PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

V Mondain

Publications and source records attributed to V Mondain.

44 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Therapeutic aspects of salmonellosis in AIDS].

For the HIV positive patient, salmonella raises numerous epidemiological and therapeutic problems. This microorganism, quite common before zidovudine therapy, seems to have diminished since this antiviral also has an antibiotic activity against salmonella. When bacterial contamination occurs, the decreased immunitary activity might play a role, but hypochloridria, frequently afflicting these patients, might also be involved. Therapeutically, antibiotics with high intramacrophagic diffusion yield excellent results and limit the incidence of recurrence. The effect of gamma interferon is well documented in vitro. However, the efficacy of these quinolones does not lead us to believe that it is the treatment of choice.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1984

[Evaluation of the use of rifampin combinations in severe staphylococcal infections. Apropos of the selection of 7 resistant mutants].

Selection of rifampicin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus has been described in vitro and in vivo when this compound is given as monotherapy or orally. That this occurrence may be prevented by combination antibiotic therapy is generally accepted. We report 25 cases of severe staphylococcal infection treated by a synergistic association of rifampicin with an aminoglycoside, vancomycin, or a macrolide. Therapy failed as a result of selection of the same rifampicin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (serotype and lysotype) in seven cases. This finding may be explained by insufficient diffusion or inactivation of the other antibiotic in the infection site.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Intracellular concentration of protease inhibitors in HIV-1-infected patients: correlation with MDR-1 gene expression and low dose of ritonavir.

BACKGROUND: Protease inhibitors (PIs) are substrates for the P-glycoprotein (P-gp/170) encoded by the multi-drug resistance gene (MDR-1). HIV infection is associated with increased expression of P-gp. The role of MDR gene overexpression in clinical pharmacokinetics is not known. METHOD: We determined by HPLC, at trough and peak levels, the current PI concentrations in plasma (P) and in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) (intracellular concentration [IC]) from 49 HIV-infected patients receiving different treatment combinations: nelfinavir ([NFV] n = 12); indinavir ([IDV] n = 10); amprenavir ([APV] n = 5); ritonavir (RTV) 100 bid/IDV 800 mg bid (n = 6); RTV 400 bid/IDV 400 mg bid (n = 3); RTV 100 bid/saquinavir (SQV) 600 mg tid (n = 9); APV 600 bid/RTV 100 mg bid (n = 4). We determined the mean ratio of intracellular/plasma PI concentration for each treatment group. The MDR-1 gene expression was determined by a semi-quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). HIV viral load was simultaneously measured. RESULTS: 49 patients (mean age 41 +/- 8.7 years; mean CD4 cell count 418 [57-972]; mean HIV RNA 2.1 +/- 0.8 log(10)) were included in the study. Patients who overexpressed the MDR-1 gene had significantly lower trough intracellular PI levels (p =.02) or lower intracellular accumulation of PI (p =.042). Patients treated with low-dose RTV in combined regimens with detectable RTV intracellular concentration showed lack of MDR-1 gene expression (p =.01). Patients with HIV RNA < 40 copies/mL had significantly higher RTV intracellular accumulation (p =.029). CONCLUSION: In HIV-infected patients, IC of PI is inversely correlated with MDR-1 gene overexpression. Undetectable viral load was associated with the use of low-dose RTV, probably linked to better intracellular accumulation of the drug. Nevertheless, further investigation is needed to confirm these results.

Adult↗