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Biomedical subjects

W Kutschera

Publications and source records attributed to W Kutschera.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1999

Comparative biotransformation studies of MeIQx and PhIP in animal models and humans.

MeIQx and PhIP are putative carcinogenic heterocyclic amines formed during the cooking of meat and fish. Using accelerator mass spectrometry, we have investigated the metabolism and macromolecule binding of 14C-labelled MeIQx and PhIP in human cancer patients compared to the rat. Following oral administration of MeIQx and PhIP, more DNA adducts were formed in human colon tissue compared with rats. Differences were also observed between rats and humans in the metabolite profile and urine excretion for these compounds. These results suggest humans metabolise heterocyclic amines differently to laboratory rodents and question their use as models of human risk.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

The mouse and rat MAP1B genes: genomic organization and alternative transcription.

We report the genomic organization of the mouse and rat genes coding for the 2460-amino-acid microtubule-associated protein (MAP) 1B. In addition to seven exons that encode full-length MAP1B, we have identified two alternative exons, exon 3A and the novel exon 3U. We demonstrate that alternative MAP1B transcripts containing either exon 3A or exon 3U are expressed in a variety of mouse and rat tissues at about 1 to 10% of the level of regular transcripts. The alternative transcripts, if translated, would give rise to MAP1B isoforms truncated at the N-terminus. The exon/intron organization underlying the alternative transcripts and the N-terminal amino acid sequence of the putative truncated MAP1B isoforms resemble those of MAP1A, providing further evidence for an evolutionary relationship. The detection of alternative transcripts has implications for the interpretation of conflicting results recently obtained in MAP1B knockout mice.

Alternative Splicing↗
PubMed1997

X-ray tubes--continuous innovative technology.

The X-ray tube is one of the most important components in any X-ray system. In the beginning, physicists and physicians used gas ion tubes. The so-called Coolidge tube applied a high vacuum and is still used today. Medical examinations have required continuously improved designs of X-ray tubes (smaller focal spots at a higher output). The principle of the Goetze line focus is still applied in any diagnostic X-ray tube. Different anode materials and the rotating anode contributed to an increased output and reduced exposure time. Bearings needed special attention. Spiral groove bearings are the most advanced design today. The heat storage capacity of the anode and the tube housing assembly influences examination time and patient throughput. Cardiac imaging required less motion blurring in cine film images and increasing radiation exposure in interventional procedures called for measures to reduce dose. Protection against radiation and electric shock has always been a concern of design engineers. Focal spot sizes dedicated to specific applications and heat management within the total tube housing assembly will be future issues. Even with the event of ultrasound and MR technology, X-ray procedures will still be applied for diagnostic and interventional purposes.

Coronary Angiography↗
PubMed1985

[The round lung lesion from the clinical viewpoint].

The features of about 100 benign nodules are compared with the findings in the same number of peripheral stage I lung carcinomas. There were, indeed, clinical differences between both groups, but the isolated case could practically never be designated malignant or benign with certainty. We thus conclude that each pulmonary nodule has to be resected on the assumption of malignancy without delay.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Segment resection for lung cancer.

From 1958 to 1979 1,951 pulmonary resections for lung cancer were performed in our hospital. Segment or wedge resections were carried out in 91 patients, in 34 as palliative operations while in 57, with stage I peripheral carcinoma, the resection was curative. The operative mortality rate for this procedure showed no difference to that for lobectomy at the same stage. The 5-year survival rate for these segment resection patients was 23%, while it was 45% for lobectomy patients. Consequently, segment resection cannot be regarded as a routine method, but rather as an emergency procedure in functionally otherwise inoperable cases.

Humans↗
PubMed1984

[Bronchial carcinoma from the surgical viewpoint].

The paper presents the problems of bronchogenic carcinoma and the results of surgical treatment on the basis of 10 000 patients suffering from lung cancer. 20% of all resected cases and 40% of all cases resected during the early stage lived beyond the 5-year survival limit, and during the earliest stage surgical cure can be achieved in 60% to 80% of the patients. Small cell carcinoma is just as operable as all other forms of bronchogenic carcinoma, if in addition chemotherapy and radiotherapy are administered. From the oncological point of view clip or segmental resection are not equivalent to standard lobectomy and must, therefore, remain reserved for functional risk cases. On the basis of cancer biology and in view of the frequently occurring concealed (micro)-metastases we demand adjuvant therapy after every tumor resection; this treatment will consist in immunotherapy during the early stages and in chemo- and radiotherapy during late stages.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1979

[Surgery of bronchus carcinoma (author's transl)].

The results of surgery for bronchial carcinoma can be improved by further stressing of early diagnosis, by operative methods adapted to oncological needs and assessment of techniques which increase operability as well as by adequate and general additional therapy. Based on our material of 8,423 patients of which 2,773 (i.e. 23%) have been operated the results of the operation in relation to type of operation, histology, Feinstein's classification, TNM stages and other are demonstrated.

Austria↗