PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

W Pluskiewicz

Publications and source records attributed to W Pluskiewicz.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed2002

Longitudinal changes in mandibular bone mineral density compared with hip bone mineral density and quantitative ultrasound at calcaneus and hand phalanges.

The aim of this prospective study was to evaluate changes in bone mineral density (BMD) of the mandible (m-BMD) compared with hip BMD and ultrasound parameters of the calcaneus and hand phalanges over 28 months. The study group consisted of 18 post-menopausal edentulous women with no reasons known to affect bone metabolism, such as disease or medication. Each woman had undergone natural menopause. No previous fractures were noted. Measurements were performed at baseline and repeated after 28 months. Bone status was assessed by measuring BMD using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) at the mandible and hip and by measuring speed of sound (SOS), broadband ultrasound attenuation (BUA), stiffness index (SI) and amplitude-dependent SOS (Ad-SOS) using quantitative ultrasound at the calcaneus and phalanges of the hand. The coefficient of variation for mandibular measurements was 2.06%. BMD of the mandible, femoral neck and Ward's triangle decreased significantly (-7.54%, -1.2%, -1.97% per year, respectively, p<0.05), whilst BUA, SI and Ad-SOS decreased, but not significantly (-1.1%, -0.47%, -0.08% per year, respectively). Both SOS and BMD of the trochanter had almost the same value without significant differences. The least significant change (LSC), denoting the minimum difference between two successive results in an individual that can be considered to reflect a real change, was calculated. With the exception of changes in m-BMD, no significant changes were observed at any of the sites for the majority of the women (39-89%). 67% of women had a decrease in m-BMD greater than the LSC and 22% had an increase in m-BMD greater than the LSC. Apart from the mandible, other sites showing a large percentage of women with a decrease in BMD greater than the LSC were the Ward's triangle (39%) and the femoral neck (28%). In conclusion, a 28-month longitudinal study of post-menopausal women revealed mandibular bone loss assessed by DXA to be much higher than in other skeletal sites.

Absorptiometry, Photon↗
PubMed2001

Quantitative ultrasound (QUS) at the calcaneus and hand phalanges in Polish healthy postmenopausal women.

In a cross-sectional study, 109 postmenopausal, healthy women, mean age 58.8 years, were studied. The aim of the study was to compare quantitative ultrasound (QUS) performed at two measurement sites of the same persons (correlations between parameters studied, age, and years since menopause (YSM)-related changes, influence of body size). Bone status was established using measurements at the calcaneus by Achilles (Lunar, USA), which measures speed of sound (SOS [m/s], CV% = 0.22%), broadband ultrasound attenuation (BUA [dB/MHz], CV% = 1.8%), stiffness index (SI [%], CV% = 1.3%), and by DBM Sonic 1200 (Igea, Italy), which measures amplitude-dependent speed of sound (Ad-SoS [m/s], CV% = 0.64%) at the hand phalanges. Mean and SD values were: SOS = 1498 +/- 24.8 m/s, BUA = 104.6 +/- 9.4 dB/MHz, SI = 69.2 +/- 12.3%, Ad-SoS = 1879 +/- 90.1 m/s. Age- and YSM-related changes were as follows: age-SOS r = -0.37, p < 0.0001, age-BUA r = -0.33, p < 0.001, age-SI r = -0.36, p < 0.001, age-Ad-SoS r = -0.62, p < 0.00001, YSM-SOS r = -0.27, p < 0.01, YSM-BUA r = -0.32, p < 0.001, YSM-Ad-SoS r = -0.44, p < 0.00001, YSM-SI r = -0.29, p < 0.01. In stepwise, multiple regression analyses of ultrasound parameters on age, YSM, height, and weight, the following equations were obtained: SOS [m/s] = 1564.9 - 1.1 x age [y], r = -0.37, p < 0.0001; BUA [dB/MHz] = 88.7 + 0.28 x weight [kg] - 0.36 x YSM [y], r = -0.51, p < 0.00001; SI [%]) = 79.2 - 0.5 x age [y] + 0.28 x weight [kg], r = -0.47, p < 0.00001; Ad-SoS [m/s] = 2287 to 6.9 x age [y], r = -0.62, p < 0.00001. In conclusion, QUS at the calcaneus and hand phalanges express similar trends in skeletal changes due to aging and the postmenopausal period, although measurements at the phalanges seem to be more sensitive for detecting bone changes, due to faster decrease rate of the Ad-SoS value than calcaneal measurements.

Body Constitution↗
PubMed2001

Quantitative ultrasound at the calcaneus in premenopausal women and their postmenopausal mothers.

The aim of the study was to establish a relationship between mothers' and daughters' bone status. Forty-eight postmenopausal women and their 48 premenopausal daughters were evaluated. The analysis was made for the whole group and for two subgroups: 27 healthy mothers and their 27 daughters; and 21 fractured mothers and their 21 daughters. The subgroups were matched for age and years since menopause (YSM), and height, weight, and body mass index (BMI) did not differ significantly. Bone status was evaluated by ultrasound measurement at the heel using the Achilles system (Lunar, Madison, WI), which measures speed of sound (SOS [m/sec]) and broadband ultrasound attenuation (BUA [dB/MHz]). The Achilles software also calculates a stiffness index (SI [%]). Ultrasound values for BUA, SOS, stiffness index, and Z score were significantly lower both in mothers with previous fractures and in their daughters, compared with respective values in mothers without fractures and their daughters. Future values in daughters were predicted using a stepwise, multiple regression analysis separately in the whole group and in the two subgroups. Future values were predicted in two models taking into consideration mothers' present SOS, BUA, and age or present SOS, BUA, and YSM. In both models, daughters' present SOS, BUA, age, height, and weight were taken into consideration. Predictive values were found to be high for daughters of women having had fractures (r = 0.72-0.87, p = 0.015-0.00007, SEE = 6.0-15.8) and lower for all daughters studied (r = 0.38-0.62, p = 0.03-0.0001, SEE = 8.8-21.5). In daughters of mothers without past fractures, prediction was not possible. Heritability of ultrasound values in daughters of women with past fractures ranged between 52% and 76%, whereas in the whole group the range was 14%-40%. In conclusion, the data indicate that, as a group, the daughters of women with osteoporotic fracture are likely to be at an increased risk for fractures because they have relatively low ultrasound values. Their future ultrasound values can be predicted on the basis of a single ultrasound evaluation with the condition that there is a history of maternal past fracture.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Mandibular bone mineral density measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry: relationship to hip bone mineral density and quantitative ultrasound at calcaneus and hand phalanges.

The main aim of this cross-sectional study was the estimation of relationships between mandibular bone mineral density (m-BMD), hip bone mineral densities (BMDs) and quantitative ultrasound at calcaneus and hand phalanges. Correlations between m-BMD and age, years since menopause (YSM) and body size were also evaluated. 42 edentulous persons (36 females and 6 males aged 60.5 +/- 6.9 years) were evaluated. In the group studied no factors affecting bone metabolism (either medical conditions or medications) were noted. Bone status was assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (mandible, hip--Lunar DPX-L), and quantitative ultrasound (calcaneus--Lunar Achilles which measures speed of sound (SOS, m s-1) and broadband ultrasound attenuation (BUA, dB MHz-1); and phalanges of the hand--DBM Sonic 1200 which measures amplitude-dependent speed of sound (AD-SOS, m s-1)). CV% for mandibular measurements was 2.06%. m-BMD correlated significantly with the following measurements: femoral neck r = 0.39, p < 0.01; Ward's r = 0.39, p < 0.01; calcaneal BUA r = 0.39, p < 0.01; and phalangeal AD-SOS r = 0.4, p < 0.01. Negative correlation consistent with a significant decrease with age was observed in m-BMD (r = -0.36, p < 0.05) and AD-SOS (r = -0.4, p < 0.01). BMD in the mandible also decreased with YSM (r = -0.47, p < 0.01). m-BMD was correlated with age, YSM, height and weight in stepwise, multiple, linear regression analysis. The following equation was obtained: m-BMD = -2.21 + 0.018 x height (cm) -0.02 x YSM (years) + 0.13 x age (years). It may be concluded that mandibular BMD may be an appropriate measurement site for the evaluation of skeletal status in osteoporosis.

Absorptiometry, Photon↗
PubMed1999

Quantitative ultrasound of phalanges and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry of forearm and hand in patients with end-stage renal failure treated with dialysis.

The aim of the study was to evaluate the usefulness of quantitative ultrasound (QUS) measurement of the proximal phalanges of the hand in patients with end-stage renal failure (ESRF) treated with dialysis, and to compare results of this method with those from dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) of hands and forearms (shaft and ultradistal site). Forty-one men aged 48.1 +/- 11.7 years and 31 women aged 43.1 +/- 12.3 years were examined. Mean QUS values of the hands in men and women with ESRF were significantly lower than the values of the healthy control group. There was a significant positive correlation between QUS and DXA of fingers, hands and also forearms, more pronounced in the shaft than in the ultradistal site. There was no significant difference in the measurements of extremities with or without a fistula. We conclude that QUS measurements are decreased in patients with ESRF treated with dialysis, and they correlate with DXA results. The simplicity of QUS makes it a valuable method in everyday practice. The clinical significance of the QUS results in these patients with ESRF treated with dialysis needs further investigation.

Absorptiometry, Photon↗
PubMed1999

Ultrasound measurements at the calcaneus in men: differences between healthy and fractured persons and the influence of age and anthropometric features on ultrasound parameters.

The aim of this cross-sectional study was to assess the ability of quantitative ultrasound at the calcaneus to discriminate between fractured and unfractured men, fracture probability, and the relationship of ultrasonic parameters to age and body size. The study included 224 men (age range 36-86 years) with no history of diseases or therapy affecting bone metabolism. The subjects were divided into two groups (unfractured, n = 148; fractured, n = 76) matched for age and body size. Bone status was assessed by ultrasound measurements at the calcaneus. Long-term in vitro CV% values were 0.88% for speed of sound (SOS) and 0.54% for broadband ultrasound attenuation (BUA). In vivo CV% values were 0.33% for SOS and 2.48% for BUA, while sCV% values were 4.66% and 6.58%, respectively. The following SOS/BUA values were obtained: in unfractured men, SOS = 1517.5 +/- 35.3 m/s and BUA = 114.0 +/- 13.3 dB/MHz; in fractured men, SOS = 1492.6 +/- 24.6 m/s and BUA = 106.1 +/- 11.6 dB/MHz. The differences were significant (p<0.0001). The odds ratio for BUA for all fractures was 1.05 (95% CI, 0.03-2.07) and for SOS 2.13 (95% CI, 0.77-3.49). Only the age-related decrease in SOS in unfractured men was significant (r = -0.17, p<0.05). In fractured men, weight and body mass index (BMI) were found to correlate significantly with BUA (r = 0.31, p = 0.007, r = 0.31, p = 0.007, respectively). The areas under receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curves were 0.706 for SOS and 0.665 for BUA. Ultrasound measurements at the calcaneus thus enable discrimination between fractured and healthy males. Different patterns of the relationship between age and body size in the two groups suggest the presence of other, unknown factors affecting bone status. Their identification requires further prospective studies.

Aged↗
PubMed1999

Ultrasonic measurement of the calcaneus in Polish normal and osteoporotic women and men.

In this cross-sectional study, 964 subjects (740 postmenopausal women and 224 men) who underwent ultrasound measurement of the calcaneus at the outpatient osteoporotic clinic in the years 1993-1996 were evaluated. The aim of the study was to compare the influence of age, years since menopause (YSM), and body size on ultrasound variables in normal and osteoporotic male and female populations as well as to assess the ability of quantitative ultrasound (qUS) to discriminate between healthy and osteoporotic individuals. The subjects were divided into four age-matched groups: normal women (n = 601, mean age 56.3 +/- 4.8 years); osteoporotic women (n = 139, mean age 56.5 +/- 4.8 years); normal men (n = 148, mean age 56.2 +/- 10.2 years); and osteoporotic men (n = 76, mean age 56.5 +/- 10.7 years). Persons with a history of a disease and/or medications known to affect bone metabolism were excluded. Broadband ultrasound attenuation (BUA, in decibels per megahertz) and speed of sound (SOS, in meters per second) were measured using Achilles device (Lunar, Madison, WI). Short- and long-term in vitro coefficients of variation (CVs) were: 1.23% and 0.54% for BUA and 0.12% and 0.14% for SOS, respectively. Short-term in vivo CVs were: in women, BUA 1.8% and SOS 0.22%; and, in men, 2.48% and 0.33%, respectively. SOS and BUA values were significantly higher in healthy men (1517.5 +/- 35.3 m/sec, 114.0 +/- 13.3 dB/MHz) than in healthy women (1511.1 +/- 25.6 m/sec, 108.7 +/- 9.5 dB/MHz) (p < 0.000001). The two ultrasound variables had higher values in osteoporotic men (SOS = 1492.6 +/- 24.6 m/sec, BUA = 106.1 +/- 11.6 dB/MHz) in comparison to osteoporotic women (SOS = 1490.4 +/- 19.5 m/sec, BUA = 103.2 +/- 8.6 dB/MHz), but the differences did not achieve significance. In both genders, ultrasound parameters were significantly lower in osteoporotic groups (p < 0.000001). The following age-adjusted odds ratios were obtained: in women, 1.7 (95% CI 1.42-2.03) for BUA, and 2.3 (95% CI 1.87-2.81) for SOS; in men, 1.05 (95% CI 0.03-2.07) for BUA, and 2.13 (95% CI 0.77-3.49) for SOS. ROC analyses performed in both genders showed the following area under the curve data: in women, 0.66 for BUA, and 0.74 for SOS; and, in men, 0.66 for BUA, and 0.71 for SOS. Multiple regression analysis showed age to be the main negative determinant of both ultrasound variables in healthy women, and YSM in osteoporotic women. In both genders, weight was found to have a positive influence on SOS and BUA values, whereas the effect of height was weaker and generally negative. It can be concluded that ultrasound measurement at the calcaneus is able to discriminate between normal male/female and osteoporotic male/female populations in a similar manner. Women had greater rates of decrease in BUA and SOS with age compared with rates in men, and the decrease was greater in normal individuals in both genders. Distinct gender-related differences were noted in regard to correlations of ultrasound parameters with body size.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

[Post-steroidal osteoporosis].

Pathogenesis of corticosteroid-induced osteoporosis and an influence of several forms of these drugs on bone mineral density were presented. Principles of prevention and treatment of this type of osteoporosis were described. Among the drugs studied, calcitonin, bisphosphonates, calcium, vitamin D and hormonal replacement therapy in women appear to be most consistently effective in increasing bone density. It is also important to modify risk factors of osteoporosis (increased physical activity, diet rich in calcium, discontinuation of smoking, avoidance of excess alcohol intake).

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed1998

Bone status assessed by quantitative ultrasound in healthy postmenopausal Polish women: normative data.

In this study, ultrasound measurements of the calcaneus of 712 healthy postmenopausal Polish women aged 50-85 years (mean age 59.5 years) were performed. Broadband ultrasound attenuation (BUA) and speed of sound (SOS) were obtained with a Lunar Achilles machine. The women in the study were volunteers evaluated at the Osteoporotic Centre for screening purposes. The results showed a decrease in ultrasound values within the age range 52-74 years for BUA (9.8%) and SOS (1.9%). Simple linear regression analysis showed a negative, significant correlation with age for BUA (r=-0.36) and SOS (r=-0.38). Years since menopause (YSM) showed significant correlations with BUA and SOS (r=-0.33 and -0.35, respectively). Using multiple regression analysis, the following equations were obtained: BUA=66.04 - 0.31Age + 0.06Weight - 0.18 YSM + 0.27Height + 0.52 Body mass index and SOS=1547.17 - 1.02Age + 0.38Weight - 0.48 YSM. Several weak, but significant, correlations between ultrasound values and weight, height and body mass were noted (r ranged from 0.09 to -0.29). A decrease of ultrasound values was expressed mainly in the first 6-10 years of the postmenopause period. The pattern of this decrease was similar to data published by other authors, but values in postmenopausal Polish women are slightly lower.

Aged↗
PubMed1998

Ultrasound measurement of proximal phalanges in a normal Polish female population.

In this cross-sectional study 954 Polish healthy women aged 30-80 years were evaluated (mean age 50.8 +/- 8.9 years). Among them were 460 premenopausal (mean age 44.4 +/- 5.5 years) and 494 postmenopausal women (mean age 56.8 +/- 7.2 years). Women suffering from diseases known to affect bone metabolism and/or treated with drugs that affect bone tissue were excluded. All women were volunteers from six towns in the south of Poland, who underwent bone measurements for screening purposes. Bone status was assessed using an ultrasound device (DBM Sonic 1200, Igea, Italy) that measures amplitude-dependent speed of sound (AD-SoS) in metres per second. Phalanges (II-V) of the non-dominant hand were measured and an average value was computed. In vivo short-term precision was 0.49% for intraobserver, and 0.42% for interobserver measurements. Mean AD-SoS values were: in the whole group, 1974.6 +/- 90.7 m/s; in premenopausal women, 2032.1 +/- 50.0 m/s; and in postmenopausal women, 1921.0 +/- 87.3 m/s (p < 0.0001). The mean decrease in AD-SoS value in the studied population was 6.1 m/s per year. Simple linear regression analysis showed significant, negative correlations between age and AD-SoS: in the whole group r = -0.70 (p < 0.0001); in pre- and postmenopausal women, r = -0.29 (p < 0.0001) and r = -0.58 (p < 0.0001), respectively. Years since menopause (YSM) showed a significant influence on AD-SoS: linear correlation in the whole group resulted in a value of r = -0.59 (p < 0.0001) and in the group of postmenopausal women in a value of r = -0.57 (p < 0.0001). AD-SoS decreased in the first 8 YSM by 5.1% (0.63%/year) and in the next 15 YSM by 5.44% (0.36%/year). In postmenopausal women mean AD-SoS was regressed simultaneously on age and YSM, resulting in AD-SoS = 2181.0 - 4.031 x Age - 3.911 x YSM. In conclusion, ultrasound measurements of proximal phalanges were found to enable detection of age- and YSM-related skeletal changes in a Polish healthy female population. Results obtained in this study showed a premenopausal decrease in the ultrasound parameter (not observed by other authors) and an AD-SoS value lower than those in French, Italian and Spanish populations. The premenopausal decline in AD-SoS, the most important observation, requires further longitudinal investigations to determine factors affecting the skeleton before menopause.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Ultrasound measurements of proximal phalanges in Polish early postmenopausal women.

The aim of this cross-sectional study was to evaluate skeletal status in Polish early postmenopausal women using ultrasound measurement at the proximal phalanges of the hand. We assessed the ability of the method to discriminate between healthy and osteoporotic individuals, the influence of age and menopause on ultrasound values, the impact of hormone replacement therapy and the relationships between ultrasound measurement and type of fracture. Five hundred and three early postmenopausal women were divided into three groups: (1) healthy (n = 398, mean age 53.4 years), (2) fractured (n = 43, mean age 53.9 years), (3) treated with estrogens (n = 62, mean age 53.5 years). Groups were matched for age and years since menopause (YSM). Group 2 was subdivided into those with and without wrist fracture. No drugs except estrogens were used by the subjects studied and no diseases known to affect bone metabolism were observed. Bone status was assessed by a DBM Sonic 1200 (Igea, Italy), a device that measures amplitude-dependent speed of sound (AD-SoS) at the proximal phalanges II-V of the hand. AD-SoS had the highest value in estrogen-treated women (1996.5 +/- 66.5 m/s), the lowest in fractured persons (1883.6 +/- 77.1 m/s) and a medium value in healthy women (1949.2 +/- 78.0 m/s). All values were significantly different from each other (p < 0.0001). AD-SoS values for the subgroups of group 2 were 1873.0 +/- 80.6 m/s for those with wrist fracture and 1914.0 +/- 73.0 m/s for those without; they were not statistically different. The hypothesis that AD-SoS at the proximal phalanges might be more sensitive to wrist fracture was not confirmed by Fisher's exact test for frequencies. Linear regression showed age-related changes, with r values -0.4 (p < 0.00001), -0.47 (p < 0.005), -0.37 (p < 0.005), and YSM-related changes, with r values of -0.44 (p < 0.00001), -0.32 (p < 0.005), and -0.18 (NS) in groups 1, 2 and 3, respectively. It is concluded that: (1) ultrasound measurements of the proximal phalanges were able to discriminate between healthy and osteoporotic individuals; (2) the method is useful in detecting age and postmenopause-related changes within the skeleton; and (3) hormone replacement therapy significantly reduced the impact of the menopause on bone loss as detected by ultrasound.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1998

[The influence of thyroid diseases and their treatment on the development of osteoporosis].

Thyroid diseases and their treatment may influence osseous system. This work deals the problem of hyperthyreosis, hypothyreosis and thyroid hormones therapy with osteoporosis. There is reduced bone mass in hyperthyroid patients. Process of restoring lost bone matrix is not reached with euthyroid state, but lasts longer. Changes in bone mass in hypothyreosis are not of such clinical significance as in hyperthyreosis. Other problem is an influence of thyroid hormones therapy on mineral bone density. Data from literature dealing with this problem are divergent. Control thyroxin therapy with TSH level in normal range may diminish unprofitable influence on bone. Early diagnosis of osteoporosis has also substantial importance. Non-invasive methods play an important role.

Bone Density↗
PubMed1997

Bone status after long-term anticonvulsant therapy in epileptic patients: evaluation using quantitative ultrasound of calcaneus and phalanges.

The bone status of 25 epileptic female patients on long-term (mean 19 y) anticonvulsant therapy was investigated using quantitative ultrasound of the calcaneus (Lunar Achilles) and phalanges (Igea DBM Sonic 1200). Comparisons were made with a control group of 43 normal healthy women. Radiogrammetric measurements of the second metacarpal bone were also made in the epileptic patients. While all of the ultrasonic parameters were reduced in the epileptic group, differences only achieved statistical significance for speed of sound (SOS) at the phalanges. Phalangeal SOS correlated significantly with cortical thickness of the second metacarpal bone (r = 0.44, p < 0.05). The data suggest that long-term anticonvulsant therapy is associated with significant cortical bone loss. Quantitative ultrasound may have a role in monitoring bone loss in epileptic patients and in guiding suitable preventive therapy.

Adult↗