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Biomedical subjects

W Raab

Publications and source records attributed to W Raab.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

[Adverse side effects of amalgam? An interdisciplinary study].

In an interdisciplinary study starting 2.5 years ago patients with various symptoms, which they associate with amalgam fillings, were examined. According to the first results of this study with 50 patients, the Hg-concentration in urine does correlate with the amount of amalgam fillings before and after taking DMPS (2,3-Dimercapto-1-propane-sulfonic-acid), but with a maximum of 66.4 micrograms Hg (24 h urine) the amounts of mobilization measured were significantly below toxicologically critical limits. Only in 3 patients did the individual immunological values (CD4/8 ratio, antinuclear antibodies) by far exceed standard values. In one case an allergy to amalgam is suspected. 40% of the patients showed a pathological psychiatric status (neurosis, depression, etc.). Another quarter had psychological problems like alcoholism or drug abuse. There is no reason at the moment to reject amalgam as filling material either because of the measured Hg-concentrations or because of any immunological or allergological findings.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Skin cleansing in health and disease.

Skin cleansing has to be considered as an important component of daily hygiene in normal skin and as an important part of therapy in diseased skin. The crucial point is the choice of the cleansing agent to be recommended as skin tolerance of detergents is sometimes low. The evaluation of cleansing products depends upon their cleansing action (detergent or adsorptive), on the general and specifically epidermal toxicity of the components, on the rinsability of the product, and on the amount and nature of the additives, e. g. perfume oils. The knowledge of all the above-mentioned points will help the cosmetic adviser as well as the dermatologist to make the right choice depending upon the actual condition of the skin.

Baths↗
PubMed1990

[Chances for the intraoral use of screen films?].

The development of film/screen combinations has reached a point where they can be used intraorally for many indications. Compared with the fastest non-screen films the dose can be reduced by the factor 8, at the moment. For a wide-spread clinical usage, however, practicable application techniques still have to be developed for the intraoral film/screen combination.

Humans↗
PubMed1989

[Occupational dermatoses: clinical picture, noxious compounds, prevention].

Various occupational substances may cause dermatological lesions. Toxic, toxic-degenerative and allergic eczemas have to be mentioned on the first hand. The prevention of dermatoses ranges among the most important tasks of occupational medicine. The first measure should be a minimization of the direct skin contact with dermatotoxic substances. Here, adequate cleaning products play an important part. --When working with potentially toxic substances, the use of protective devices must be recommended. There are two possibilities: wearing gloves or application of protective ointments. In both instances, numerous disadvantages have to be considered. The main point is the reduced quality of work. Recently, a foam product for external protection has been developed. Clinical experiments and first practical experiences permit the assumption that this foam product which forms a biphasic lattice in the outer layers of the stratum corneum may ameliorate the situation.

Dermatitis, Occupational↗
PubMed1989

[How can the male protect himself from HIV infection?].

HIV infection is primarily transmitted via white cells of the blood or sperm. The greatest risk of infection for the passive partner is anal intercourse with ejaculation. The only protection against this way of infection is the use of a special condom by the active partner. Heterosexual coitus carries only a less important risk of HIV infection for the man. Properly used, the condom protects both the man and his female partner against AIDS. In the case of condom failures (spillage, tears), this protection may by preserved through the use of a special condom coated with nonoxinol 9. Finally, in view of their increasing importance, modern condoms are discussed with regard to their production, quality and safety.

Contraceptive Devices, Male↗
PubMed1989

[The treatment of allergic diseases].

In allergies, causal and symptomatic treatments are possible. Among the causal measures, antigen elimination has to be mentioned on the first hand. If this is not possible (in pollinosis, in allergy to the house dust mite), hyposensitization is indicated. Effectiveness and undesirable actions of hyposensitization are discussed in detail. Glucocorticoids maybe used for the symptomatic relief of allergic symptoms. However, cautious use is advisable. In type I-allergies, histamine is the most important mediator. Therefore, inhibitors of mast cell degranulation and H1-blocking agents are the drugs of first choice. Non sedative acting compounds (astemizole, oxatomide, terfenadine) are preferred.

Bronchodilator Agents↗
PubMed1989

[Practically important allergies. An overview].

In this survey, the importance of the various allergic diseases in medical practice is outlined. Animal allergies which are on the increase and allergies against fungal spores are discussed in more detail as new data have been collected in recent years. In closing, some remarkes were made on professional allergic diseases.

Allergens↗
PubMed1989

[In vitro studies on the quality of proximal margins of Cermet fillings in posterior teeth].

Since Cerment-cement has been recommended also for Black's Class II cavities in posterior teeth, it was the goal of this study to compare its marginal adaptation with that of amalgam after alternating thermal loads. Black's Class II cavities were prepared in extracted premolar teeth and filled with amalgam or Cermet. Three different application techniques were used for the Cermet fillings: 1. syringe only, 2. syringe and amalgam plugger, 3. individual occlusal plugger. Before and after alternating thermal loads the proximal margins were studied by SEM using replicas. The poorest results were found in the Cermet fillings applied with the syringe only. In the other three groups the results were comparable. These findings suggest that cermet cement should not be applied with exclusive use of the syringe, but should always be additionally adapted with a plugger.

Bicuspid↗
PubMed1989

[Biochemistry, pharmacology and toxicology of urea].

In modern dermatology urea has two areas of application: --Applied topically urea is a pharmacologically active substance. It is moisturizing, keratolytic (in high concentrations only), desquamating, antipruritic, and antimicrobial. --Urea supplements and increases the effectivity of glucocorticoids, anthralin (dithranol) and tretinion. Urea-glucocorticoid combinations deserve special attention.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1988

[1 percent clindamycin phosphate solution versus 5 percent benzoyl peroxide gel in papulopustular acne].

In a multicenter study, 60 patients suffering from mainly moderate papulopustular acne were treated to pically either with 1% clindamycin phosphate in alcoholic solution or with 5% benzoyl peroxide gel, 30 patients each. During the treatment period of 9 weeks, clinical controls with lesion counts were performed every 3 weeks and after a 3 weeks follow-up. The therapeutic efficacy according to the reduction of papules and pustules was 72% in the benzoyl peroxide group and 73% in the clindamycin group, the latter showing significantly less side effects. On account of its good therapeutic results, we consider topical treatment with clindamycin phosphate an important alternative to systemic antibiotic or topical benzoyl peroxide therapy in acne.

Acne Vulgaris↗
PubMed1988

[Age-related heart function in patients with healthy hearts].

Left ventricular function was investigated at rest and during submaximal exercise in 191 healthy subjects, including 46 women, by means of radionuclide ventriculography (RNV). As global parameters of heart function, ejection fraction (EF) and maximal rates of volume change during systole (VS) and diastole (VD) as well as endsystolic volume (ESV) were determined. These parameters were calculated for four age groups with mean ages of 32, 45, 55, and 64 years, respectively. At rest, heart rate (HR), EF, VS, and ESV were not significantly different in all age groups, whereas VD decreased with increasing age from 3.3 +/- 0.6 s-1 to 2.6 +/- 0.6 s-1. During exercise, HR, EF, VS, and VD increased in all groups, but less in the elderly. The smaller increase of EF and VD could be accounted for by HR alone. VS was both HR- and age-dependent. The age dependence of VD (at rest) and VS (under exercise) may reflect a reduction of myocardial compliance with increasing age. Differences of EF and VS with respect to sex were not observed, whereas VD was slightly lower in males.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

The effects of analgesics on pain-related somatosensory evoked potentials.

Human cerebral evoked potentials can be employed to test the effectiveness of analgesics. In the present study, pain-related cortical responses were elicited by chemical stimulation of the nasal mucosa in combination with electrical stimulation of dental pulp. In alternating sequence, 16 series of 6 chemical and 6 electrical stimuli each were presented. Interstimulus and interseries intervals were 2 s and 50-60 s, respectively. Stimulus intensities were 54% carbon dioxide (v/v) and 4 dB over the electrical current threshold of 21-45 microA for noxious chemical and electrical stimulation, respectively. Four volunteers participated in the study. The EEG was recorded at 8 sites of the international 10-20 system. After each series of stimuli, the test subjects, using visual analogue scales, rated pain intensity relative to a single standard stimulus they had received initially. After running through the procedure once, without their noticing it, the subjects intravenously received 5 ml (2.5 g) metamizol or 5 ml 0.9% NaCl, which were slowly (over a period of 12 min) added to an infusion. The entire stimulation procedure was then repeated 10 min later. Whereas the evoked potentials clearly exhibited habituation effects due to stimulus repetition within a series, the latter were absent in the subjects' pain ratings. Despite the comparatively high i.v. dose of 2.5 g metamizol, pain ratings markedly different from those given under placebo were not observed. In contrast, potential amplitudes after metamizol administration exhibited a clear tendency towards smaller amplitudes in both types of stimulation. In addition, metamizol effects on pain rating could be demonstrated successfully by applying continual chemical stimulation.

Analgesics↗