-year-old woman with tuberculosis received antituberculous drugs which included isoniazid, rifampicin, and ethambutol. Nausea and anorexia were initial symptoms while jaundice and abdominal pain were late manifestations. She became comatose and died 7 weeks after therapy. Autopsy revealed submassive necrosis of the liver and active advanced pulmonary tuberculosis. It is, thus, necessary for the physician to be alert for this serious complication in prescribing a combination of these antituberculous drugs.

Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury↗
PubMed1989

Death following intentional overdose of psychotropic drugs.

A case of successful suicide from overdose of amitriptyline, perphenazine, and midazolam is described. Postmortem findings were inadequate to explain the death. Sudden cardiac arrest suggested that the death from overdose probably resulted from drug cardiotoxicity. The physicians should be aware of this serious complication when prescribing a combination of these potential lethal drugs. A limited supply should be given to depressed patients.

Amitriptyline↗
PubMed1989

Phagocytosis by neoplastic astrocytes.

Cytoplasmic accumulation of granules of hemosiderin was observed in neoplastic astrocytes related to gliomas in two patients. The first patient was a 61-year-old man who had mixed oligodendroglioma and astrocytoma of the right frontal lobe of the brain. The second patient was a 17-year-old girl who had hypothalamic astrocytoma. Granules of hemosiderin had accumulated within the cytoplasm of astrocytes in both cases. In case 2, there was also an accumulation of hemosiderin in other phagocytes. The astrocytic nature of the hemosiderin-laden cells was confirmed by immunohistochemical localization of glial fibrillary acidic protein within the cytoplasm. The term "phagocytosis" was employed because of accumulation within astrocytic perikaryon of particulate material. Review of the literature discloses that various neuroepithelial derivatives such as choroidal epithelial cells, astrocytes, neurons, and ependymal cells can perform phagocytic function as revealed by accumulation of granules of hemosiderin within their cytoplasm but this finding has seldom been described.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Subacute combined degeneration of the spinal cord in acute monoblastic leukemia.

A 54-year-old man who had acute monoblastic leukemia and manifestations of subacute combined degeneration (SCD) of the spinal cord is described clinically and pathologically. Infiltration of the wall of the stomach by leukemic cells may produce impairment in gastric absorption of vitamin B12 and leukemia itself may cause deficiency of folic acid. Decreased level of vitamin B12 or folic acid or both may have evoked symptoms of SCD of the spinal cord in this patient.

Demyelinating Diseases↗
PubMed1988

Primary chromoblastomycosis of the medulla oblongata: complication of heroin addiction.

A 20-year-old male heroin addict had a sudden onset of progressive medullary dysfunction and died within 12 days. Postmortem examination disclosed mycotic granulomas due to primary chromoblastomycosis strictly limited to the medulla oblongata and adjacent leptomeninges. Similar lesions were absent outside the central nervous system. Such pathologic lesions related to narcotic addiction have not been reported previously.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Symptomatic neuroepithelial cysts in the posterior cranial fossa. Immunohistochemical and electron-microscopic studies.

A 2-year-old boy had increased intracranial pressure and convulsions because of two extraventricular cysts in the posterior cranial fossa. Releasing the watery cyst contents resulted in disappearance of such clinical manifestations. Immunohistochemically, the epithelial cytoplasm of the cyst was strongly positive for glial fibrillary acidic protein. Electron-microscopically, the cells that lined the cysts had microvilli which were coated with finely granular material to represent "fuzzy" coat, intercellular junctions linking the plasma membranes of adjacent cells, and numerous cytoplasmic glial filaments. The strong positivity for glial fibrillary acidic protein, then, is well correlated with an abundance of the latter. Cilia were also identified. Thus, the cysts were unequivocally neuroepithelial (ependymal) cysts. Only nine cases of neuroepithelial cysts in the posterior cranial fossa, including the current one, have been reported. Three patients were children; six were adults. The age of the patients ranged from 7 months to 60 years. The average age was 21.7 years The sex was known in eight patients with a male to female ratio of 3:5. The pathogenesis of these neuroepithelial cysts was proposed as related to developmental anomalies.

Brain Diseases↗