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Biomedical subjects

W Ponhold

Publications and source records attributed to W Ponhold.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

[Diffuse xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis in childhood].

Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis is a rare disease and rare cause of suppurative proliferative pseudotumor in children. An accurate diagnosis is difficult because of its clinical, radiological, sonographical and pathologic-anatomical similarities to renal tuberculosis. After removing the diseased kidney the prognosis is excellent. A 6-year old boy with xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis is reported.

Child↗
PubMed1987

[Relation between pulsed and continuous Doppler velocimetry of the anterior cerebral artery in newborn infants].

Continuous wave (cw) and pulsed wave (pw) Doppler velocimetry are both used to measure blood flow velocity in cerebral arteries. We examined whether data obtained with the two methods are interchangeable and equally useful for clinical application. We studied 20 infants at an age between 1 day and 2 1/2 months and a body weight between 1.2 and 3.4 kg. Cw Doppler measurements were performed using an Angiomatic (Medimatic) and pw measurements using a Mark 600 Duplex Scanner (ATL). We applied both methods within an interval as short as possible. For the data analysis the pulsatility index (PI) was used, a parameter fairly independent of the emission angle. PI was 0.66 +/- 0.06 (mean +/- SD) using the cw and 0.8 +/- 0.08 using the pw method. The linear correlation between the pulsatility indices obtained with the cw and the pw method respectively was statistically significant (r = 0.53, n = 20, p less than 0.0025), the variation around the regression line rather large. The slope of the regression line differed significantly from that of the identity line (y = 0.391x + 0.54). Therefore the PI values obtained with the two methods are not interchangable and require to be judged according to normal values. Both methods, however, yield PI values which correlate and can thus be equally used. The choice of the method rather depends on the goal to be achieved. The pw method seems to be more suitable for precise momentaneous descriptions and the cw method for continuous monitoring of cerebral blood flow.

Blood Flow Velocity↗
PubMed1987

[Effect of vesicoureteral reflux on kidney density in children].

In 59 children with vesicoureteric reflux (VUR) renal echogenicity was analyzed. The density of the kidneys increase with the intensity of the VUR. The children with VUR grade 1 and 2 mainly showed a normal report. In 50% of the cases with VUR grade 3, a normal report was also found, whereas in the other 50% echogenicity was increased to 1 and 2. Highly significant increases in renal density were seen in ultrasound in children with VUR grade 4-5.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1987

[Roentgen changes in thoracic images in children given leucocyte concentrates].

The cardiac and pulmonary changes on chest X-ray of 12 children with a therapy of transfusions with granulocytes were analyzed. Elevation of the diaphragma was found in all children. In a high percentage we found cardiomegaly and large patchy infiltrations. In a smaller number there were small pleural effusions, interstitial shadows and at least alveolar infiltrations. The possible pathogenic mechanisms for the development of these X-ray changes are discussed and the value of the X-ray is defined.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Acute renal failure in children. An ultrasonographic-clinical study.

Acute renal failure (ARF) may be due to obstructive uropathy or renal parenchymal disease. Twenty-five children with acute renal failure secondary to renal parenchymal disease underwent ultrasonographic examination of the kidneys. Changes of renal size and cortical echogenicity were correlated with renal function. All patients presented with bilaterally enlarged kidneys with the exception of those in the neonatal age group (12%). Improvement in renal function resulted in normalization of renal size. With regard to cortical echogenicity two groups were formed. Group A comprised 11 patients whose kidneys had the same echogenicity as the liver, while in group B the kidneys were more echogenic (14 patients). Cortical echogenicity was always increased. Determination of creatinine levels showed a statistically significant difference between group A (3.32 mg% +/- 1.40 S.D.) and group B (5.95 mg% +/- 1.96 S.D.), p less than 0.001. Changes in renal function were paralleled by rapid changes in renal size and cortical echogenicity.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1987

[Urolithiasis in pediatrics: analysis of 34 patients].

The increasing incidence of urolithiasis makes it important to report about 34 children with urolithiasis seen between 1976 and 1986 at the Department of Pediatrics, University Medical School Vienna. At the time of the first diagnosis 59 percent of the patients were less than 7 years of age; 62 percent of our patients were males. Recurrent chronic urinary tract infection in 32 percent, metabolic disorder (secondary hyperoxaluria 5, idiopathic hypercalciuria 3, cystinuria 2, hyperuricuria 2) in 27 percent were evaluated; in 13 patients the origin of calculi was idiopathic. Most infectious stones contained magnesium ammonium phosphate, most idiopathic stones calcium oxalate. In 21 patients (62%) surgical treatment, in one patient extracorporal shock wave lithotripsie was realized. Adequate metaphylaxis (general, dietetic, medicementous) can lower the rate of occurrence of stone formation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

[Familial juvenile nephronophthisis--a cause of chronic renal failure in childhood].

Familial juvenile nephronophthisis (FJN) represents an important cause of chronic renal insufficiency in the first two decades of life. Its frequency is reported to vary between 7 and 20% of all cases of terminal renal failure in childhood. Usually the onset is insidious, with polyuria, polydipsia and anaemia being the main clinical features. The diagnosis is based on clinical, laboratory and pathological findings. The purpose of our report is to emphasize the importance of this pathological entity with respect to the clinical symptoms and signs and diagnostic approach on the basis of the case reports of four patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

[Diagnosis of an aneurysm of the great cerebral vein of Galen using duplex sonography].

The combination of two-dimensional sonography of the skull and pulsed Doppler measurements (= Duplex-scan-technique) was used to detect an aneurysm of the vein of Galen in a three months old infant, who presented with clinical signs of congestive heart failure. Excellent correlation of sonography with computed tomography and intravenous digital subtraction angiography could be demonstrated. A short review of the pathological and clinical findings of this lesion is given. The value of Duplex-scanning in the diagnostic approach of arterio-venous malformations of the brain in comparison with other radiological methods is discussed.

Cerebral Veins↗
PubMed1985

[Sonographic demonstration of an unusual bladder wall enlargement in a child with non-Hodgkin lymphoma].

An enlargement of the wall of the urinary bladder up to 1.5 cm is described within the course of a Non Hodgkin Lymphoma of a 15 years old girl. The development of a spastic neurogenic bladder is most probable due to tumour infiltration into the spinal cord. An additional factor for the enlargement of the bladder wall is a massive fungus cystitis. A cystotatica induced (Vindesin) neurogenic bladder as another cause for the development of this bladder change cannot excluded completely, but this is very unprobable. The cystography is the method of choice in the morphological evaluation of the bladder mucosa, whereas the sonography can visualize the bladder wall directly. This method has a high value in the diagnosis and follow up of pathologic changes of the urinary bladder in children.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

[Allergic alveolitis in cow milk allergy].

The case history of a 12 months old boy with recurrent pneumonia following ingestion of cow's milk is described. After receiving cow's milk containing formula he presented with fever, tachypnea, diffuse rales and crepitations over both lungs. The chest X-ray revealed marked bilateral alveolar shadows. A high titer of antibodies against the four major antigenic components of cow's milk protein was demonstrated by Ouchterlony's precipitation test and the fluorescent immunosorbent test. Withdrawal of cow's milk from the diet resulted in complete resolution of clinical and radiological findings.

Alveolitis, Extrinsic Allergic↗
PubMed1984

[Use of double-contrast examination of the small intestine in children].

Results of 28 double-contrast examinations of the small intestine in 19 children are described together with the technique employed. Pathological findings are seen in children with Crohn's disease. The radiological criteria of the healthy small intestine and the findings in case of Crohn's disease are described. This method should be used in children with suspicion of a morphological disease of the small intestine, especially in Crohn's disease, for first diagnosis and for follow-up, since it enables accurate interpretation of the findings. The double-contrast technique can help to largely avoid false-positive and false-negative x-ray findings. This justifies the relatively high effort.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

[Sonography of the uretero-vesical junction and the urinary bladder in children].

Sonography of the ureterovesical junction and of the urinary bladder is described on the basis of examinations of 41 children. This included all distended bladder walls, ureteral dilations, ureteroceles and a rhabdomyosarcoma. Sonographic imaging presents difficulties in visualising ureters less than 6 mm wide, and in case of normal uretero-vesical junctions. Sonography cannot assess a versicoureteral reflux. Sonography should not be used in the first diagnosis of nephrourological changes as an alternative to radiological methods, since this may result in overlooking relevant curable changes in children. Sonography is particularly valuable in clarifying renal insufficiency and in following up children with nephrourological disease.

Adolescent↗