Fatal sickle cell crisis after granulocyte colony-stimulating factor administration.
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Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation↗
Biomedical subjects
V V Reddy
Publications and source records attributed to V V Reddy.
Neurolymphomatosis associated with muscle and cerebral involvement caused by natural killer cell lymphoma: a case report and review of literature.
We report a biopsy-proven case of neurolymphomatosis (NL) presenting with sensory motor axonal polyneuropathy, polymyositis, and cerebral involvement. Ours is the second reported case of NL caused by natural killer-cell lymphoma defined by morphology and immunophenotyping. For 3 months, the patient developed stocking-glove distribution of hypesthesia, subacute progressive weakness and mental deterioration. EMG showed severe sensorimotor mixed axonal-demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy. Lumbar puncture revealed mildly high protein level with normal glucose and cell count. Sural nerve biopsy demonstrated lymphomatous axonal neuropathy and muscle biopsy was indicative of lymphomatous polymyositis. Brain MRI revealed multiple white matter lesions, consistent either with progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy or cerebral lymphoma. Bone marrow biopsy showed neoplastic infiltrates. The patient died of multiple organ failure prior to initiation of chemotherapy.
Bone Marrow↗
Transesophageal echocardiographic findings of an intracavitary cardiac metastasis from a neuroendocrine thymic carcinoma.
This case report presents the unusual characteristics of a neuroendocrine thymic carcinoma that probably has metastasized to the left side of the interatrial septum from a primary thymic site.
Aged↗
Topics in bone marrow biopsy pathology: role of marrow topography in myelodysplastic syndromes and evaluation of post-treatment and post-bone marrow transplant biopsies.
The role of bone marrow biopsy is expanding. Bone marrow biopsy is considered a "gold standard" for assessing cellularity and infiltrative process. More recently, biopsies are increasingly used for immunohistochemical stains and molecular studies such as in situ hybridization and laser microdissection, further augmenting morphologic interpretation. Biopsies are playing a greater role in early diagnosis of myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). Both primary and secondary MDS are increasing (5% to 12%), and can present a significant challenge in early diagnosis. Present MDS diagnostic criteria are based purely on marrow aspirate smears, peripheral blood smears, and ancillary studies, and may not be adequate in some instances. With the current understanding of marrow topography and hematopoietic microenvironment, bone marrow biopsies are greatly useful in early diagnosis and grading of MDS. Marrow biopsies also are helpful in evaluation of postchemotherapy and post-bone marrow transplant patients. Assessment of topographic alteration and certain corroborating immunohistochemical and molecular studies can only be performed on bone marrow biopsies, and these ancillary studies will contribute significantly to the understanding of hematopoietic disorders. Bone marrow biopsy, in conjunction with other modalities such as flow cytometry, will play a significant role in diagnostic hematopathology. Ann Diagn Pathol 5:110-120, 2001.
Biopsy↗
Use of the Internet in pathology resident training and education.
The Internet has revolutionized the computer and communications world. It has grown to become a worldwide mechanism for information exchange without regard for geographic boundaries. The tremendous growth in this wealth of information poses several questions regarding the utility of this powerful tool in pathology practice and education. This article reviews the advantages and disadvantages of using the Internet in pathology resident education, in general, and how it has impacted the repertoire of educational opportunities at our own institution. The various Internet resources of educational value for pathology trainees are outlined. Basic Internet concepts are also elucidated.
Computer-Assisted Instruction↗
Histologic examination of bone marrow core biopsy specimens has limited value in the diagnosis of mycobacterial and fungal infections in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.
Bone marrow cultures and biopsy specimens are commonly obtained to rule out disseminated infections, especially in persons with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and cytopenias. Using culture as the gold standard, we reviewed 130 consecutive bone marrow cores obtained from 114 AIDS patients along with results of concurrent blood and/or bone marrow aspirate cultures to determine the usefulness of histologic examination for diagnosis of mycobacterial and fungal infections. We also compared the ability of Ziehl-Neelsen, auramine-rhodamine (AR), polyclonal antibody to Mycobacterium bovis (Ab), and Gomori's methenamine silver staining to detect infections. Twenty-seven patients had mycobacterial infection (25 Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare complex cases and two Mycobacterium tuberculosis cases) detected by blood and/or bone marrow cultures. The maximum sensitivity of histology was 50% when the auramine-rhodamine stain and the polyclonal antibody to M bovis were used in combination. The single best stain was auramine-rhodamine, with a sensitivity of 44%, followed by the polyclonal antibody to M bovis (35%). Granulomas were observed in nine cases of mycobacterial infection and did not correlate with the presence of stainable organisms. Of seven patients with positive fungal cultures of bone marrow, four had granulomas and a positive Gomori's methenamine silver stain, one had only a positive stain, and two had neither granulomas nor a diagnostic stain. Overall, granulomas were not sensitive for the detection of infections when culture-proven mycobacterial and fungal cases were evaluated together. We conclude that bone marrow examination has a limited value in the routine evaluation of common opportunistic infections in AIDS patients and recommend that less-invasive tests, such as blood cultures, be obtained initially in most circumstances.
AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗
Molariform supernumerary tooth--a case report.
The occurrence of a single supernumerary tooth in the upper canine region a rare condition is reported. The crown resembles a molar tooth, thus suggesting a molariform supernumerary tooth.
Child↗
Hodgkin's and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: spectrum of morphologic and immunophenotypic overlap.
Immunoperoxidase markers are useful and often essential in distinguishing among lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin's lymphoma, T-cell-rich B-cell lymphoma, and lymphocyte-rich classic Hodgkin's lymphoma. However, it is becoming increasingly clear that these "entities" are closely related clonal B-lineage neoplasms that may intertransform and/or coexist. We hypothesized that, just as there are cases with morphologic overlap, there would also be immunophenotypic overlap that would be found when a series of such cases is studied in detail. Eight cases of lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin's lymphoma, eight cases of lymphocyte-rich classic Hodgkin's lymphoma, seven cases of T-cell-rich B-cell lymphoma, and four cases of large B-cell lymphoma with focal features of T-cell-rich B-cell lymphoma were examined by the immunoperoxidase technique for expression of CD3, CD15, CD30, CD20, CD57, epithelial membrane antigen, and Epstein-Barr virus latent membrane protein (EBV LMP). All eight of the lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin's lymphoma cases had CD20+ lymphocytic and histiocytic cells and CD57+ rosettes; however, in two cases, occasional lymphocytic and histiocytic cells were also weakly positive for CD15, CD30, and EBV LMP. Among the eight lymphocyte-rich classic Hodgkin's lymphoma cases, CD15+ Reed-Sternberg (R-S) cells were found in seven; however, in three of these cases rare rosettes of CD57+ cells surrounded the R-S or lacunar cells. In one case of large B-cell lymphoma the malignant cells resembled R-S cells and were CD20+, EBV LMP+, CD30+, CD15-, and surrounded by rosettes of CD57+ T cells. The majority of the cases exhibited the "expected" immunophenotypic patterns; however, the exceptional cases that were found serve to confirm the interrelationship among these clonal B-lineage neoplasms.
Adolescent↗
An unusual etiology of biliary hilar obstruction and the potential role of acidic fibroblast growth factor in the development of a biliary neuroma.
Neuroma of the biliary tract is a rare condition thought to be caused by trauma secondary to cholecystectomy. More rare is the occurrence that causes symptomatic biliary obstruction. A 65-year-old woman was hospitalized because of abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and general malaise of 1 to 2 months duration. Cholecystectomy had been performed 40 years before. Ultrasound revealed hepatomegaly and dilated intrahepatic ducts. CT showed intra- and extrahepatic ductal dilatation with questionable intraductal mass. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography and percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography demonstrated stricture of the hepatic duct bifurcation. The biliary bifurcation was resected, and hepaticojejunostomy was performed. The patient's postoperative course was unremarkable. Histological examination of the surgical specimen revealed positive staining for the S-100 antigen of the obstructing luminal stricture (without evidence of cholangiocarcinoma), which was consistent with a biliary neuroma. Positive staining was also found for acidic (and not basic) fibroblast growth factor (FGF) and two of its high affinity receptors (FGFR-1 and FGFR-4). This study supports the apparent association between biliary neuromas and cholecystectomy as well as the potential role of an established angiogenic and neurogenic growth factor in the formation of this tumor. Finally, this case is also unique in that it represents the longest interval between cholecystectomy and presentation of a biliary neuroma, 40 years after surgery.
Aged↗
A comparative study of retentive strengths of zinc phosphate, polycarboxylate and glass ionomer cements with stainless steel crowns--an in vitro study.
This study was conducted on 30 extracted human primary molars to assess the retentive strengths of zinc phosphate, polycarboxylate and glass ionomer cements. The teeth were embedded in resin blocks and were randomly divided into 3 groups of 10 each. The occlusal surfaces of all teeth were reduced uniformly by 1.0 to 1.5 mm. All mesial, distal undercuts were removed and sharp angles rounded. This was followed by cementing pretrimmed and precontoured stainless steel crowns on each tooth with hand pressure and storing in artificial saliva at 37 degrees C for 24 hours. Retentive strength was tested using Instron Universal Testing Machine. The load was applied starting from a zero reading and gradually increased until the cemented stainless steel crowns showed signs of movement and then the readings were recorded. It was found that retentive strengths of zinc phosphate and glass ionomer cements were statistically better (P < 0.05) when compared to the polycarboxylate cement. Negligible difference (0. 59 kg/cm2) was however observed between zinc phosphate and glass ionomer cements.
Analysis of Variance↗
Duplication and dilaceration of a crown with hypercementosis of the root following trauma: a case report.
Trauma to a primary mandibular central incisor resulted in a rare case of dilaceration and duplication of crown with hypercementosis of the root in the permanent successor. This tooth was extracted. This article highlights the consequences of trauma to a primary tooth for a developing permanent successor.
Abscess↗
Ulcerated tumor mass involving the right base of the tongue.
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Aged↗
A dermatoglyphic predictive and comparative study of Class I, Class II, div. 1, div.2 and Class III malocclusions.
A study was conducted using dermatoglyphics to predict and compare Class I, Class II, div. 1, div.2 and Class III malocclusions. A total of 96 subjects were divided into 3 malocclusion groups, i.e. Class I (control group), Class II, div.1, div.2 and Class III (experimental group) in the ages of 12-14 years. The dermatoglyphic findings revealed that the craniofacial Class II, div. 1, div.2 pattern was associated with increased frequency of arches and ulnar loops and decreased frequency of whorls, whereas in Class III, there was an increased frequency of arches and radial loops with decreased frequency of ulnar loops. In predicting Class III malocclusion, based on frequency of arches, the sensitivity values were found to be higher and more reliable than the sensitivity values of Class II, div.1 and div.2 malocclusion.
Adolescent↗
Pulmonary infiltrates following administration of paclitaxel.
The clinical spectrum of hypersensitivity reactions reported with paclitaxel has not included the occurrence of pulmonary infiltrates. This report describes three patients who developed transient pulmonary infiltrates after receiving paclitaxel. These infiltrates were noted 2 days to 2 weeks after administration of paclitaxel. The infiltrates resolved spontaneously in all the patients but one of them did receive steroid therapy. This syndrome of transient pulmonary infiltrates did not reoccur in the two patients who were rechallenged with paclitaxel. Physicians should be made aware of this unique occurrence during the course of treatment with paclitaxel.
Aged↗
Configuration of root canals in permanent mandibular first molars--an in vitro study.
The study attempts to show a number of variations in the root canal morphology of permanent mandibular first molar. The presence of variations increases the chance of failure of endodontic treatment. Knowledge about internal anatomy of the teeth is very essential for a favourable prognosis.
Dental Pulp Cavity↗
Clinical and radiological evaluation of zinc oxide-eugenol and Maisto's paste as obturating materials in infected primary teeth--nine months study.
The present study, performed in-vivo, included 30 infected primary teeth in 26 children in the age group of 3-8 years. The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy of two obturating materials, zinc oxide-eugenol and Maisto's paste, in infected primary teeth. 30 teeth were divided into two groups of 15 teeth. Teeth in Group I were obturated using zinc oxide-eugenol and those in Group II were obturated using Maisto's paste. On clinical evaluation, teeth obturated with Maisto's paste showed 100% success. Five teeth that were overfilled with Maisto's paste showed complete resorption of excess material within 3 months while the two teeth overfilled with zinc oxide-eugenol showed incomplete resorption of the excess material even after 9 months. Zinc oxide-eugenol treated cases showed only 26.7% bone regeneration while in case of Maisto's paste, it was 93%. Complete healing of the inter-radicular pathology was seen with Maisto's paste. However, the pathology was present in 40% of the zinc oxide-eugenol treated teeth even after 9 months. Maisto's paste was thus seen to be superior to zinc oxide-eugenol both in clinical as well as radiological evaluation, done over a period of 9 months in relation to bone regeneration, healing of inter-radicular pathology and resorption of excess material.
Abscess↗
Cerebral vasculitis complicating rheumatoid arthritis.
Central nervous system vasculitis is a rarely described complication of rheumatoid arthritis. We report a case of cerebral vasculitis in a 55-year-old woman with a 7-year history of seropositive, nodular rheumatoid arthritis. Striking multifocal abnormalities of the white matter on magnetic resonance imaging led to a suspicion of vasculitis despite lack of clinical evidence of extracranial vasculitis and normal findings on cerebrospinal fluid studies and cerebral angiography. After institution of treatment with glucocorticoids and azathioprine, she survived in stable condition for 14 months from the onset of symptoms. Postmortem examination of the brain revealed vasculitis and chronic ischemic changes.
Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
An in vitro comparative evaluation of the tensile bond strength at the two interfaces of the sandwich technique.
This study was conducted to compare the tensile bond strength at the two interfaces of the "sandwich technique". 48 hours after the specimens were tested, using Hounsfield tensometer. Load was gradually applied on to the specimen till the bond at the interface failed. The load at which the bond failed was recorded and analysed for statistical significance. From the present study it can be concluded that the bond between glass ionomer and dentine is better than the bond between glass ionomer and composite resin.
Acid Etching, Dental↗