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W F Sample

Publications and source records attributed to W F Sample.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Gray scale ultrasound of the scrotum.

Clinical differentiation of the various pathological conditions which affect the scrotal contents can be difficult. The value of gray scale ultrasonography was assessed prospectively in 55 patients (110 testes) with specific clinical presentations and was compared to the reported results of other noninvasive imaging procedures. The homogeneous texture of the testes and the coarser pattern of the epididymal region were normally more clearly separable with gray scale signal processing. In this series, a clear differentiation of the origin of an abnormality was possible in 80% of the cases. A negative sonogram was highly reliable. However, the benefits of scrotal ultrasonography can only be evaluated after consideration of the clinical setting and alternative noninvasive diagnostic modalities.

Epididymitis↗
PubMed1978

Adrenal ultrasonography.

The adrenal gland was evaluated prospectively in 59 patients using gray-scale ultrasound. 95% accuracy was achieved. Recent modifications of this technique which affect the approach to the right adrenal gland are described, and the limitations of the technique as well as the role of ultrasonography in relation to other noninvasive imaging modalities are discussed.

Adrenal Gland Diseases↗
PubMed1978

Parathyroid ultrasonography.

Gray-scale ultrasound was used to evaluate patients with primary hyperparathyroidism. Twenty-one of the 25 parathyroid glands shown pathologically and anatomically to be greater than 5 mm in diameter were identified and varied between 6 and 15 mm. Although the nosological sensitivity was poor, the false-positive rate was low. Important anatomical limitations and pitfalls are described. The role of ultrasonography is compared to that of other noninvasive diagnostic modalities and related to specific clinical situations and surgical approaches.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1978

Computed tomography and gray scale ultrasonography of the adrenal gland: a comparative study.

A prospective analysis of computed tomography and gray scale ultrasonography of the adrenal gland in 34 patients is presented. The diagnostic probabilities were similar for both modalities. Pitfalls common to both procedures and specific to one technique are demonstrated. The relative role of computed tomography and gray scale ultrasonography in evaluation of adrenal abnormalities is discussed in light of specific pathologies and other noninvasive imaging procedures.

Adrenal Gland Diseases↗
PubMed1978

Gray-scale ultrasonography of the jaundiced patient.

In 143 jaundiced patients, ultrasound demonstrated the extrahepatic biliary system in 38% of those with medical and 74% of those with surgical jaundice. The size of the extrahepatic biliary system indicated that surgical was best differentiated from medical jaundice when 5 mm served as the upper normal limit for the common hepatic or common bile duct in patients without prior biliary surgery. Half of those patients with prior biliary bypass surgery had nondiagnostic sonograms. In 22% of the jaundiced patients, no additional imaging procedures were performed before definitive therapy. The role of ultrasound in evaluating jaundiced patients is discussed.

Bile Ducts↗
PubMed1978

Computed tomography diagnosis of renal angiomyolipoma.

Angiomyolipomas with a high fat content can be diagnosed by CT, thus eliminating the need for angiography. Surgery can then be tailored for maximal renal tissue preservation. One unilateral and two bilateral surgically confirmed cases of renal angiomyolipoma are presented with a typical fourth case in which surgery was cancelled based on the pathognomonic CT findings.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Computer tomography of the anterior mediastinum in patients with myasthenia gravis and suspected thymoma.

Six patients with myasthenia gravis and suspected thymoma underwent radiologic investigation using plain chest radiography, conventional anterior mediastinal tomography, and computed tomography. All underwent exploratory thoractomy within 1 month of the radiologic workup. In three of the five cases that proved to be thymoma, CT yielded significant diagnostic information that bore directly on the management and/or prognosis of the patient. We therefore believe that CT may be a valuable adjunct in the radiologic investigation of the patient with myasthenia gravis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

The determination of lymph shed by colloidal gold scanning in patients with malignant melanoma: a preliminary study.

Colloidal gold radionucleotide 198Au scanning can demonstrate the direction of regional lymphatic drainage in patients with primary malignant melanoma. Each of 32 patients with primary melanoma of the trunk received an intradermal injection of 0.1 mCi of 198Au colloid around the primary melanoma site. Imaging was accomplished with a tomographic scanner 24 hours following the injection. Twenty-seven of these patients underwent 36 regional lymph node dissections; nine had nodal metastases histologically demonstrated in the area (s) of nucleotide uptake. In clinical evaluation of up to 55 weeks, no patients demonstrated regional lymph node metastases in node groups which did not show preoperative gold uptake. Early evidence shows excellent correlation between the route of regional lymph node metastases and the direction of lymphatic flow to regional node groups, as demonstrated by gold colloid scanning. This procedure may be useful for evaluating patients with histologically defined high risk melanomas situated on the trunk in areas which drain to one or more lymph node regions.

Gold Colloid, Radioactive↗
PubMed1977

Gray-scale ultrasonography and thin-needle cholangiography. Evaluation in the jaundiced patient.

Gray-scale ultrasonography (GSU) and thin-needle cholangiography (TNC) were performed in 35 consecutive patients with unexplained jaundice. The status of the biliary tree was correctly assessed by GSU in 33 of 35 cases (94%); in two patients technical difficulty prevented definitive assessment. Neither false-positive nor false-negative results were encountered. There were no discrepancies between the results of GSU and TNC. We conclude that GSU provides a safe, highly reliable method of assessing the jaundiced patient and should be the preferred initial procedure in the diagnostic evaluation of patients with jaundice when the major differential lies between the medical and surgical types. If GSU does not demonstrate a dilated biliary system, TNC is unnecessary, and other diagnostic studies should be undertaken.

Cholangiography↗
PubMed1977

Computed tomography and transabdominal ultrasound in the evaluation of the prostate.

The prostates of eight patients scheduled to undergo prostatectomies were studied prospectively by transabdominal gray scale ultrasound and computed tomography. Computed tomography gave excellent visualization of prostate morphology and pelvic anatomic relationships. Ultrasound provided more histopathologic information in the cases of carcinoma and prostatitis. Additionally, its capacity to distinguish surgical capsule from adenoma, in benign prostatic hypertrophy, made it more useful for volume determinations.

Humans↗
PubMed1977

Nuclear imaging, tomographic nuclear imaging, and gray scale ultrasound in the evaluation of the porta hepatis.

Twenty-six patients with an eqivocal portal defect on conventional nuclear images were evaluated with a multiplane tomographic nuclear scanner and gray scale ultrasound. In most cases the correct determination (normal or abnormal) for an area of decreased uptake could be made from the multiplane tomographic scans. When an abnormality was thus confirmed, further characterization was provided by ultrasound.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Techniques for improved delineation of normal anatomy of the upper abdomen and high retroperitoneum with gray-scale ultrasound.

Improved scanning techniques, positioning, and adjustments in instrumentation have been developed on the basis of more than 1,500 ultrasound examinations of the upper abdomen and high retroperitoneum. The latest instrumentation was employed, including gray-scale signal processing and focused transducers. These methods have resulted in improved visualization of normal anatomical structures, including the aorta, inferior vena cava, portal venous system, and major branches of these vessels as well as the common bile duct. Aspects of these techniques are illustrated and their applications and limitations in the differential diagnosis of upper abdominal disease are discussed.

Abdomen↗