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Biomedical subjects

W Scharf

Publications and source records attributed to W Scharf.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

[Pressure measurements of pneumatically driven artificial ventricles].

In the mock circulation are investigated methods for pressure measurement developed especially for the application on artificial ventricles. They require the in-vivo-confirmation in the long-term experiment. An exact analysis of the pressure curves gives information about the absolute measuring values and also about the function of the pump itself, such as about the points of reaching the final positions of the pump membrane. Via a control related to this in the "full stroke" mode with ejection of the complete stroke volume, when the stand-still times of the membrane are minimized, in addition to this the atrial pressures and the cardiac output can be determined. Eventual non-linearities in the lower pressure region (less than or equal to 0.5 kPa) are not essential in the measurement of the ventricular pressure with amplitudes of 20-25 kPa on the left side and are not investigated in detail.

Assisted Circulation↗
PubMed1986

[Vascular and capsule-band reconstruction following knee joint dislocation].

This is a report about bilateral dislocations of the knee joints in one patient with arterial and venous stop because of endothelial lesions and thrombosis of the popliteal vessels on both sides. After reconstruction of circulation by means of vena saphena, the disrupted knee ligaments were also sutured. Large ventral exposure of the knee joint is recommended for both reconstruction of vessels and ligaments.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

[Pathophysiological investigations on the function of artificial hearts].

The mode of action of artificial hearts is in a wide range variable and to be adapted to different conditions of the circulatory systems. The direct regulative function of the peripheral circulation is restricted by the rigid ability of artificial hearts bound to motor drive parameters. Their great dependence on pre- and afterload already in normal calves presumes a harmonized functional capacity of the right and left ventricle. As to the situation in potential recipients of artificial hearts with considerably disturbed macro- and microhaemodynamics there are problems for the choice of suitable conditions of motor drive, in order to favour a right-left balance and an adequate volume. The substitution of the natural regulators by suitable sensors and the regulation of the artificial hearts according to haemodynamic controls and pump parameters, respectively, is necessary to achieve a balanced adequate ventricular function. This complex is subject of an intensive research.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

[Results of Slocum-Larson patellar bridling].

The Slocum and Larson's surgical repair of the laterally dislocating patella is described. The results of 32 operations are discussed, follow-up-time was one to four years. 25 patients have no problems and have full activity in sports. Two patients have femoropatellar pain in the operated and two in the non-operated knee joint; so they had no normal athletic activity but they had no subluxation pain. One patient had a recent traumatic dislocation of the patella in landing a backward salto. We have obtained good results by the method of Slocum and Larson compared with various techniques of transferring tibial tubercle. This operation can be used also in young patients without disadvantages being a mere soft tissue procedure. The importance of lateral release and VMO-plastik is emphasized.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

[Differentiated procedure in fractures of the coxal femur end in adults].

After own clinical observations a choice of surgical treatment in coxofemoral fractures is pointed out: Femoral neck fractures of stage Garden I will be stabilized by lag screws. For the rest of subcapital fractures we use lag screws or Smith-Peterson nailing for stabilization; only old patients without the possibility of mobilisation without weight-bearing after operation are treated by endoprosthesis of the hip. In Garden-IV-fractures and fracture-type Pauwels III indication for endoprosthesis is conditioned in most elderly patients. In basocervical and pertrochanteric fractures of younger patients a dynamic hip screw will be performed; in older patients we use elastic nails described by Simon-Weidner and Ender with good success. For stabilization of subtrochanteric fractures different operations dependent on type of fracture, bone-structure and general condition are used: elastic nails with or without wire-loops, interlocking nailing, Y-nail, dynamic hip screw, angled plate and compound internal fixation.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

[Anatomical separation and clinical importance of two different parts of the vastus medialis muscle].

In 32 corpses, either fresh or fixed, the deviations of the two heads (musculus vastus medialis longus and musculus vastus medialis obliquus) of the vastus medialis muscle from the long axis of the femur were measured. The deviations were between 15 and 18 degrees medially for the m. vastus medialis longus and between 46 and 52 degrees medially for the m. vastus medialis obliquus. Anatomical dissections of the vastus medialis muscle in 115 fixed thigh specimens could always demonstrate a clear separation between a long head of the muscle that inserts at the base (m. vastus medialis longus) and a short head (m. vastus medialis obliquus) that inserts at the medial margin of the patella. The plane of separation could be identified by a femoral nerve's branch in every case. In 17 instances the nerve's localization was superficial, in 57 in an areolar fascial plane, and in the depth between the muscles in 41 instances. The ramification of the femoral nerve's branch that runs along the separation plane showed four types of variation. With these investigations it was possible to distinguish between two individual heads of the vastus medialis muscle not only with regard to its function, but also to its anatomy.

Femoral Nerve↗
PubMed1984

[Electrotherapy of pain relief using the Tenzcare stimulator. A clinico-experimental study].

Electrotherapy was introduced into the aftercare programme for patients with serial rib fractures in the acute stage, shoulder injuries or fractures of the radius. Electrical stimulation was carried out with the Tenzcare Nr. 6240 apparatus. The results were significantly better in each of the three groups than in the respective control group. Patients after thorax trauma complained less of pain in the acute phase: there was less pulmonary secretion on X-ray and, on average, their blood gas values returned to normal three days earlier. None of them required assisted respiration. Patients with shoulder injuries or fractures of the radius complained less frequently of pain during physio-therapy after removal of their plaster casts. They attained their optimum range of movement on average ten and eight days earlier, respectively than the controls.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Treatment guidelines and results in severe open tibial fractures].

27 patients with compound fractures of the lower leg were treated according to the following scheme: Exact excision and surgical cleaning of the wound, reduction of the fragments without further exposure of the bone by additional incision, minimal osteosynthesis, stabilization by means of external fixation device and secondary closure of the accidental wound. During the last year we preferred the V-shaped arrangement in contrast to the tent shaped arrangement of the external fixation device as this minimizes the trauma to the extensor muscles of the foot. After external fixation combined with minimal osteosynthesis (n = 10) the patients had to stay in hospital for 6 weeks only. There was no infection at the incision of neither Steinmann-pins nor Schanz-screws and posttraumatic ostitis only in 1 case was seen. On an average only one secondary operation was necessary, a spongious bonegraft only at 3 patients. On an average the patients had the external fixation device for 5 months, bony union of the fracture was observed after 9 months. In case of external fixation without minimal osteosynthesis (n = 17) the patients had to stay in hospital for 16 weeks, 9 of them had infections at the incision of the Steinmann-pins, 9 of them developed posttraumatic ostitis with fistulae. On an average 4 secondary operations were necessary per patient and 9 patients needed a spongious bonegraft to get bony union of the fracture, which was reached on an average of 17 months.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

[Functional treatment method following patellar dislocations].

Acute, as well as recurrent, dislocations of the patella often are treated conservatively. However, an increasing number of authors are recommending early surgical treatment for primary, traumatic, as well as congenital, dislocations of the patella. The purpose of this report was to determine, which cases should be treated by operation or conservatively by a specific patellar protection program. This program includes four phases or rehabilitation: Phase I: Antiinflammatory measures (ice, compression and elevation, non steroidal medications), specific exercises (isometrics, straight leg raises with no weight, side leg raises with no weight), active range of motion, passive range of motion with no weights, flexibility of back, hip, hamstrings, quadriceps, ankle, groin and general exercises (swimming, general conditioning and opposite extremity program). Phase II: Continue isometric program, progressive-resistive program with ankle weights, continue flexibility program, lateral step-ups if terminal extension painful, eccentric isometrics if straight leg raises painful, continue swimming, may begin low resistance cycling if motion adequate. Phase III: Isotonic progressive-resistive exercise program, exercise to fatigue using weight or similar equipment (quadriceps, hamstrings, circuit exercises). Phase IV: Slow return to sports to develop specific neuromuscular skills at that sport, continued strength and endurance training. Continue weight machines and a full range of motion, running program, continued flexibility before and after athletic play.

Braces↗
PubMed1984

[Treatment of infected tibial fractures and pseudarthrosis using an external fixator].

The clinical course and the results of our treatment of 18 patients with External Fixator after infection or pseudarthrosis are demonstrated. On an average of 6.1 months the patients wore the external fixator, the time of consolidation of the fracture was 17.2 months from the accident. At the date of examination - 16 months to 10 years after removal the external fixator all fractures and pseudarthroses were united. Two patients still had a fistula three years after removal of the external fixator. Three patients had slight pain in the area of the former fracture or the complication-wound; disturbance of sensibility in the area of the scar and the meshgrafts were found at 11 patients. The mobility of the knee joint was nearly free in all patients, the mobility of the ankle joint was impaired in most of them.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

[Use of an external minifixator in severe open injuries of the hand].

Since January 1979 we have treated 14 patients at the 1st University Clinic of Traumatology in Vienna with the MFE described by Jaquet. The MFE was used mainly in severe open fractures of fingers and metacarpal bones. All 14 patients were examined for follow-up after a mean interval of 20 months. This method of treatment warrants minimal strain on the soft tissues while it ensures stability and optimal care of the wounds. Osseous consolidation was achieved in 13 of 14 patients; although one patient developed pseudarthrosis, he was, like 12 other patients, perfectly satisfied with the result of surgery. Only one patient was less satisfied by the result, as there was a rotational and axial deviation of 30 degrees between the fragments. However she refused operative correction, as the deviation does not interfere with her profession.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Rare indications for an external fixator].

Seldom indications for the use of external fixator are reported and illustrated. As a rule the damage to the pelvis is complex and it is often associated with a polytrauma; unstable pelvis injuries in some cases can be stabilised by external fixator by the method of Slätis. Examples of osteotaxis are given for the treatment of comminuted fractures or defect-pseudarthroses or after osteomyelitic bone damage of femur and humerus. In the treatment of multi-fragment fractures of the base of the radius and of the forearm the external fixation can also be used with good success. The external mini-fixator is a new way for external stabilization in hand surgery and can provide good results in comminuted fractures of the fingers and for finger-replantation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

[Tentative results after implantation of isoelastic cementless hip-joint socket].

During the 3 years from 1979-1981 in 3 Austrian Accident Departments, 196 isoelastic acetabular components for total hip replacements were implanted. 3 different models were used as components of the femoral head. 194 acetabula were implanted without cement. In two cases cement had to be used because of extreme porosity or protrusion. Follow-up examination of 178 patients after 14-48 months yielded a good clinical result in 161 cases. 16 patients reported occasional pain, 38 patients had a slightly positive and 16 a definitely positive Trendelenburg's sign. On X-ray film 48 patients showed no change in bone structure at the borderline between bone and implant. Sclerosis and increased density of the surrounding bone were observed more frequently than formation of radiolucent seams or cysts. No definite signs of loosening were seen.

Adult↗