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Biomedical subjects

W B Ross

Publications and source records attributed to W B Ross.

54 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Malposition of a transvenous cardiac electrode associated with amaurosis fugax.

A 55-year-old male received a transvenous ventricular pacemaker for sick sinus syndrome. After pacemaker insertion, he developed recurrent episodes of amaurosis fugax. The source of thromboemboli was the pacemaker electrode malpositioned in the left ventricle. Position of the electrode was diagnosed correctly by two-dimensional echocardiography. The malpositioned electrode was successfully removed with cessation of recurrent thromboembolic phenomenon.

Blindness↗
PubMed1982

Ventricular fibrillation complicating pacemaker insertion in acute myocardial infarction.

Temporary transvenous pacing catheters were placed in 101 patients with acute myocardial infarction (MI) for the management of bradyarrhythmias or conduction disturbances. Fourteen (14%) patients (group A) developed ventricular fibrillation (VF) at the time of pacing catheter manipulation in the right ventricle. Compared to the remaining 87 (86%) patients (group B), the patients in group A were younger (56.1 vs 65.8 yrs, P = 0.007). Thirteen (92.8%) of 14 patients in group A had inferior MI compared to 58 (66.6%) of 87 patients in group B (P = 0.04). All but one patient in group A had pacemaker insertion within 24 h of the onset of symptoms of MI compared to 55 (63%) of 87 in group B (P = 0.02). In 12 of the 14 patients in group A, following defibrillation and intravenous bolus administration of lidocaine, the pacing catheter was positioned in the right ventricle without further episodes of VF. It is concluded that 1) in patients with acute MI temporary transvenous pacemaker insertion may be complicated by VF; 2) VF is most likely to occur in younger patients with inferior MI infarction when the pacing catheter is inserted within 24 h of the onset of symptoms of infarction; and 3) administration of an intravenous bolus of lidocaine may be effective in preventing the induction of VF by catheter manipulation.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of hepatic artery chemotherapy on survival of patients with hepatic metastases from colorectal carcinoma treated with cryotherapy.

Thirty-eight patients with unresectable multiple liver metastases from colorectal carcinoma were treated with either hepatic artery chemotherapy (HAC) and cryotherapy (n = 27) or cryotherapy alone (n = 11). Follow-up survival data were summarized using Cox regression. Allowing for the effect of the pathology of the primary tumor and the preoperative carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) level, those patients who did not receive HAC after cytoreduction were three times as likely to die as those given HAC (RR 3.3, 95%; CI 1.2-9.3). The estimated median survival of patients treated with cryotherapy alone was 245 days, whereas for those given more than 3 months of HAC plus cytoreduction therapy it was 570 days. It is recommended that all patients who receive cryotherapy for multiple liver metastases from colorectal rectal carcinoma be given subsequent hepatic artery chemotherapy.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Endotoxin releases platelet-activating factor from human monocytes in vitro.

The role of platelet-activating factor (PAF) in human endotoxaemia was investigated by incubating human monocytes from 27 subjects with S. minnesota endotoxin in vitro. Monocytes synthesized 1.01 +/- 0.4 x 10(-10) M to 5.3 +/- 1.51 x 10(-9) M PAF after 60 min of incubation with endotoxin at concentrations of 1 x 10(-8) M and 4.5 x 10(-6) M respectively. The endotoxin-stimulated release of PAF was not significantly increased in monocytes cultured on a human endothelial cell monolayer. This rapid release of PAF in response to endotoxin is consistent with a role for monocyte-derived PAF as a toxic mediator of the acute systemic changes observed in patients with endotoxin-related septic shock.

Cells, Cultured↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Rejection of prospective blood donors due to systematic errors in hematocrit measurement.

Following a change from earstick to fingerstick hemoglobin estimations, donor deferrals increased from 8.8% to 13.6%. Coincident with the change to fingersticks, hematocrit measurement with miniature centrifuges was begun as the reference method to verify donor rejection by the copper sulfate test. A study of 525 donors deferred for fingerstick hematocrits showed that 46.7% were deferred inappropriately as determined by venous hematocrit measurements. The difference between fingerstick and venous hematocrits persisted even after an intensive staff inservice on technique. In further studies, no significant difference was found between venous and fingerstick hematocrits measured on the same centrifuge, but there was a significant difference between measurements on the miniature centrifuges versus a standard laboratory microhematocrit centrifuge. This small error resulted in the loss of 3.8% of presenting donors during the study period. Hematocrit measurements have now been replaced by a fingerstick cyanmethemoglobin method.

Blood Donors↗