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W Müller

Publications and source records attributed to W Müller.

At least 721 records · Page 40Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Distribution of human adult lactase phenotypes in the population of Austria.

A total of 528 unrelated, apparently healthy, adult and adolescent Austrians (270 females, 258 males, mean age 22.1 years) were examined for lactose absorption capacity employing a noninvasive field test based on breath hydrogen (H2) determination. Subjects exhibiting a change of breath hydrogen concentration of less than 15 volumes per million (vpm) after a load of 50 g lactose (n = 422) were classified as lactose absorbers, 106 probands (20.1%) showing increases of breath hydrogen concentration between 16 and 111 vpm were diagnosed as lactose malabsorbers. The distribution of the lactase phenotypes was independent of age and sex. Intolerance symptoms after lactose administration were significantly more frequent in lactose malabsorbers. Grouping of probands according to the birth-places of their grandparents revealed significant differences in the distribution of the lactase phenotypes in East and West Austria (East 25%, West 15% lactose malabsorbers). These differences are discussed in the light of the population history of these regions.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Medulloblastoma: survey of factors possibly influencing the prognosis.

In a series of 310 cases the role of the factors age, sex, location of the tumour (midline or lateral), and medulloblastoma type (classic or desmoplastic) were analysed with regard to the prognosis. The influence of therapy is not considered because of the inhomogeneity of the material and the view nowadays that treatment is insufficient. The occurrence of lateral (or hemispheric) medulloblastomas increases in the group of the 11-15 years old patients. The proportion of the desmoplastic type is greater in adults than in children, but they are distributed almost equally medially and laterally. There seems to be no definite correlation between sex and the survival time. The mean survival time increases with age. With regard to the histological subclassification into children and adults, the mean survival times are nearly identical. The only obvious factor with a decisive influence on the prognosis seems to be the time of appearance of the tumour. Additionally, the data support the conclusion that a desmoplastic medulloblastoma should be considered as a histological variant without clinical relevance.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Quantitative electron microscopy microscopical analysis of leukocyte infiltration in oral ulcers of Behçet's syndrome.

A stereological electron microscopical technique was applied to biopsies of oral ulcers from patients with Behçet's syndrome in order to carry out a quantitative analysis of the cellular infiltrate. The results have confirmed the light microscopical qualitative findings of a large number of lymphocytes (67%) but have established that a relatively large proportion of the leukocytes (14%( belong to the monocyte-macrophage series. The virtual absence of plasma cells during the early stages of ulceration and the presence of a large number of lymphocytes and monocytes argue in favour of a type IV cell-mediated immune reaction. As the lesion progresses a type III reaction develops and this might be associated with immune complexes found in the serum of patients with Behçet's syndrome.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Size fractionation of DNA fragments ranging from 20 to 30 000 base pairs by liquid/liquid chromatography.

A chromatographic procedure for the size fractionation of DNA fragments ranging from 20 to 30 000 base pairs within a single chromatographic run is described. The procedure was developed from a method communicated about two years ago [Müller, W. et al. (1979) Nucleic Acids Res. 7, 2483-2499] which applies the aqueous two-phase system formed by poly(ethylene glycol) and dextran using cellulose as support for the lower, dextran rich stationary phase. The parameters found to exert a marked influence on the resolution and the capacity of a column include the ratio of mobile phase to bound phase in the column (phase ratio), the temperature, and the ionic strength in the phases. Concerning the support, no better material than microgranular cellulose has yet been found. A slight preference of dA + dT-rich fragments for the mobile phase manifests itself by elution anomalies comparable in extent to the migration anomalies of the same fragments in polyacrylamide gels. The resolution observed approaches that of polyacrylamide and agarose gels, but the capacity is 200-500 times higher. The DNA fragments passed through the fractionation procedure seem to be fully susceptible to the enzymatic restriction and modification reactions.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

A multifunctional gene (tetR) controls Tn10-encoded tetracycline resistance.

The tetracycline resistance regulatory gene (tetR) of transposon Tn10 was analyzed by a combination of methods involving gene fusion and cloning. This gene is located on a 695-base pair HincII DNA fragment near the center of Tn10. The direction of transcription is opposite to that of neighboring gene tetA, which encodes the TetA protein. The gene product of the tetR gene (the TetR protein) has a molecular weight of 23,000. tet-R-lacZ gene fusions encode fusion beta-galactosidases that are membrane bound, indicating that the TetR protein itself is membrane associated. Mutants defective in tetR result in constitutive tetracycline resistance, but the level of resistance is reduced. Expression of the tetR gene is induced by tetracycline; in the absence of tetracycline, the TetR protein turns off its own synthesis.

Bacterial Proteins↗
PubMed1982

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Balneology↗
PubMed1982

Osmotic shock fluids from salmonella R-mutants. Chemical composition and protective capacity against S. typhimurium infection in mice.

Salmonella R-mutants of different chemotype were subjected to osmotic shock treatment according to the method of Willis et al. (18). Chemical composition (protein, LPS, palmitic acid and nucleic acids) as well as the polypeptide patterns of the shock fluid and hypertonic fluid (in which the cells were suspended before shock treatment) were determined and compared with material extracted by urea treatment carried out to get protein from the cell surface. The results indicate that even components from the cell surface have been released by shock treatment. All the extracts mentioned above showed protective activity in mouse against infection.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Proteins from Salmonella R-mutants mediating protection against Salmonella typhimurium infection in mice I. Preparation of proteins free from lipopolysaccharide using various chromatographic methods.

Different chromatographic methods are described to remove traces of LPS from proteins extracted from the surface of several R-mutants of Salmonella. The protein preparations obtained by these methods were found to contain less than 0.001% of beta-hydroxymyristic acid as determined by gas liquid chromatography. This corresponds to less than 0.003 to 0.006% of R-form-LPS (depending on the chemotype of the mutant) and less than 0.014% of S-form-LPS. From some protein mixtures LPS could be removed by repeated gel filtration on a column of Sepharose CL-6B. Recycling gel filtration proved to be more effective considering the high recovery of protein in much shorter time. Ion exchange chromatography on DEAE Sepharose CL-6B was also useful in some cases. Thus, using one or the other method LPS free protein preparations could be obtained with extracts obtained from 6 out of 7 bacterial strains.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

[Hereditary alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency and infantile cirrhosis of the liver].

A report on 9 cases of infantile hepatopathy and cirrhosis of the liver respectively in cases of hereditary autosome-recessive alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency (alpha 1-ATM). The genetic variants of the serum-protease-inhibitor (Pi) alpha 1-antitrypsin (alpha 1-AT) were examined by means of iso-electric focusing (Polyacrylamidgelen). The gene incidence was of the allel PiZ 0,0138 in the 868 blood donors from the Tyrol and was therefore within the range of the PiZ-frequencies seen in other Central-European populations. The other alleles PiM1, PiM2, PiM3, and PiS, point to the incidence of 0.7062, 0.1480, 0.1037, and 0.0225. The patients under observation (9) are homozygote PiZZ, the clinically healthy parents heterozygote PiZM. Risk of repetition in siblings of the patients is 25%. Early indicative symptoms are prolonged jaundice, acholic stools and hepatomegaly. Further developments are the fading of the hyperbilirubinaemia, temporary improvement in the pathological liver values, a freedom of symptoms for different lengths of time in each case, in the case of two patients, finally, decompensated cirrhosis of the liver and death in hepatic coma. The histological picture of the liver tissue shows PAS-positive storage granula in hepatozytes, intrahepatic hypoplasia of the bile duct, cholestasis as well as early cell necrobiosis, fibrosis and cirrhotic transformation. Course and severity of the liver complaint differ greatly, and are independent of the quantitative alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency revealed, treatment is purely symptomatic.

Child↗
PubMed1982

[Cystic fibrosis: long-term treatment at a specialized centre, and its prognostic value (author's transl)].

Data are presented on morbidity, mortality, and age at diagnosis of 90 patients with cystic fibrosis who were seen at the Medical School of Hannover from 1975 to 1981. The status of patients was characterized by the clinical score and the score of chest roentgenogram. Course and prognosis in groups of patients defined by the items "false diagnosis", "false negative sweat test", "meconium ileus", "late onset of clinical symptoms after age 5", and "comprehensive long-term treatment at a centre for cystic fibrosis" were compared. In patients with intestinal or pulmonary symptoms a delay in diagnosis for patients, who died, died in early childhood. However, for those patients who receive proper medical care at a specialized CF-centre a clinical course can be achieved which may resemble the course of disease in patients with late onset of symptoms.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

[Urea as a substrate for the intestinal flora of the infant (author's transl)].

The significance of the relatively high urea content of mothers milk for infant nutrition was investigated using 15N urea as a tracer by oral loading tests and an in-vitro culturing of bifidobacteria. The urea level of 6 mother's milk specimens was found to be 295 +/- 49 mg/l. There was a distinct incorporation of 15N into the intestinal bacterial fraction following 15N urea loadings in 3 infants, receiving mother's milk and 2 cows milk formulas which contained 1.8 and 2.1% of protein. The incorporation rate did not differ between the single types of feeding. In contrast to these findings the 15N incorporation into the bacterial flora of an infant suffering from kidney insufficiency was about 30 times higher than in healthy infants. Bifidobacteria infants derived from the feces of a breastfed infant utilised 15N from 15N urea added to the culture medium in concentrations of 20 mg per 100 ml. After incubating the culture for 2 days at 37 degrees C the 15N-excess of nitrogen fraction of the bifidobacteria amounted to 0.47 atom-%. Urea therefore can directly serve as a substrate for bifidobacteria on mother's milk feeding.

Breast Feeding↗