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Biomedical subjects

W Sułkowski

Publications and source records attributed to W Sułkowski.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

[Preliminary results of otoacoustic emission measurement and standard values in young subjects with normal hearing. Part I: Measurement of spontaneous and click-evoked otoacoustic emissions (SOAE, EOAE)].

The paper reports results of measurement of spontaneous and click-evoked otoacoustic emissions in 44 subjects (male and female) with normal hearing capacity confirmed by tonal audiometry. Otoacoustic responses were recorded separately for each ear. Altogether 176 measurements were made; their results being subject to detailed quantitative and qualitative analysis. Then mean EOAE values were calculated as the function of frequency and intensity of the stimulating agent. The statistical analysis of results revealed insignificant differences in EOAE values in males and females and in responses from the right and left ear. The results should be regarded as a statistical probability of the standard in view of the significant differences between individual recordings of otoacoustic emissions. It is anticipated that EOAE measurements will be useful for identifying frequency range of normal hearing in healthy ears and in cases of pathology.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Electric response audiometry and compensational noise-induced hearing loss.

With the current epidemic of compensation claims for occupational noise-induced hearing loss, the number of claimants in whom hearing test results do not reflect the true hearing status still inexorably increase. The incidence of a such cases with feigned hearing loss is reported at between 20 and 25 per cent of all patients being tested. Searching for any reliable indicators useful in uantifying a valid hearing thresholds the authors present their own experience with the electric response audiometry (ERA) by the use of the Amplaid MK 10 system a series of 56 malingerers. A suggested test protocol including the click-evoked auditory brainstem responses (ABR) and the 40 Hz logon-evoked middle latency responses (MLR) is discussed as a promising method for determining a frequency-specific threshold.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

[Disturbances of hearing and balance in students starting their vocational education. Practical diagnostic and certification guidelines].

Hearing impairment and balance disturbances limit the ability to perform certain jobs and may cause accidents at work. Bearing this in mind a need for preventive examinations of young people starting their vocational education was discussed. Main causes as well as simple diagnostic techniques which facilitate to detect hearing and balance disturbances by physicians who certify the ability of students to undertake practical vocational education and employment were presented.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Oncoproteins as biomarkers of a preclinical form of cancer of the respiratory tract induced by environmental carcinogens.

Experimental data and clinical observations indicate that an increased expression of oncogenes or their point mutations play an essential role in the process of carcinogenesis. It was important to find out that environmental and occupational carcinogens activate cellular oncogenes and contribute to increased amounts or occurrence of mutated oncoproteins. The latter are responsible for activating mechanisms which further the neoplastic transformation of cells. The researches are mainly concerned about two oncoproteins: oncoprotein coded by the ras oncogene--called p21 protein and oncoprotein coded by the erbB-2 oncogene--called p185 protein. Investigations performed on neoplastic cells show that the neoplastic transformation process involves not only the afore-said oncogenes and their oncoproteins but also other oncogenes, and that the process itself required activating of more than one oncogene. At present, it is possible to use measurements of oncoproteins in the biological material which is easily available. Due to this fact, a number of works in which measurements of oncoproteins in blood serum were used to assess cancer risk in persons exposed to carcinogens present at the work place, have been published.

Biomarkers, Tumor↗
PubMed1993

[Mechanism of hearing. I. Efferent system of innervation of the organ of Corti].

The authors present some morphological, physiological and pathophysiological aspects of efferent system of innervation (i.e. olivocochlear system) of the organ of Corti. The cochlea is innervated by two different systems: 1) the medial efferent system which originates in the medial nucleus of the trapezoid body and synapses on outer hair cells, 2) the lateral efferent system which originates in the superior olivary nucleus and synapses on the dendrites of the auditory nerve under inner hair cells. An electrical stimulation as well as an acoustic stimulation of efferent fibers results in: a) suppression of the auditory nerve response (N1 amplitude reduction), b) increase in amplitude of cochlear microphonics and c) reduction of the endolymphatic potential. Due to presence of the crossed olivocochlear bundle, an ipsilateral stimulation of efferent fibers results in both ipsi- and contralateral response. Efferent fibers response is a feedback response to afferent fibers stimulation. There are some evidence that efferent system of innervation protects the cochlea against the effects of intense sound exposure.

Auditory Pathways↗
PubMed1992

[A case of unusual occupational allergy to bee venom].

The authors discuss an exceptional case of allergy to bee venom in a zoo-technician working on a morphological analysis of bees. During her work, the zoo-technician was repeatedly stung, initially with only small local reaction. After six-year period of work, the symptoms that followed stinging had all the characteristics of general oedema. Next years of exposure to bee venom resulted in collapse in the patient. Allergological examinations indicated work-related hypersensitivity to bee venom. The case history was supplemented with prophylactic recommendations. General principles of controlling the shock were provided.

Accidents, Occupational↗
PubMed1992

Auditory brainstem responses (ABR) in guinea pigs to loud tones noise: a preliminary study.

It is well known that exposure to intense acoustic stimuli can induce permanent damage to the tissues of the inner ear. In this study the technique of ABR measurement and the experimental animal model of acoustic trauma were presented. In forty 3 months old guinea pigs the hearing threshold was assessed using the ABR technique (Amplaid mk 10 system). The hearing thresholds ranged from 40 to 50 dB-pe-SPL (mean 45.26 dB, sd. 4.73). The mean latencies of the four most prominent peaks in the ABR pattern were also measured. Fourteen of animals were then exposed to a 1 kHz pure tone at different duration and stimulus level. The ABR threshold was measured immediately after exposure and 20 to 30 days later. The exposure at 112 dB for 2h caused the threshold shift in all guinea pigs varying from 25 to 65 dB. After 3-4 weeks of recovery time in all animals hearing threshold improved, in some animals reaching the pre-exposure level. We conclude that the ABR technique allows to measure precisely and with high reproducibility the hearing level in guinea pigs and also allows to estimate the threshold shift after exposure to noise.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

[A computerized system for the protection of the hearing of workers exposed to noise].

The periodical audiometric examinations carried out in order to identify persons with high susceptibility to acoustic trauma is very important in the hearing protection projects concerning workers occupationally exposed to noise. The authors present a computerized system which allows collection and analysis of the results of medical and audiometric examinations. Computer analysis of audiometric data helps to select and protect the workers with dynamic progression of hearing impairment. We believe that the hearing protection system we propose may improve medical care for the workers at risk.

Audiometry↗
PubMed1991

On the limitation of brainstem auditory evoked potentials for indication of susceptibility to noise.

The efficiency of Brainstem Auditory Evoked Potentials (BAEP) as an indicator of susceptibility to hazardous noise was investigated. In earlier studies, subjects were exposed to very intense occupational noise and temporary threshold shift (TTS) was produced by high intensity noise of 115 dB. Correlations between experimental TTS and the BAEP changes were investigated. BAEP indices, which significant correlations with the eventual hearing loss, were found. Similar criteria, which were found significant in the earlier work, were investigated in 94 industrial workers with normal hearing, without past exposure to noise, using a more moderate TTS-producing noise of 110 dB SPL. Under these conditions, no significant correlation between the noise susceptibility index and BAEP changes during TTS was found. The results of this study demonstrate the limitation of determining individual susceptibility to noise-induced hearing loss using BAEP. TTS-producing noise levels must be high enough. Their predictive value holds only for hearing losses typical of high intensity occupational exposures.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Effects of noise on cognitive processes of individuals in a laboratory experiment.

The effects of noise on information processing in perceptual and memory tasks, as well as time reaction to perceptual stimuli, were investigated in a laboratory experiment. Performance and heart rate in Information Processing Test, Simple and Choice Reaction Time tests and Stroop's test were evaluated at three levels of noise (silence, 75 dBA, 95 dBA). Individual noise sensitivity and noise-induced temporary threshold shift (NITTS) were also assessed. The results show that neither noise nor individual noise sensitivity, or NITTS, as separate factors have an influence on information processing and time reaction to perceptual stimuli. However, noise effects simple reaction time in interaction with individual noise sensitivity, and information processing--within experimental session duration. Experimental session duration was the one separate factor affecting information processing. Noise as a separate factor does not have an influence on task performance, however, it affects heart rate. The higher increase of noise-induced temporary threshold shift, the smaller the number of heart beats/minute was found.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Discrimination of slight changes in tone frequency applied in audiological diagnosis of noise-induced hearing impairment.

Investigations were carried out to examine the ability to differentiate low-grade changes in tone frequency in 58 subjects (116 ears) with noise-induced hearing impairment. The results were compared with those obtained in an age-matched group of healthy controls with normal hearing acuity. Statistically, the slight discrimination of frequency changes was found to be significantly worse in the group with noise-induced hearing impairment.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

The oxidative phenotype as a marker of individual predisposition to neoplasm induced by chemical carcinogens.

The authors present a review of literature showing that the variations in xenobiotic oxidation phenotype, in the presence of cytochromes P-450, may be responsible, to a certain extent, for the varied individual susceptibility to neoplasm induced by chemical carcinogens. The evidence collected revealed that in the human population, one may distinguish individuals with high cytochrome activity and those in whom this reaction is low or even absent.

Biomarkers, Tumor↗
PubMed1990

[Diseases of the upper respiratory tract in furniture industry workers].

A group consisting of 100 cabinet-makers (at average age of 44.6 +/- 12.8 years) employed at furniture manufacturing plants exposed to wood dust at concentrations exceeding several times (from 7 to 8 times) the hygienic standard was subject to examination. The higher, as compared to the data for general population, prevalence of chronic rhinitis , pharyngitis, laryngitis--among other--atrophic rhinitis and pharyngitis which occurred in 37% of examined population, increasing together with prolonging period of exposure was found. At the same time there have not been found any cases of allergy, nasal or nasal sinuses neoplasms which could be a result of exposure to wood dust.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Biochemical basis of the effect of organophosphate pesticides on humans].

The rapidly increasing use of organophosphorous compounds in everyday life causes that greater attention should be paid to the toxic effect exerted by these compounds on human organism. Acute toxic effects have been relatively well known whereas chronic effects require further studies. It is essential especially in view of progressive pollution of environment. The report presents data on the mechanism of action of organophosphorous compounds on human organism with particular regard to those effects which lead to the so called delayed neuropathy. The occurrence of that phenomenon as a result of single exposure to high concentrations of organophosphorous compounds as well as due to long-term exposure to the relatively low doses of those substances has been discussed.

Acetylcholinesterase↗
PubMed1989

[Bioactivation of xenobiotics by cytochrome P-448 and its role in the process of carcinogenesis].

The paper presents the general data concerning cytochrome P-448, as well as its participation in the formation of oxygen radicals and active metabolic intermediates, originated during xenobiotics' oxidation. Also, induction of synthesis of cytochrome P-448 (aromatic hydrocarbons hydroxylase), along with the role this phenomenon plays in the initiation of neoplastic process, are discussed.

Acetaminophen↗
PubMed1989

[Internal ear damage in vibration syndrome caused by local vibration].

Unlike with the vibration syndrome caused by general vibration whose clinical picture may exhibit internal ear impairments in the of hearing losses and vestibular disturbances, similar lesions in the vibration syndrome due to local vibration have not been confirmed explicitly. For better explanation of this issue, analysed were the results of audiometric and electronystagmographic (ENG) tests in a group of 40 otologically healthy++ men, in whom during 1986-1987 the angioneurotic vibration syndrome was diagnosed. The results were analysed considering subjects' age and duration of work in exposure; evaluation involved the increase in hearing thresholds for pure tones (audiometer Peters AP-6) and quantitative and qualitative changes in ENG records (electronystamograph Tonnies D-420 TS), calculating, among others, amplitudes and angular velocity of nystagmus slow phase. In 75% of subjects (30 persons) sensorineural hearing losses of different degree were found, mostly within the 3000-8000 Hz range, demonstrating a directly proportional dependence on the length of employment. Symptoms of vestibular disturbances in ENG records were detected in 57.2% (23) persons with marked predominance of the cases of vibration exposure over 10 years. The authors analyse mechanisms of the development of internal ear impairments in result of local vibration and concomitant noise.

Adult↗