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Biomedical subjects

W C Constable

Publications and source records attributed to W C Constable.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

Problems in management of primary bilateral germ cell testicular tumors: report of 3 cases and review of literature.

Bilateral primary germ cell tumors are uncommon but not rare in men with primary testicular tumors. In our series of 78 cases of germ cell tumors 3 (3.8 per cent) were bilateral. In the management of a second neoplasm the same general principles apply as those for the first tumor but one must be aware of the potential complications of radiotion therapy when the total dose for cure of the first and second neoplasms exceeds the tolerance dose of normal tissue and therapy must be modified accordingly. Prognosis is not necessarily poor when a second primary tumor develops and complications can be reduced to a low level with appropriate therapy. Our outline for therapy is presented.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Radiation-induced renovascular hypertension.

Radiation is known to produce changes in the small vessels and interstitium of the kidneys resulting in hypertension. Two cases of renal artery stenosis and resultant hypertension secondary to abdominal irradiation are reported and the literature is reviewed.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Results of irradiation of tumors in the region of the pineal body.

The clinical findings and results of radiation treatment in 14 patients with tumors in the region of the pineal body are presented. The neurologic signs and symptoms improved significantly in 11 patients (79 per cent). The survival rate for five years or more was 50 per cent. Radiation therapy as the primary method of treatment is discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Thermographic changes following preoperative radiotherapy in head and neck cancer.

Thermography was used to assess vascular changes during and after head and neck irradiation in an attempt to predict the optimum time for surgery for patients receiving preoperative radiotherapy. Thermography is performed every one or two weeks throughout treatment and at longer periods after treatment. Eight of the 16 patients studied has an initial decrease in temperature during the first two weeks. The maximum increase was observed during the fifth week after receiving 5,000 rads. Return to pretreatment temperature levels was a gradual process, occurring between three and six weeks after completion of radiotherapy.

Head and Neck Neoplasms↗
PubMed1975

Use of thermography to evaluate the optimum time for surgery after preoperative radiation.

At the University of Virginia Hospital, patients undergoing preoperative irradiation for carcinoma in the head and neck region are usually scheduled for surgery four to six weeks after completion of therapy. Since preoperative irradiation produces no significant difference in the operative difficulty or postoperative morbidity, it is assumed that the vascularity of the area has returned to the pre-treatemtn level. Thermography is being used to quantitatively gauge the amount of vascularity and thus, help predict the optimum time for surgery. Thermography is obtained at two-week intervals after a pre-treatment baseline and is carried out for eight weeks after completion of therapy. During therapy the vascularity as determined by thermography is noted to increase to a maximum at approximately three to four weeks or 3 to 4,000 rads. Following completion of treatment, the vascularity subsides gradually and returns to the pre-treatment level at four to six weeks after completion of therapy.

Follow-Up Studies↗
PubMed1975

The value of Gallium67 scanning in the evaluation of head and neck malignancy.

Gallium (67Ga) citrate is a scanning agent that has been shown to have a differential uptake in a variety of malignancies. Investigation of the usefulness of 67Ga scanning patients with proven squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck region is now in progress. These patients have a 67Ga total body scan as part of the pre-treatment evaluation. The accuracy of the procedure is then judged by correlation with clinical and surgical findings. The results in 25 patients show that a clearly positive uptake occurs in 60 percent in the region of the primary. Uptake in metastatic disease in lymph nodes is much less, occurring in 6 of 18 sides of the neck. In one case, where clinical examination was considered to be negative, the gallium scan was positive and subsequently proven to be correct by histological examination of the surgical specimen. The various difficulties encountered in interpreting gallium scans in the head and neck region are described. It is felt that by improved patient selection and special techniques the yield of positive cases can be improved and unsuspected extension of malignancy demonstrated.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed1975

Radiotherapeutic management of cancer of the glottis, University of Virginia, 1956-1971.

All patients with cancer of the glottis treated by radiotherapy with curative intent at the University of Virginia from 1956 through 1971 have been reviewed. Follow-up is complete through December, 1973. Results are presented by both stage and treatment policy and indicate that with our present methods of management a high degree of local control is achieved. The complications of treatment are examined, particularly those arising as a result of combined radiotherapy and surgery. A small number of cases have been salvaged following local recurrence and these are described in detail. Particularly striking has been the effectiveness of radiotherapy in the treatment of advanced (Stage III and IV) lesions. In this group 58 percent of the patients survive with their larynges intact. Considering the poor general condition and advanced nature of the lesions in these cases this result is important and may indicate the nature of future trends in treatment, namely radiotherapy, with surgery held in abeyance until there is overt recurrence.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed1975

Survival of mice with metastatic osteosarcoma treated by cyclophosphamide or radiotherapy.

Dunn osteosarcoma cells injected i.v. into tumor-free isogeneic C3H/He mice resulted in artificial pulmonary metastases, which were treated by cyclophosphamide (100 mg/kg/day i.p. for 3 days) or single thoracic X-ray doses of 1500 rads either 1 or 14 days after tumor cell injection. Compared to untreated controls, reduction in lung colony number and increase in life-span for the 1-day metastases were 56 and 46% for radiated mice, and 100 and greater than 367% for cyclophosphamide-treated mice. Corresponding values for 14-day metastases were 42, 26, 85, and 98%, respectively. Nine of 44 mice bearing 1-day metastases treated by cyclophosphamide are surviving greater than 340 days after treatment. Both treatments resulted in the extension of life-span and reduction of the number of lung colonies, and, in both modalities, there was a reduced antitumor effectiveness when treatment was withheld until the disease was more advanced.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

The value of tantalum powder as a contrast medium in laryngography.

Dionosil and powdered tantalum laryngograms are compared in 18 patients with known laryngeal cancer. Dionosil more reliably defined the epiglottis, valleculae, and pyriform fossae. The glottic and subglottic regions were more clearly visualized with the use of tantalum. Both agents were equally effective in the evaluation of the supraglottis.

Aged↗
PubMed1975

Intermediate dose pre-operative radiotherapy for cancer of the larynx. - End results.

A retrospective study has been made of the role of intermediate (4500-5000 rads in five weeks) pre-operative radiotherapy in the treatment of advanced carcinoma of the larynx. The results of treatment in 72 cases treated at the University of Virginia have been analyzed with particular attention to local recurrences and complications. The local recurrence rate is comparable to that achieved with higher doses of pre-operative irradiation and the complication rate and the pre-operative level of radiation dose employed. Deaths from causes other than local recurrence indicate that a considerable number of patients die from a second primary or distant metastases even though the local disease has been controlled.

Age Factors↗