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Biomedical subjects

W Raab

Publications and source records attributed to W Raab.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[In vitro studies on the quality of proximal margins of Cermet fillings in posterior teeth].

Since Cerment-cement has been recommended also for Black's Class II cavities in posterior teeth, it was the goal of this study to compare its marginal adaptation with that of amalgam after alternating thermal loads. Black's Class II cavities were prepared in extracted premolar teeth and filled with amalgam or Cermet. Three different application techniques were used for the Cermet fillings: 1. syringe only, 2. syringe and amalgam plugger, 3. individual occlusal plugger. Before and after alternating thermal loads the proximal margins were studied by SEM using replicas. The poorest results were found in the Cermet fillings applied with the syringe only. In the other three groups the results were comparable. These findings suggest that cermet cement should not be applied with exclusive use of the syringe, but should always be additionally adapted with a plugger.

Bicuspid↗
PubMed1989

[Biochemistry, pharmacology and toxicology of urea].

In modern dermatology urea has two areas of application: --Applied topically urea is a pharmacologically active substance. It is moisturizing, keratolytic (in high concentrations only), desquamating, antipruritic, and antimicrobial. --Urea supplements and increases the effectivity of glucocorticoids, anthralin (dithranol) and tretinion. Urea-glucocorticoid combinations deserve special attention.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1988

[1 percent clindamycin phosphate solution versus 5 percent benzoyl peroxide gel in papulopustular acne].

In a multicenter study, 60 patients suffering from mainly moderate papulopustular acne were treated to pically either with 1% clindamycin phosphate in alcoholic solution or with 5% benzoyl peroxide gel, 30 patients each. During the treatment period of 9 weeks, clinical controls with lesion counts were performed every 3 weeks and after a 3 weeks follow-up. The therapeutic efficacy according to the reduction of papules and pustules was 72% in the benzoyl peroxide group and 73% in the clindamycin group, the latter showing significantly less side effects. On account of its good therapeutic results, we consider topical treatment with clindamycin phosphate an important alternative to systemic antibiotic or topical benzoyl peroxide therapy in acne.

Acne Vulgaris↗
PubMed1988

[Age-related heart function in patients with healthy hearts].

Left ventricular function was investigated at rest and during submaximal exercise in 191 healthy subjects, including 46 women, by means of radionuclide ventriculography (RNV). As global parameters of heart function, ejection fraction (EF) and maximal rates of volume change during systole (VS) and diastole (VD) as well as endsystolic volume (ESV) were determined. These parameters were calculated for four age groups with mean ages of 32, 45, 55, and 64 years, respectively. At rest, heart rate (HR), EF, VS, and ESV were not significantly different in all age groups, whereas VD decreased with increasing age from 3.3 +/- 0.6 s-1 to 2.6 +/- 0.6 s-1. During exercise, HR, EF, VS, and VD increased in all groups, but less in the elderly. The smaller increase of EF and VD could be accounted for by HR alone. VS was both HR- and age-dependent. The age dependence of VD (at rest) and VS (under exercise) may reflect a reduction of myocardial compliance with increasing age. Differences of EF and VS with respect to sex were not observed, whereas VD was slightly lower in males.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

The effects of analgesics on pain-related somatosensory evoked potentials.

Human cerebral evoked potentials can be employed to test the effectiveness of analgesics. In the present study, pain-related cortical responses were elicited by chemical stimulation of the nasal mucosa in combination with electrical stimulation of dental pulp. In alternating sequence, 16 series of 6 chemical and 6 electrical stimuli each were presented. Interstimulus and interseries intervals were 2 s and 50-60 s, respectively. Stimulus intensities were 54% carbon dioxide (v/v) and 4 dB over the electrical current threshold of 21-45 microA for noxious chemical and electrical stimulation, respectively. Four volunteers participated in the study. The EEG was recorded at 8 sites of the international 10-20 system. After each series of stimuli, the test subjects, using visual analogue scales, rated pain intensity relative to a single standard stimulus they had received initially. After running through the procedure once, without their noticing it, the subjects intravenously received 5 ml (2.5 g) metamizol or 5 ml 0.9% NaCl, which were slowly (over a period of 12 min) added to an infusion. The entire stimulation procedure was then repeated 10 min later. Whereas the evoked potentials clearly exhibited habituation effects due to stimulus repetition within a series, the latter were absent in the subjects' pain ratings. Despite the comparatively high i.v. dose of 2.5 g metamizol, pain ratings markedly different from those given under placebo were not observed. In contrast, potential amplitudes after metamizol administration exhibited a clear tendency towards smaller amplitudes in both types of stimulation. In addition, metamizol effects on pain rating could be demonstrated successfully by applying continual chemical stimulation.

Analgesics↗
PubMed1984

[Psoriasis therapy with fumaric acid and fumaric acid esters].

Fumaric acid may not be regarded as an antipsoriatic drug. Beneficial effects on psoriatic lesions may be explained by secondary changes such as the acidification of gastric juice in cases of anacidity or hypacidity . Monoethylfumarate exerts true antipsoriatic activities but is by far too toxic for clinical use. Experimental investigations have confirmed an inhibitory action of the above-mentioned fumarate on nucleic acid synthesis and protein synthesis of PHA-stimulated human lymphocytes.

DNA↗
PubMed1981

[The activity of imidazole derivatives in the presence of human plasma (author's transl)].

By Warburg technique using yeasts and staphylococci, any decrease in antimicrobial activity of the imidazole derivatives could be excluded in the presence of human plasma. Econazole nitrate, the classical topical imidazole derivative, and ketoconazole, an oral active antifungal, were tested. The compatibility between imidazole derivatives and human plasma is of practical importance for obtaining optimal therapeutic results in treating human mycoses.

Antifungal Agents↗
PubMed1981

[Serum hydroxyproline parameter of collagen metabolism (author's transl)].

The serum hydroxyproline level enables a clinical assessment to be made of bone metabolism. A clinical-chemical method, which is described in detail, was applied in 50 control persons as well as in 76 patients with diseases of bones and/or joints. This method, which is a modification of the standard ion-exchange method of Goverde and Veenkamp for the determination of free hydroxyproline in serum, is readily applicable to mass routine laboratory usage and may be repeated ad libitum, thereby facilitating control follow-up of therapeutic response. The mean value of serum free hydroxyproline in the normal control group was 11.9 mu mol/1 (range: 6.86 to 16 mu mol/1), i.e. 1.56 mg/1 (range: 0.9 to 21 mg/1). The upper limit of normal values was calculated to be 15.5 mu mol/1 (2.0 mg/1), allowing a clear-cut differentiation from pathologically raised levels above this value.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Active absorption of hypoxanthine by lamb jejunum in vitro.

The kinetics of [3H]hypoxanthine entry into lamb mid-jejunum were measured using 2-min mucosal exposures. Mucosal hypoxanthine uptake occurred by a Na+- and energy-dependent saturable mechanism indicating that a carrier-mediated active transport process is involved. Inhibitory measurements indicate that hypoxanthine, adenosine, uracil and thymine complete for a common entry mechanism. Adenine, uric acid, allantoin and thymidine produced no significant inhibition of hypoxanthine entry. In additional experiments hypoxanthine was transported against a high concentration gradient from the mucosal to the serosal side of everted sacs of mid-jejunum. Therefore hypoxanthine appears to be absorbed by active transport from the lamb jejunum.

Animals↗