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Biomedical subjects

V Price

Publications and source records attributed to V Price.

54 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Cloning, sequence, and expression of a human granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor.

Human granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is a glycoprotein that is essential for the in vitro proliferation and differentiation of precursor cells into mature granulocytes and macrophages. In this report we have used a mouse GM-CSF cDNA clone to isolate human GM-CSF clones from libraries made from HUT-102 messenger RNA and mitogen-stimulated T-lymphocyte messenger RNA. The human cDNA clones contained a single open-reading frame encoding a protein of 144 amino acids with a predicted molecular mass of 16,293 daltons and showed 69% nucleotide homology and 54% amino acid homology to mouse GM-CSF. One of these cDNA clones was shown to direct the synthesis of biologically active GM-CSF using a yeast expression system. The gene for human GM-CSF appears to exist as a single-copy gene.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1983

Effects of brotizolam on the sleep of chronic insomniacs.

Effects of 0.5 mg brotizolam on the sleep of chronic insomniacs were assessed electroencephalographically and subjectively over 14 days. Brotizolam (0.5 mg) increased total sleep time, decreased drowsy (stage 1) sleep and increased stage 2 sleep. At this dose it also decreased slow wave and rapid eye movement sleep. On withdrawal there was evidence of insomnia in some subjects during the first night. The drug was well tolerated. Further studies are indicated with lower doses of the drug.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Effects of zopiclone on the sleep of chronic insomniacs.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the short- and intermediate-term (21 days) effectiveness, as well as the carryover and withdrawal effects of 7.5 mg of zopiclone, a new short-acting hypnotic agent. 6 patients with chronic insomnia, ranging in age from 33 to 57, participated in the study. Both EEG sleep recordings and subjective rating scales were used to evaluate the drug. Zopiclone increased the total sleep time throughout its 3-week administration period although only during the short-term period was this increase statistically above baseline. There was no carryover effect nor rebound insomnia upon drug withdrawal. The drug significantly increased the duration of stage 2 sleep, decreased stages 3 and 4 sleep, and had no effect on the duration of REM sleep. There were no reported side effects.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Feasibility of altering type A behavior pattern after myocardial infarction. Recurrent Coronary Prevention Project Study: methods, baseline results and preliminary findings.

We studied 1035 consecutive postinfarction patients to determine the feasibility of altering type A behavior and the effect such alteration might have on subsequent rates of infarction and cardiovascular death. Approximately 300 subjects were enrolled in small groups and primarily received cardiologic counseling on the usually accepted coronary risk factors. Six hundred subjects received, in addition to cardiologic counseling, advice and instructions designed to diminish the intensity of their type A behavior. The remaining subjects, serving as controls, received no counseling, but were examined and interviewed annually, as were those who dropped out of counseling groups. More than 98% of the 1035 subjects exhibited moderate-to-severe type A behavior during a videotaped structured interview. After the first year of this 5-year study, the rates of infarction and cardiovascular death were lower (p less than 0.01 and p less than 0.05, respectively) among subjects who received both cardiologic and behavioral counseling than among the control subjects. The rate of nonfatal infarction was lower (p less than 0.05) among subjects who received behavioral counseling than among those who received only cardiologic counseling or those who dropped out of either counseling group. The circumstances that most often preceded recurrent infarction or cardiovascular death were emotional crisis, excess physical activity, ingestion of a single fatty meal or a combination of these phenomena.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Effects of zopiclone on the sleep of chronic insomniacs.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the short- and intermediate-term (21 days) effectiveness, as well as the carryover and withdrawal effects of 7.5 mg of zopiclone, a new short-acting hypnotic agent. 6 patients with chronic insomnia, ranging in age from 33 to 57, participated in the study. Both EEG sleep recordings and subjective rating scales were used to evaluate the drug. Zopiclone increased the total sleep time throughout its 3-week administration period although only during the short-term period was this increase statistically above baseline. There was no carryover effect nor rebound insomnia upon drug withdrawal. The drug significantly increased the duration of stage 2 sleep, decreased stages 3 and 4 sleep, and had no effect on the duration of REM sleep. There were no reported side effects.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Pressure-potential alopecia areata.

In order to create awareness of a potential adverse effect of extraoral orthodontic appliances, we report the development of alopecia areata in two patients. Both patients experienced the onset of alopecia areata directly under sites of pressure from thier "headgear." In one patient the hair loss began 2 weeks after she began using her appliance. The other girl noticed patchy alopecia 2 to 3 weeks following an increase in the pressure and duration of use of an extraoral appliance. One of the patients also developed other areas of alopecia areata in sites unrelated to pressure. In both cases relief of the pressure was accompanied by regrowth of hair in about 5 months. One of the patients received corticosteroid injections into the patches of alopecia areata; the other had no medical therapy. We conclude that alopecia areata can be made manifest by local pressure, such as that from orthodontic appliances.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Pathophysiological changes in serum erythropoiesis stimulating activity.

The mouse fetal liver cell bioassay has been used to study serum levels of erythropoiesis stimulating activity (ESA) in patients with a variety of haematological disturbances. The results indicate that this assay system provides a quantitative measurement of ESA, the concentration of which varies predictably in a manner which is consistent with it having a function as an in vivo regulator of erythropoiesis. Dose-response curves for serum ESA show highly significant parallelism with those obtained from sheep plasma erythropoietin and the International Reference Preparation of human urinary erythropoietin.

Anemia↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A comparative 25-night sleep laboratory study on the effects of quazepam and triazolam on chronic insomniacs.

The short- and intermediate-term actions, as well as the carryover and withdrawal effects, of quazepam , a new benzodiazepine hypnotic with a half-life of 60 to 100 hours, were compared with those of triazolam, a triazolodiazepine hypnotic with a half-line of 2 to 3 hours. Both the subjective effects of these drugs as well as their objective actions on the sleep EEG were sought. The study was conducted on two groups of six subjects with chronic insomnia who ranged in age from 32 to 56 years. Each subject was studied for 25 consecutive nights. Placebo was administered at bedtime on the first four nights, followed by 30 mg quazepam or 0.5 mg triazolam on the next 14 nights and by placebo again on the ensuing seven withdrawal nights. Both drugs increased the total sleep time during their administration and improved the subjective quality of sleep. Major differences, however, were observed on withdrawal. A significant and marked decrease in the total sleep time occurred with triazolam on the first withdrawal night. With quazepam , rebound insomnia was not observed at any time during the seven-day withdrawal period.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cloning, sequence and expression of two distinct human interleukin-1 complementary DNAs.

Two distinct but distantly related complementary DNAs encoding proteins sharing human interleukin-1 (IL-1) activity (termed IL-1 alpha and IL-1 beta), were isolated from a macrophage cDNA library. The primary translation products of the genes are 271 and 269 amino acids long, although expression in Escherichia coli of the carboxy-terminal 159 and 153 amino acids produces IL-1 biological activity.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Development and application of social learning theory.

This article traces the development of social learning theory over the last 30 years, relating the developments to clinical nursing practice. Particular attention is focused on the contribution of Albert Bandura, the American psychologist, and his work on modelling.

Humans↗