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Biomedical subjects

W Rösch

Publications and source records attributed to W Rösch.

At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

Intravenous 13-Nle-motilin increases the human lower esophageal sphincter pressure.

UNLABELLED: To elucidate whether, in principle, motilin could serve a role in LESP regulation, the effects of 13-norleucine-motilin (13-nle-m)-synthetic analogue of motilin and biologically just as active as the natural polypeptide-on LESP were investigated in normal subjects. LESP was monitored with the continual withdrawal method. Sets of tests: (1) i.v. pulse doses of 13-nle-m (0.05, 0.1, 0.2, and 0.4 mug/kg) were given to 6 subjects in random order on different days, (2) i.v. bolus injections of 0.6 mug/kg pentagastrin were given to elicit maximal LES contractions, (3) i.v. infusions of 13-nle-m (0.1, 0.2, and 0.4 mug/kg-h; doses doubling every 30 min) were used in 7 individuals, and (4) the effect of atropine infusion of 13-nle-m-stimulated LESP was studied in 6 subjects. RESULTS: (1) Graded i.v. pulse doses of 13-nle-m caused LESP to increase dose-dependently with maximum pressures exceeding basal levels by about 160% (p less than 0.01). After each bolus injection, peak values were achieved within 1-2 min followed by a steady decrease in LESP. (2) Maximum response to 0.4 mug/kg 13-nle-m was about 65% of that to 0.6 mug/kg pentagastrin. (3) i.v. infusions of varying doses of 13-nle-m caused a significant and dose-dependent increase in average LESP. (4) The stimulating effect of an i.v. pulse dose of 0.1 mug/kg 13-nle-m on LESP could be suppressed by concomitant atropine. CONCLUSION: the human LES is responsive, indeed, to exogenous motilin.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Relationship of plasma motilin response to lower esophageal sphincter pressure in man.

The effect of intraduodenal instillation of 0.1 N hydrochloric acid or 0.9% saline (control) on lower esophageal sphincter pressure (LESP) and plasma motilin concentrations was studied in five normal volunteers. After acid, LESP and plasma motilin rose concomitantly exceeding basal by about 80% (p less than 0.025) and 90% (p less than 0.05), respectively, at 3 to 4 minutes. Control values did not significantly differ throughout the test period from the mean basal level. These results are compatible with the view that the increase in LESP after duodenal acidification may be mediated by endogenously released motilin.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Bicarbonate and cyclic AMP content of pure human pancreatic juice in response to graded doses of synthetic secretin.

In seven healthy volunteers pure pancreatic juice was obtained by endoscopic cannulation of the papilla of Vater. Synthetic secretin was intravenously infused in doses doubled every 20 min. The volume of pancreatic juice was proportional to the log of the secretin dose. A significant rise (P less than 0.05) in pancreatic juice flow was elicited at a dose as low as 8.05 ng per kg per hr. Maximum flow rate approximating 250 mul per 5 min per kg of body weight was attained during infusion of 129 ng per kg per hr. At the same dose maximal bicarbonate outputs averaging 383 muEq per hr per kg of body weight were obtained, whereas bicarbonate ion concentration approached peak values (135 +/- 9 muEq per ml) at 32.2 ng per kg per hr. Bicarbonate concentrations showed a tendency to fall at supramaximal doses. The effect of increasing secretin doses on bicarbonate and cyclic AMP concentrations was remarkably similar (rs = 0.635, P less than 0.001) suggesting the participation of cyclic AMP in human pancreatic bicarbonate secretion.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Interaction of somatostatin and pentagastrin on lower oesophageal sphincter pressure (LESP) in man.

The effect of intravenous somatostatin on basal and gastrin-stimulated human lower esophageal sphincter pressure (LESP) was examined with the rapid pull-through technique. In a group of 7 healthy volunteers LESP was not influenced under basal conditions, but there was an augmented response to pulse-doses of pentagastrin (0.6 mug/kg) during infusion of somatostatin (250 mug/kg-h). The physiological importance of these findings still has to be evaluated.

Drug Synergism↗
PubMed1976

Clinical conference: Unusual course of chronic colitis.

Case presentation of a 35-year-old patient with a history of chronic colitis of 16 years duration. Crohn's disease in this patient involved the entire colon without skip lesions and without terminal ileitis. The course was complicated by recurrent erythema nodosum and wandering arthritis as well as sclerosing cholangitis and multifocal adenocarcinoma of the large bowel. Sclerosing cholangitis is a rare condition in Crohn's disease (1,8) whereas pericholangitis in liver biopsy specimen was diagnosed in prospective studies in 8 (7) to 30 (2) per cent. The same is true for carcinomas complicating granulomatous enterocolitis. In a recent review 36 cases of small bowel cancer (4) and 20 cases of colon cancer (5) were reported. Weedon et al. (9) calculated the risk of developing carcinoma to be 20 times greater in Crohn's enterocolitis than in a control population. Using life-table methods the 10-year probability of remaining cancer free was 99.7 per cent, the 20-year probability 97.2 per cent. In our patient the long-lasting history of Crohn's colitis with several minor complications and the multiplicity of colonic carcinomas speak in favor of a causal relationship between the chronic inflammation and the development of malignancy.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1975

[Efficacy of ultrasonography in pancreatic disorders compared to endoscopic retrograde pancreaticography (author's transl)].

To evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of ultrasonography in pancreatic disorders the results were compared with endoscopic retrograde pancreaticography in 140 II resection-retrograde cannulation of Vater's papilla was unsuccessful, examination of the pancreas was not possible in 20 patients with ultrasonography because of meteorism of severe adipositas. In 15 subjects the sonographic findings were equivocal. Out of 105 ultrasonic findings three were false-negative and 5 false-positive, whereas retrograde Wirsungography resulted in 9 false-negative and 2 false-positive interpretations. In 50 out of 67 cases of pancreatic disorders diagnosed by ultrasonography a further differentiation between malignant tumours and benign pseudotumours (pancreatitis or cyst) was possible. With respect to the diagnosis of pancreatic cysts ultrasonography was superior by 23 of 27 to retrograde pancreaticography (12 out of 27) since many cysts do not communicate with the ductal system. In comparison with the endoscopic method the risklessness and the low expenses have to be stressed. Both methods supplement each other, so that a high diagnostic accuracy is reached (more than 95 per cent).

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1975

[Gastric polyps: prognosis and treatment].

49 patients, previously treated for epithelial gastric polyps by resection or excision, were re-examined up to 22 years later. Except for those who had died of other diseases, in five histologically confirmed and in one a probable (radiologically) gastric carcinoma had been found. Three cases of gastric carcinoma without symptoms were discovered in the course of endoscopic follow-up examination. Two of these patients underwent radical operation (early carcinoma), while the third one proved to be inoperable. It is concluded that gastric polyps must be removed endoscopically or operatively and examined histologically: simple observation must be rejected. If the polyp is hyperplastic, local removal is sufficient. If there is a pure adenoma, two-third resection is essential. This is also true of hyperplasiogenic polyps if they are present in large numbers, while polypectomy is sufficient if solitary. Polyposis usually requires subtotal or total resection. Each patient with such polyps is exposed to a higher risk of gastric carcinoma. For this reason annual endoscopic control is necessary even if there are no symptoms.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1975

Is chronic gastritis a reversible process? Follow-up study of gastritis by step-wise biopsy.

In 36 patients step-wise biopsies of gastric mucosa were performed in 1971 and in 1974/75. A comparison of the histological changes revealed identical findings in 15, progression of superficial gastritis in 9 and regression of superficial gastritis in 7. In 5 patients regression of chronic atrophic gastritis was seen. In one patient an essentially normal mucosa was found in all biopsy specimens, in other patients parietal cells reappeared without any specific therapy.

Adult↗