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Biomedical subjects

W Kühne

Publications and source records attributed to W Kühne.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Relation between homocysteinaemia and diabetic neuropathy in patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus.

AIMS: Limited data are available on determinants of diabetic neuropathy as its pathogenesis is multifactorial. Since homocysteine exhibits toxic effects on vascular endothelial cells, the association between homocysteine and the prevalence of neuropathy in Type 2 diabetes mellitus was investigated. METHODS: A total of 65 Type 2 diabetic patients were consecutively enrolled into the study. Neuropathy was diagnosed according to clinical symptoms, clinical examination, electrophysiological sensory testing and autonomic function testing. With regard to homocysteine-related parameters, plasma homocysteine, folate, vitamin B12, vitamin B6 and renal function (creatinine, ceratinine clearance, cystatin C) were measured, and the C677T polymorphism of the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene was determined. RESULTS: Forty-three of the Type 2 diabetic patients were classified as suffering from neuropathy. Both patient groups were comparable with regard to demographic data, blood pressure, glucose metabolism, renal function and homocysteine-related vitamins. In contrast, homocysteine levels (P = 0.04) and the frequency of hyperhomocysteinemia (>or= 15 micromol/l) (P = 0.01) were significantly increased in neuropathic patients. In a logistic regression model with neuropathy as dependent variable, homocysteine (adjusted for creatinine, homocysteine-related vitamins, HbA1c and duration of diabetes) was the only significant variable associated with the prevalence of neuropathy (odds ratio for homocysteine per 5 micromol/l increase: 2.60 (95% confidence interval 1.07-6.33)). CONCLUSION: The data indicate that homocysteine is independently associated with the prevalence of diabetic neuropathy in a collective of Type 2 diabetic patients. A larger, prospective study would be desirable to clarify the role of homocysteine in the pathogenesis of diabetic neuropathy.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[The problems of early diagnosis of diffuse malignant mesothelioma from the pathologo-anatomic view].

An account is given in this paper of particular problems associated with early detection of mesotheliomatous alterations and differential diagnosis for their distinction from reactive mesothelial cell proliferations. Reference is made, in that context, to pathologico-anatomic experience obtained from postmortem and biopsy samples of human malignant mesotheliomas and animal experiments, following exposure to various asbestos-containing dusts. Diagnoses, such as "premesotheliomatous alteration" or "early mesothelioma", in other words, differentiation between benign and malignant, consequently, appear to be unjustified.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Familial Alzheimer disease: a large, multigeneration German kindred.

A German family with 21 members affected by Alzheimer disease (AD) was studied clinically and genetically. The diagnosis was histologically verified in three affected family members. Ancestors were traced through seven generations to a couple residing in East-Westfalia during the middle of the 19th century. Dementia was often accompanied by extrapyramidal features and myoclonus. No cases of Down syndrome or hematologic malignancy occurred in this family. Clinical manifestations, temporal progression, neurological testing, and neuropathological features do not differ from the more common sporadic form of AD. The inheritance pattern is most consistent with autosomal-dominant transmission.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

[An unusual benign hamartomatous tumor of the lung].

About a rare benign tumor of the lung of a fifty-nine years old woman is reported. The possible relation to the group of the pulmonary hamartomas is discussed. The tumor was benoted as "Benign angiohamartomatous tumor".

Endothelium, Vascular↗
PubMed1990

[Differentiated thyroid cancer. Their peculiarities in typing and assessment of invasiveness].

Differentiated thyroid carcinomas (follicular and papillary) were found to differ, for several biological behaviours, from carcinomas of other organs and even from anaplastic carcinomas of the thyroid. These peculiarities are quite often morphologically characterised by mature, organ-like histological appearances, long-time encapsulation from adjacent thyroid tissue, and delayed metastasation. Proper judgement of need for surgery and operability, consequently, can be quite difficult. Any tumour, therefore, should be individually assessed, and caution may be appropriate when it comes to therapeutic decision-making. These tumours are briefly typed in this paper by their histological patterns. The unique nature is mentioned of follicular and papillary carcinomas. Reference is made to factors of relevance to prognosis.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1989

[Bronchopulmonary granular cell tumor].

The so-called granular cell tumors, tumors of uncertain or disputed histogenesis, are generally rare, in the bronchial tree extremely rare. With regard to their localization, they are able--like a bronchogenic cancer--to cause mucus retention, bronchiectasis, recurrent pneumonias and atelectasis. A definitive diagnosis and typing of these benign tumors must be made before operation in the interest of an adequate therapy and avoiding overtreatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Problems of experimental tumourigenesis by fibrous dusts, especially by asbestos (with regard to stanton's hypothesis).

Asbestos dust has got a very great importance because cancerogenicity is imputed into it in occupational and, perhaps, in common environmental conditions too. The short review deals with general problems in experimenting with fibrous dusts, especially the modes of its application, the transferability of results to human pathology and the cause and pathway of cancerisation by fibres and crystals.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Asbestos-induced pleural diseases--thoracoscopic aspects.

The endoscopic morphology of asbestos-induced pleural disease is demonstrated by typical thoracoscopic findings. Among 627 thoracoscopies, lesions induced by exposure to asbestos were found in 9.9% (50 malignant mesotheliomas of the pleura, 10 pleural hyalinoses, 2 asbestos pleurisies). This comparatively high percentage is indicative of the pathogenic relevance of asbestos in the pleuropulmonary region. In addition to describing the diffuse malignant mesotheliomas of the pleura, reference is made in the discussion to the possible occurrence of benign localized fibromatous mesotheliomas that are not clearly related to asbestos exposure.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

[Asbestos-induced malignant tumors].

Asbestos had been increasingly used in many applications across numerous industries on account of its particular material properties, including resistance to heat and fire as well as to aggressive chemicals, high mechanical strength, insulation capacity, other physical parameters, and for its low price. World wide asbestos production and processing thus went up from 50 tons to 5.5 million tons per annum, in about 100 years. Widespread application of asbestos as well as of asbestos-containing materials and workpieces together with the understanding that asbestos for its fibrogenicity is capable of causing pulmonary and pleural asbestoses constitute a major challenge for thorough elucidation of related occupational diseases and their relationship with asbestos. This demand is additionally supported in urgency by the cancerogenicity of asbestos potentially leading to malignant diffuse mesotheliomas, bronchial carcinomas, and, obviously, other tumors. In the context of malignant mesotheliomas, emphasis has to be laid on characteristic morphological features, biological behaviours, and asbestos-related aetiology. As bronchial carcinomas have several aetiological backgrounds, answers will have to be found to the questions for which of them may have been fully or partially caused by asbestos and which have not. No differentiation has so far been feasible, in this context, by tumour morphology, including histological typing. After all, when it comes to malignant tumours of other organs, additional epidemiological as well as pathologico-anatomic efforts will have to be made to find out, if and where a given case of tumour growth has coincided with exposure to asbestos.

Asbestos↗
PubMed1988

[Interstitial lung diseases of the interstitial-proliferative type].

The term of "chronic interstitial pneumonia" had been more accurately redefined by Liebow and, subsequently, by Otto and had been subdivided by different pathomorphological phenomena. The interstitial-proliferative type is of particular interest, in this context. Reported in this paper is the bioptic histopathological pattern of 15 patients with interstitial lung disease of the interstitial-proliferative type, with these findings being correlated to clinical symptoms. A distinction is made between an independent form in its own right and a histologically identical interstitial phenomenon accompanying other pulmonary diseases, primarily in concomitance with lung cancer, and recordable also from postmortem investigations. Interstitial-proliferative inflammations are adequately controllable by antibiotics.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[The significance of tuberculosis today and its pathomorphism, demonstrated in postmortem material].

In spite of the great decrease in morbidity and mortality, tuberculosis still is important in autopsies. In our postmortem investigations on 65,002 unselected adults, from 1961 to 1985 we found 2,633 (4.1%) cases of tuberculosis, among them 1,471 (2.3%) inactive and 1,162 (1.9%) active forms. The frequency of active tuberculosis fell continuously to about 1% of all autopsies performed. The average age of death of tuberculosis increased strongly, the peak being at present between 71 and 80 years. The number of tuberculosis death below 50 years decreased from about 22% (1962) to 7% in recent years. Severe exudative-cavernous tuberculosis receded, as compared to more uncharacteristic forms. Nevertheless, real pathomorphosis of tuberculosis has not occurred.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1987

[Pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis].

Case report from a 12-years old russian girl with pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis. The diagnosis was confirmed by histologic examination from biopsy specimen of the lung. The differential diagnosis and the histomorphology are discussed.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1986

[Coincidence of silicosis and sarcoidosis. 2. Relations between silicosis and sarcoidosis as well as forensic consequences].

The observation of a coincidence of silicosis and sarcoidosis (see the 1st Communication) raises many problems on the pathogenesis of both diseases, their possible causal connections and not last the medical judgement. The mutual influence of both diseases is not discernible in the particular case. Pathogenetic connections derived from mentioned examples of coincidence of silicosis and sarcoidosis stay hypothetical, because its experimental confirmation cannot be realized. Within the medical judgement of the coincidence of silicosis and sarcoidosis the differentiation of injury caused only by silicosis must be tried. If that is not possible, the whole bodily injury must be imposed to silicosis to protect the patient from a disadvantageous expert opinion. The professional activity of patients with sarcoidosis in an atmosphere of quartz dust is not permissible, because the momentary injury of tissues of lung and lymph nodes as well as the prognosis of sarcoidosis are not definable with the actual available methods, but it is safe to say, that silicosis is an additional danger to the patient.

Dust↗