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Biomedical subjects

W Kumpan

Publications and source records attributed to W Kumpan.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

The angiographic response of osteosarcoma following pre-operative chemotherapy.

The prognosis of osteosarcoma has improved significantly with recent advances in chemotherapy. Evaluation of the effect of chemotherapy is important for optimal timing of surgery, for selecting an alternative drug regimen in instances of poor response to chemotherapy and for testing combinations of new drugs. The purpose of this paper is to define the value of plain radiographs and angiography in assessing tumor response to chemotherapy. Studies were obtained before and after chemotherapy. The radiographic results were correlated with histologic evaluation of the resected specimen. Patients with less than 10% residual viable tumor in the resected bone were designated "responders" and patients with more than 10% of remaining viable tumor were "nonresponders". Angiographic appearances correctly separated 15 patients with good response to chemotherapy from seven patients who were not responsive. Conversely, comparison of plain radiographs obtained before and after chemotherapy did not allow a reliable differentiation between patients with good, poor, or no response to chemotherapy. The current role of angiography in the management of patients with osteosarcoma is discussed. It is concluded that - in contrast to plain film radiography - angiography is an accurate method for assessing the response of osteosarcoma to chemotherapy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

The intravertebral vacuum phenomenon.

An intravertebral vacuum phenomenon was observed within 19 vertebrae of 17 patients. It represents a non-healing vertebral fracture. Three possible pathologic mechanisms are discussed: ischemic bone necrosis, trauma with ensuing ischemic necrosis, and intraosseous disc prolapse. The intravertebral vacuum phenomenon was found in two patients with multiple myeloma and thus does not exclude the presence of malignancy in the affected bone. Radiographs obtained during traction or extension may be of diagnostic value.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

[Sonographic vascular analysis in segmental aplasia-hypoplasia of the inferior vena cava].

The absence or hypoplasia of the hepatic segment of the inferior vena cava with azygos continuation is a rare entity, sometimes associated with congenital heart disease, situs inversus or polysplenia syndrome. Ultrasonography as an easy, non-invasive procedure enables reliable diagnosis of this anomaly replacing inferior cavography. Ultrasonic scans performed in various directions allow a more subtle analysis of vessels and location of azygos continuation. We present an analysis of the sonographic feature in this anomaly, as studied in 2 patients. The diagnosis of this usually incidental finding (chest X-ray) can be of major clinical importance e.g. if special surgical procedures such as ligature of the azygos vein are considered.

Azygos Vein↗
PubMed1986

[High-resolution realtime sonography of varicoceles].

An attempt has been made to classify varicoceles by means of real time sonography in accordance with the findings on palpation. The maximal diameter of the pampiniform plexus and of individual veins was determined sonographically and compared with the results of palpation in 74 patients with varicoceles. The sonographic findings are more accurate than is palpation. Fifteen subclinical varicoceles were discovered by sonography which could not be detected by palpation. It has been found convenient to classify the lesions in four sonographic stages. Maximal transverse diameter of the pampiniform plexus up to one centimetre is regarded as normal. A diameter of one to two centimetres corresponds to grade I, two to three centimetres corresponds to grade II and greater than three centimetres to grade III.

Humans↗
PubMed1986

[Pulsed duplex sonographic follow-up of varicoceles following sclerotherapy].

Forty-one patients were examined by pulsed duplex sonography immediately before and then one, four and twelve weeks following sclerotherapy of a varicocele. The severity of the varicocele was determined by sonography before treatment and confirmed by phlebography. Sonographic follow-up showed reduction, or disappearance, of the varicocele in 78% of cases. Doppler examination confirmed successful treatment in 85% of patients. Pulsed duplex sonography, combining a non-invasive imaging method and a functional technique, is well suited for the follow-up of varicoceles after treatment.

Follow-Up Studies↗
PubMed1986

[The accuracy of ultrasound in the diagnosis of intra-abdominal abscess formations].

During the last two years 73 patients with a total number of 84 abdominal abscesses have been investigated by ultrasound. Two thirds of the patients (67%) had postoperative abscesses. Spontaneous abscesses occurred in the remaining 33%. Multiple abscesses occurred in the postoperative group only (7 patients). The overall sensitivity in detecting an abscess was 84%. The sensitivity was much better with spontaneous abscesses (92%) than with postoperative abscesses (80%). One third of the patients have also been investigated by computed tomography. The diagnosis was confirmed either by needle aspiration or by operative drainage. Ultrasound was most useful in detecting abscesses in the right and left upper quadrant and in the pelvis, while CT was superior in the mid-abdomen and when dealing with multiple abscesses.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1986

Lymph nodes of the neck: evaluation with US.

Ultrasound (US) proved highly effective for detection, localization, and delineation of enlarged lymph nodes of the neck. Infiltration of adjacent structures, specifically the common, internal, and external carotid arteries, and the neck muscles was reliably demonstrated. Benign and malignant lymph node enlargement could not be differentiated. US examinations changed the operative course of 56% of patients studied. In 41%, a more radical operative procedure was performed than was previously planned; in 14%, US demonstrated inoperability. Small-parts US is a very useful adjunct to current imaging techniques of cervical lymph node disease.

Humans↗
PubMed1986

[Computerized tomography in the acute diagnosis of spinal injuries].

Additional to conventional x-ray examinations, high-resolution CT has a greater impact on the diagnostic evaluation of severe spine injuries. It allows exact judgment of the condition of vertebral arch, articular processes, joints and spinal axis and therefore a better delineation of the stability or instability of spinal fractures. Intraspinal fracture of spinal stenosis and intra or paraspinal soft tissues lesions are much more easily detected. For this reasons CT-evaluation of severe spinal traumata permits earlier, much more precise and in many cases successful therapy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

[Chylopericardium as a rare cause of a "large" heart shadow--2 case reports].

Two cases with the diagnosis of asymptomatic chylopericard were evaluated. One was a 20-year old girl who had been operated on for intrathoracic lymphangioma and chylopericardium that existed since birth, and who developed a chylothorax after the operation. The second case report concerns a 22-year old man who had been suffering from a posttraumatic asymptomatic chylopericardium for two years and who is being treated conservatively "Low-fat diet").

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Long-term results after sclerotherapy of the spermatic vein in patients with varicocele.

Ninety-seven patients received transfemoral sclerotherapy of the spermatic vein for varicocele. After observation for 2 to 5 years, follow-up was available in 69 patients (71.2%), in 11 of whom the procedure failed (16.0%). Complications during angiography (N = 12, 12.4%) or sclerotherapy (N = 31, 32.0%) did not require hospital treatment. At least one parameter of the spermiogram was improved in 25 of 32 patients (78.1%). Forty-four of 69 patients (63.8%) treated because of a childless marriage, and whose wives were not known to be infertile, had a pregnancy rate of 47.7%. Thi method may be considered equal to surgical procedures in achieving venous occlusion; furthermore it is simple and can be used on an outpatient basis without anesthesia.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Mediastinal CT-staging of bronchial carcinomas].

Forty-three patients with proven bronchogenic carcinoma were evaluated with computed tomography (CT) to search for mediastinal and broncho-pulmonary nodal metastases. Definitive staging was achieved by thoracotomy (34 patients) and mediastinoscopy or transbronchial nodal sampling (9 patients). Three parameters of lymph node appearance on CT were studied to improve the sensitivity and specificity of CT in detecting malignancy in bronchogenic carcinoma: 1) node size, 2) node location and 3) border regularity and definition. 762 clearly defined nodes were studied by CT - 391 metastatic and 371 non metastatic. The most useful CT parameters were node size over 10 mm, and node location, which results in a sensitivity of 80% and a specificity of 88%. A combination of all 3 CT parameters increased sensitivity to 82% and specificity to 90%. These results show clearly, that size is not the only relevant CT-parameter in successful preoperative identification of mediastinal nodal metastases.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

[Occult fractures of the skull].

Fractures of the skull represent a problem in traumatologic X-ray-diagnosis. The higher rate of errors in the skull compared with the rest of the skeleton result from problems in differentiation of fracture-lines from vascular channels and impressions in overlying skeletal structures. By special examination of the suspected region (special X-ray-views, conventional tomography, CT, magnification views etc.) additional information can be obtained, e.g., exact demonstration of dislocated bone fragments or the detection of intracranial hematomas as well as the unmasking of the fracture lines and their dimensions. Very often these special procedures results are the basis for correct treatment. For various skull regions, where masked fractures often occur, recommended radiological pathways are presented in order to find these fractures and to obtain additional information.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

[Real-time sonography in breast diagnosis. Indication and value].

With improvement in ultrasound technique, sonography is gaining increasing importance in the evaluation of breast lesions. The following conclusions are drawn on the basis of experience in the use of real-time sonography in 200 patients. Palpable masses are most suitable for examination by sonography, whereas the diagnostic yield in diffuse breast disease is relatively low. The most important task is the differentiation between benign cystic and solid masses. Differential diagnosis of solid tumours may be difficult or even impossible and biopsy should not be carried out solely on the basis of a sonographic examination. Palpation and mammography must still be considered as basic methods of examination, which may be successfully complemented by sonography.

Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous↗
PubMed1984

[Ultrasonics and computerized tomography in the diagnosis of large cavernous hemangiomas of the liver].

Cavernous haemangiomas of the liver often pose problems in the differential diagnosis on ultrasound because of the complex echo pattern. Some typical features of their sonomorphology are exemplified by the data obtained in 4 patients. In combination with the almost pathognomonic delayed contrast enhancement on computed tomography, additional angiography seems to be no longer necessary for an accurate diagnosis in most cases.

Angiography↗
PubMed1984

[Computerized tomography in middle ear diagnosis--a comparison with conventional methods].

Due to important improvement in detail resolution and the excellent contrast resolution, in the newest computed tomography (CT) units, normal and pathologic structures of the inner and middle ear can be visualized. The clinical value of CT in comparison to standard X-rays and tomography is prospectively evaluated on the basis of 50 patient examinations. Today CT is unsurpassed in the diagnosis of cholesteatomas and glomus tumors and is superior to all other imaging techniques. Chronic inflammatory diseases of the middle ear can be evaluated in most cases on the basis of standard X-rays and tomography. CT's importance is primarily complementary, except for preoperative cases. Fractures should be visualized first on standard X-rays. If questionable complications are involved (e.g., tympanic or intracranial hematomas), CT should be the next step. Conventional tomograms are not necessary.

Cholesteatoma↗