PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

W Scharf

Publications and source records attributed to W Scharf.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

[Anatomical and mechanical studies of the extensor system of the knee joint].

The anterior thigh muscles were investigated with respect to their function in extending the knee joint and in patellar alignment . Anatomical dissections of the vastus medialis muscle in 115 fixed thigh-specimens could always demonstrate a clear separation between a long head of the muscle that inserts at the base ( VML ) and a short head ( VMO ) that inserts at the medial margin of the patella. The plane of separation could be identified by a femoral nerve's branch in every case. In 17 instances the nerve's localization was superficial, in 57 in an areolar fascial plane and in the depth between the muscles in 41 instances. The ramification of the femoral nerve's branch that runs along the separation plane showed four types of variation. The direction of pull of the individual heads of the quadriceps femoris muscle had different angulations from the long axis of the femur. These deviations were measured in 32 corpses, that were either fresh or fixed. The deviations were between 8 and 11 degrees medially and between 3 and 6 degrees anteriorly for the rectus femoris muscle (RF), between 12 and 16 degrees laterally for the vastus lateralis muscle (VL), between 15 and 18 degrees medially for the VML and between 46 and 52 degrees medially for the VMO . In every instance the direction of pull of the vastus intermedius muscle (VI) was parallel to the long axis of the femur. 28 fresh above-the-knee amputation specimens were used for strain tests of the extensor muscles as well as for measurements of tilting and shifting of the patella under a single strain. The strain tests of the VMO were carried out during the terminal phase of the knee-joint's extension and in order to assess its antagonistic function against the VL in various positions of the knee-joint. Furthermore the subluxation of the patella was measured after lateral and medial release and during single strain on VL or VML . The most effective extension was produced by pull in the direction of the VI as compared to other directions; single strain in the direction of each of the long extensor muscles always resulted in complete extension. Therefore loss of terminal extension cannot be due to the insufficiency of one single extensor muscle. Even with maximal weight loads pull in the direction of the VMO never achieved full extension, which indicates that the VMO does not contribute substantially to complete extension of the knee-joint.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Biomechanical Phenomena↗
PubMed1984

[Animal experiments using the left-ventricular-assist system].

The left ventricular assist device (LVAD) was tested in 27 sternotomied dogs using hemodynamic parameters. The left ventricular failure was attained by the starvation of the coronary vessels. The use of cannulae and ventriculi fitting for the size of the animals, and a diastolic vacuum were an essential premise for an effective support of the left heart. By variation of the latent period, the systole duration, and the operating pressures were selected for optimal pumping conditions. The effectiveness of the LVAD was shown by the detected pressure and flow parameters.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

[Local treatment of post-traumatic infections with debrisorb].

Debrisan is an highly hydrophilic dextran polymer in the form of dry, spheric beads. When dry Debrisan beads are placed on a wound, the wound secretions are sucked up into and between the beads. No crust is formed on the wound. Bacteria and granular substances are removed with the secretions. In a prospective study 20 patients were treated with Debrisan. 8 patients had local wound infections and there was a healing-up inert 6.1 days in every case. 12 patients with osteomyelitis had a poor result in 3 cases, because they had still fistulization after 10 days procedure. The treatment of osteomyelitis must be surgical in the first place. Debrisan may only have the character of an adjuvans.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Experiences with the femur head prosthesis in femoral neck fractures].

The clinical and radiological course of 117 patients with a femur head prosthesis and a medial fracture of the neck of the femur is reported. In 1981 the range of indications was extended, including now all types of fracture in the elderly except those fractures that are impacted or not dislocated. By the date of follow-up in summer 1982 68 patients had died. In 29 of these mobilization had failed at all because of their bad general state of health, whereas 39 patients were able to walk from one month up to four years before they eventually died. Follow-up of the 49 patients that are alive showed that 24 can walk without any support, whereas 21 have to use a walking-stick or crutches. The remaining four patients are unable to walk because of old age debility.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

[Late results after conservative treatment of juvenile leg fractures].

In 50 patients, who had had tibiofibular or isolated tibial fractures in childhood, we have done a clinical and radiological assessment after completion of growth. The length of both calves was compared exactly with orthoradiographic measurements. The length of the lower limbs was identical in 20 subjects and it differed by maximally two centimeters in 30 subjects, in twelve of which there was a residual deviation of the axis of five to nine degrees. From the comparison of the radiographs at the end of treatment and during the control examination it became clear that due to the continuing growth the axial deviations would decrease by maximally seven degrees in children under twelve whereas they would remain virtually constant after the age of twelve. Therefore axial deviations up to five degrees are acceptable in children under twelve years but they must be avoided after the age of twelve. Torsional dislocations must be corrected anyway. In children under twelve years lengthening occurs due to hyperemia of the epiphyseal junction. However, beyond twelve shortening of the fractured calf occurs. Therefore an initial shortening of maximally one centimeter is acceptable in children under twelve. But in older children the initial consolidation with an equal length of legs must be attempted in order to prevent a permanent difference in length after the completion of growth.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

[Surgical treatment of fresh injuries of the Achilles tendon].

We report 35 injuries of the Achilles tendon that have been operated on immediately. Clinical follow-up examinations of 23 patients showed the following results: very good and good in 19 cases, satisfactory in 3 cases and unsatisfactory in one case. Immediate surgery of an injury of the Achilles tendon is clearly preferable to conservative therapy. The functional and the cosmetic results are better after an interwoven Bunell's suture than after the interweaving with the plantaris muscle's tendon. Because of the high rate of infection we do not use the "fibrin adhesive" any more.

Achilles Tendon↗
PubMed1982

[Delayed union and pseudarthrosis of the carpal navicular: diagnosis and treatment (author's transl)].

Knowledge of the pathophysiological ways and the changes by roentgenogram after fracture of the carpal navicular makes it possible to get an exact diagnosis of the stage of the fracture. The diagnosis will show the way to the correct treatment. The results in 31 cases with an average follow-up of 15 years are presented. In our series it is pointed out that the real pseudarthrosis can only be healed by operative treatment. All 13 operatively treated pseudarthroses had healed by way of ossification and 11 patients without treatment still suffer from pseudarthroses. 10 of these 11 cases show later arthritic or degenerative changes. In cases of traumatic cysts primary operative treatment is preferred. Severe pre-existing arthritis with sclerosis requires a palliative operation in all cases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

[New classification of epiphyseal-plate injuries with regard to therapy and prognosis (author's transl)].

In this report a new simple classification of epiphyseal-plate injuries with regard to therapy and prognosis is pointed out. The classification can be used for each epiphysis and will be demonstrated on the injuries of the distal lower leg. Type I: There is complete separation of the epiphysis from the metaphysis without and with a metaphyseal fragment. The prognosis for growth is excellent after conservative or operative treatment. Type II: The fracture which is intraarticular (epiphyseal fragment) and the fracture across the full thickness of the epiphyseal plate and through a portion of the metaphysis needs accurate reduction. The prognosis for growth is good only after open operation. Type III: This relatively uncommon injury results from a very severe crushing force applied through the epiphysis to one area of the epiphyseal plate. The prognosis in this type is decidedly poor. The need for regular follow-up observation in these cases is obvious. At the end the good results of 40 patients after epiphyseal-plate injuries of the distal lower leg are presented.

Epiphyses↗
PubMed1982

[Late results of radius head resection].

The results after excision of the radial head were good and fair in every case. In our 15 re-examined patients we saw no poor results. Indications for excision were comminuted fractures and fractures of the radial neck without possibility of reduction. Two patients had subluxations of the distal radio-ulnar joint. The subluxations were no more than three millimeters of proximal displacement of the radius after injury. At follow-up the subluxations were no more than 5 millimeters. There was no correlation between the degree of subluxation and the presence of symptoms. Valgus deformity we saw in 12 of 15 cases at follow-up, but the patients had no limitations of motion, no instable elbow and no pain. Prosthesis implantation is not necessary at present because there are no poor end results after only excision.

Adolescent↗