PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

W Jaross

Publications and source records attributed to W Jaross.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Comparison of risk factors for coronary heart disease in Dresden and Münster. Results of the DRECAN (Dresden Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition) study and the PROCAM (Prospective Cardiovascular Münster) Study.

Trend analyses based on WHO statistics for average life expectancy, age-standardized cardiovascular (CVD) morbidity and mortality show significant differences between the former German Democratic Republic (GDR) and the former Federal Republic of Germany (FRG). To investigate whether this is due to a different prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors, the Dresden Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition (DRECAN) study was conducted using the complete methodology of the Prospective Cardiovascular Münster (PROCAM) study, i.e., the same methods and strict quality controls, with an exchange of specimens between both laboratories. The results were compared with those of an adjusted subpopulation of the PROCAM study. Even before unification there were only small differences in lipoprotein profiles between West and East Germany, 10 months after unification these differences were minimal. The survey does not sufficiently explain the differences in CHD morbidity and mortality between Western and Eastern Germany. Further analyses of the nutritional aspects will show whether the change, in available foodstuffs after unification has led to substantially changed nutritional habits, and whether this might explain some of the results.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Apo(a) isoforms predict risk for coronary heart disease. A study in six populations.

Elevated concentrations of lipoprotein(a) (Lp[a]) in plasma are associated with premature coronary heart disease (CHD). Lp(a) levels are largely determined by alleles at the hypervariable apolipoprotein(a) (apo[a]) gene locus, but other genetic and environmental factors as well as diseases also affect plasma Lp(a) concentrations. It is therefore unclear whether Lp(a) is a primary genetic risk factor or whether Lp(a) levels are elevated secondary to disease in CHD patients. We have analyzed apo(a) phenotypes that represent a stable genetic trait in subjects with CHD and control subjects from different populations representing a variety of ethnic groups (Tyrol, Germany, Wales, Israel, Singapore Chinese, and Singapore Indian). Despite differences in sampling design and disease definition in this multipopulation case-control study, those apo(a) isoforms associated with high Lp(a) plasma concentrations (B, S1, and S2) were more frequent in the CHD patients in each ethnic group. These differences were significant in three of the studied populations and highly significant (p < 0.001) in the pooled (total) group. Lp(a) concentrations were also measured in all groups except Germans and were found to be consistently higher in cases than in control subjects in each ethnic group. For all but one population (Israeli) the differences were significant. The effects of the apo(a) size polymorphism on Lp(a) levels were similar in CHD patients and control subjects from different populations. The data demonstrate that alleles at the apo(a) locus determine the risk for CHD through their effects on Lp(a) concentrations across multiple populations with large differences in CHD frequency and risk factor profiles.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Lipid metabolism disorders in primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC)].

40 women, average age 52.5 years, with varying stages of primary biliary cirrhosis, were observed. One third of them suffered from a mild anaemia, mean plasma concentrations of ALAT were increased four times and those of AP six times. Despite the hepatocellular damage products of the liver synthesis such as transport proteins or coagulation factors were found to be normal or enhanced. 60% of the patients had a hypercholesterolaemia. The risk factors low density lipoprotein (LDL)- and very low density lipoprotein (VLDL)-cholesterol showed normal levels, but the protective factor high density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol was clearly increased. Apart from the low blood pressure in most of the patients and the absence of other risk factors these observations explain, why patients with PBC and hypercholesterolaemia don't usually develop arteriosclerotic complications. Only in case of severe cholestasis a lipid constellation comes into being accompanied by high risk for the blood vessels, but in these cases the terminal stage of PBC limits the survival. Positive correlations between markers of cholestasis and lipid parameters let an enhanced production and simultaneous impaired excretion of cholesterol be assumed.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Efficacy of a combined bezafibrate retard-colestyramine treatment in patients with hypercholesterolemia.

In a placebo-controlled randomized study the effect of combined bezafibrate-colestyramine therapy in comparison with monotherapy with both drugs was investigated. 47 patients with primary hypercholesterolemia received 400 mg bezafibrate (Cedur) retard/d, subsequently bezafibrate retard plus colestyramine (24 g/d) or colestyramine plus placebo in a double-blind fashion. The combination therapy was most effective (LDL decrease 36%, HDL-C increase 31%, apoprotein B decrease 28%), bezafibrate and colestyramine were equally effective with regard to LDL-C and apoprotein B, but only bezafibrate decreased triglycerides (-37%) and increased HDL-C (+24%). Bezafibrate was well-tolerated, but gastro-intestinal side-effects were frequent during therapy with colestyramine, and 16 patients tolerated only a reduced dosage of this drug. From the results presented it can be concluded that combined therapy with bezafibrate retard plus colestyramine is highly effective in the treatment of severe hypercholesterolemia.

Bezafibrate↗
PubMed1990

[LDL receptor determination in mononuclear blood cells].

The determination of the LDL-receptor-activity with 125I-LDL according to Goldstein and Brown is regarded as reference method, because it permits the quantitative measuring of the partial receptor functions binding, internalization and degradation of LDL. The authors inform of their experiences with the assaying of the LDL-degradation in mononuclear blood cells (lymphocytes and monocytes). The most critical step of the method is the radioactive labelling of the LDL. The quality criteria of the labelling are discussed. The results of the receptor activity assays from patients with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia demonstrate that it is necessary to assay patients and normal persons for each 125I-LDL-lot and to calculate the data of the patients in relation to the normal persons because of the limited standardization of the method. In the clinical medicine, today the receptor assay is only indicated for the genetic counseling of patients which are suffering possibly from familial hypercholesterolemia.

Humans↗
PubMed1990

[Changes of the lipoprotein pattern in acute respiratory diseases in infancy].

The lipoprotein profile during an acute respiratory disease (ARD) was determined in 75 children from 8 Dresden day-nurseries. At time "O" when the children are free of any ARD the serum concentrations of TG, TC, LDLC and Apo B are high whereas those of HDLC, Apo AI and Apo AII are age-related. The acute stage of an ARD is characterized by high levels of TG, Apo B and Apo AII and an decrease in TC, LDLC, HDLC and Apo AI. After 4 weeks of reconvalescence some of these disturbances persist.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1989

Pathogenetic role of adipose tissue lipase deficit for development of hypertriglyceridaemia.

In 87 patients (74 males, 13 females; age 43 +/- 9.2 years) covering a wide range of triglyceride (TG) concentrations (8.8 to 80.7 mmol/l) the turnover of total serum TG has been measured using the technique of labelling endogenously synthesized TG with 3H-glycerol. In parallel, lipoprotein lipase activity in adipose tissue and the adipose-tissue lipase activity in post-heparin plasma have been assessed following an oral 50 g glucose load. Despite the well-recognized function of this enzyme for intravascular lipolysis no direct relationship between lipase activities and fractional catabolic rates (FCR), reflecting TG removal processes, was found. On the other hand, relative enzyme activities (per TG moles) are positively correlated with the FCR. However, a detailed analysis of this relationship revealed that only in HTG patients whose FCR are below 0.210 h-1 a rate-limiting influence of a relative lipase deficit can be shown. In these patients, a statistically significant elevation of concentrations of free fatty acids is supposed to contribute to the impairment of the TG removal.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1989

[Analysis of the body fluids using SDS-gradient gel electrophoresis].

In the present report we describe a horizontal SDS-electrophoresis in thin- or ultrathin-layer polyacrylamide pore-gradient gel polymerized on polyester films for the estimation of proteins in several human body fluids. Up to 25 samples can be analyzed side by side under identical conditions. The combination of Coomassie blue staining with silver-staining allows the analysis of fluids containing low protein content also without concentrative techniques.

Body Fluids↗
PubMed1989

[Use of analytic density gradient ultracentrifugation for the study of cholesterol distribution between the lipoprotein fractions of serum].

1 ml serum were fractionated by analytical ultracentrifugation in a density gradient in the lipoproteins chylomicron/VLDL, LDL, HDL-2 and HDL-3 and the bottom-fraction. The sudan black prestained lipoprotein fractions were separated under visual control. The cholesterol content in the different lipoproteins was determined with the methods according AB (D.L.) and with the cholesterol oxidase/catalase-method. Both methods gives good reproducible and highly correlated results. With the AB (D.L.) method about 97% of the serum cholesterol concentration can be found in the lipoprotein fractions whereas with the enzymatic method about 87% can be detected. By a correlation coefficient of r = 0.989 the AB (D.L.) method gives about 0.30 mmol/l higher cholesterol values compared with the cholesterol oxidase catalase-method. The analytical ultracentrifugation can be recommended for the investigation of the cholesterol distribution between the lipoproteins also in clinical and smaller epidemiological studies.

Centrifugation, Density Gradient↗
PubMed1988

Is the level of steroid hormones in the low density lipoprotein (LDL) particles responsible for the prostaglandin I2 inhibitory potency of LDL?

In LDL fractions, isolated by ultracentrifugation, sexual hormones are detectable. LDL from male volunteers contained a significantly higher level of testosterone than LDL from female volunteers. This difference, however, is not responsible for the enhanced ability of LDL from men versus LDL from women to inhibit PGI2 formation. The importance of LDL testosterone is contradicted by the following results: Firstly, the PGI2 inhibitory potency of LDL is independent of the age of volunteers and the recentrifugation of isolated LDL fractions, but the level of testosterone is diminished with increasing age of volunteers and after recentrifugation. Secondly, LDL from hyperlipidemic men type II a did not inhibit PGI2 formation, but the level of testosterone in the LDL of these volunteers is significantly higher than in LDL from healthy men.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Lipoprotein changes in familial hypercholesterolemia after extracorporeal immunoadsorption of low density lipoproteins.

The effects of extracorporeal immunoadsorption of LDL on the lipoprotein metabolism in two patients with familial hypercholesterolemia are reported. The immunoadsorbent consisted of F(ab')2 fragments of sheep anti-LDL antibodies, which had been coupled to Sepharose CL 4B. Within a time period of 3 to 3.5 hours a mean reduction of the level of total cholesterol by 76 +/- 4 p. cent could be obtained. The level of LDL cholesterol was reduced by 78 +/- 4 p. cent and the level of apo. B by 84 +/- 5 p. cent. Both LDL and VLDL were bound to the immunoadsorbent, while HDL was predominantly lowered by the plasma-dilution, which was in the order of 20 p. cent. The same was true for other serum proteins, not related to LDL or VLDL. The relative distribution of the different lipoprotein classes was again reached 3 days after the treatment, the initial lipid and apolipoprotein levels two to three weeks after the treatment. In a long-term therapy consisting of 45 treatments with a mean interval of 18 days between two treatments a mean cholesterol lowering of 42 p. cent could be achieved. No adverse effects and no sensitization to be heterologous protein were observed.

Adult↗