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Biomedical subjects

V M Dilman

Publications and source records attributed to V M Dilman.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1993

Hyperinsulinemia as a factor modifying sensitivity of endometrial carcinoma to hormonal influences.

In 22 patients with endometrial carcinoma, Stage I-III (mean age 57.8 years) with obesity, initial and reactive hyperinsulinemia (during glucose load) was revealed. Significant correlations between values of "peak" and field-square of the insulin secretion curve and cytoplasmatic receptors to Estradiol and Progesterone in the tumor were found. In a group of the patients with high values of reactive hyperinsulinemia significantly larger amounts of steroid hormone receptors in the tumor were determined as compared to the group of the patients who had low insulinemia values. On considering these data a possible conclusion was reached as to the modifying influence of hyperinsulinemia on sensitivity of endometrial carcinoma to hormone receptor synthesis in the tumor by insulin.

Endometrial Neoplasms↗
PubMed1989

Peculiarities of hormonal regulation of adenylate cyclase and lipid composition in colonic and rectal tumors.

Peculiarities in hormonal regulation of adenylate cyclase (AC) were studied in large bowel tumors to establish criteria of their hormonal dependence. The investigation showed a diminished basal activity of AC matched by decreased response to sodium fluoride, glucagon, and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) in tumors as compared with normal intestinal mucosa. Some cases revealed an increased response of AC to a nonspecific ("inappropriate") stimulator--calcitonin. This was rather typical of colonic tumors while a diminished response to specific ("appropriate") stimulation by VIP and glucagon was more frequent in rectal cancer. The results showed a relationship between hormonal regulation of AC activity and lipid composition of tumor tissue, thus suggesting the possibility of influencing the hormone dependence of intestinal tumors by drugs used to eliminate disturbance of fat-carbohydrate metabolism.

Adenylyl Cyclases↗
PubMed1988

Preliminary evidence on metabolic rehabilitation of cancer patients.

Pathways of metabolic rehabilitation of cancer patients are discussed. The effectiveness of a long-term carbohydrate, fat and cholesterol restricted diet and hypolipidemic and antidiabetic medication for breast, gastric and colorectal cancers was demonstrated for the first time. The results of gastro-intestinal cancer treatment were especially encouraging. Metabolic rehabilitation chiefly resulted in a lower frequency of metastatic spread. Also, its effect was seen in a rarer primary multiple tumor development. The results make a case for further development of investigations in normalizing fat-carbohydrate metabolism as adjuvant therapy for cancer in postoperative period.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Ontogenetic model of ageing and disease formation and mechanisms of natural selection.

It is known that increased mortality due to environmental hazards results, in the course of natural selection, in the shortening of maximum life span and acceleration of sexual maturation in a population subjected to an intensified pressure from external environment. As a consequence, the prereproductive period/maximum life span ratio appears to be approximately the same in each species. Mechanisms responsible for this are not clear yet. Since maximum life span is limited by both ageing and formation of certain diseases (in humans, the so-called main noninfectious diseases), the paper discusses four possible models of development of ageing and age-linked disease--ecological, genetic, degenerative (metabolic) and ontogenetic. It was found that it is the ontogenetic model only that can adequately account for the development of moderate shifts in the duration of both sexual maturation and maximum life span. It also provides the rationale for the pleotropic activity of genes during the development of the organism, its ageing and formation of age-connected diseases.

Aging↗
PubMed1984

Three models of medicine. (An integrated theory of aging and age-associated diseases).

The hypothesis considers that the same major (non-infectious) human diseases can develop according to three (or four) different models of disease formation - ecological, genetic, ontogenetic or accumulative (degenerative). The existence of these models is determined not only by the overlapping stochastic and programmed factors of aging but also by a possible role of stochastic factors in the formation of programmed processes. This role determines the rate of realization of the body development program, and, thus, the rate of aging and formation of age-associated pathology. The identification of the four models of diseases formation and, in particular, the ontogenetic model, provide additional means of forestalling aging and age-associated diseases.

Aging↗
PubMed1982

Metabolic immunodepression and metabolic immunotherapy: an attempt of improvement in immunologic response in breast cancer patients by correction of metabolic disturbances.

The effects of administration of phenformin and clofibrate to 32 breast cancer patients who underwent radical mastectomy and suffered from hormonal metabolic disturbances involving a decline in immunologic response were investigated. It was demonstrated that treatment with these drugs during 2--7 months results in an improvement in metabolic parameters and delayed hypersensitivity reaction to DNCB, tuberculin and candidin (75.5% of cases), an increase in T lymphocyte count (56.3%) and an improvement of the reaction of lymphocyte blast transformation (66.6%). The improvement in the immunologic status of the patients persisted for 6--8 weeks after the stoppage of phenformin administration; a gradual decline in immunologic response and return to the original level were recorded 4--6 months after stoppage and phenformin therapy. The effect of clofibrate on metabolic and immunologic parameters did not manifest itself as soon as 6--8 weeks after stoppage. Elimination of metabolic immunodepression, which gradually develops in the course of normal ageing and tumor process, should be the main objective of metabolic immunotherapy. To this end, therapeutic means, other than phenformin and clofibrate, may be used provided they exert the same effects on carbohydrate-fat metabolism. The desirability of study of the effects of a long-term course of drugs of this kind on the therapy of cancer patients is discussed.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1982

Effects of misclerone (clofibrate) on dimethylhydrazine-induced intestinal carcinogenesis in rats.

Intestinal tumors were induced by treatment with dimethylhydrazine (DMH) (14 mg with reference to base/kg body weight, weekly, s.c., for 20 weeks) in male rats supplied by Rappolovo Animal Farm. Some of the animals received 25 mg/day of misclerone (clofibrate) per os, 5 times a week. Clofibrate treatment did not affect the frequency of tumors of the large and small intestine but was followed by a significant decrease in the number of large- and medium-size tumors. The animals which had received clofibrate beginning from 10 days before the first injection of DMH revealed a relatively greater fraction of exophytic intestinal tumors and less invasion of the intestinal wall as compared with the animals treated with DMH alone. Possible mechanisms of the effect of clofibrate are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Interrelation between lipidemia and somatomedin activity in cancer and age-associated pathology.

The study included 191 patients with obesity, atherosclerosis, diabetes mellitus, endometrial cancer, breast cancer and healthy subjects of various age. Somatomedin activity was determined by incorporation of radioactive natrium sulfate in vitro into the cartilage of female rats. The results of the study showed that somatomedin activity was not changed in subjects with normal metabolic parameters and ranged from 0.47 to 0.69 U/ml. In patients with diabetes mellitus, atherosclerosis and obesity accompanied by increased blood concentration of cholesterol and triglycerides, somatomedin activity rose up to 1.36- 1.62 U/ml. In patients with breast and endometrial cancer somatomedin activity was also increased, particularly in those with hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia (3.04 U/ml for breast cancer patients and 2.20 U/ml for endometrial cancer patients). Theoretically, this may promote proliferation of somatic cells and thus contribute to tumor processes in oncological patients whose pool of cells is extremely sensitive to mitogenic agents.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Peculiarities of hyperlipidaemia in tumour patients.

The study group included 684 cases: 258 patients with breast carcinoma, 113 males with lung cancer, 42 patients with rectal tumours, 42 patients with stomach tumours, 59 patients with fibroadenomatosis, and 170 healthy subjects of varying age (male and female). A relatively high blood triglyceride level was found in patients with breast, lung, rectal (females), and stomach (female) tumours. The blood concentration of high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol in patients with breast, lung, and stomach (female) tumours was relatively low. The elimination of tumour (breast carcinoma) did not lead to significant changes in lipid metabolism. There was no correlation between degree of lipidaemia and stage of tumour progression except in the cases of rectal cancer. Preliminary results are presented on the tentative classification of hyperlipoproteinaemia in tumour patients, using the lipid concentration threshold values advocated by Carlson et al. (1977); an increased frequency of Type IV hyperlipoproteinaemia proved to be the most characteristic feature of tumour patients. The results are discussed in terms of the concept of the importance of lipid metabolic disturbances, primarily those due to ageing, in the genesis of the syndrome of "cancerophilia" (predisposition to cancer).

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Effect of treatment with phenformin, diphenylhydantoin or L-dopa on life span and tumour incidence in C3H/Sn mice.

The chronic treatment of female C3H/Sn mice with phenformin (2 mg/day) and diphenylhydantoin (2 mg/day) prolonged mean life span by 23 and 25%, respectively, and decreased spontaneous tumour incidence by 4.0 and 2.3 times, respectively. The chronic treatment of mice with L-dopa (2 mg/day) did not change these parameters and decreased the multiplicity of mammary tumours. The mechanisms of the drug action on mouse life span and tumour incidence are discussed.

Adenocarcinoma↗