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Biomedical subjects

Wojciech Pluskiewicz

Publications and source records attributed to Wojciech Pluskiewicz.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Tooth count in elderly women in relation to their skeletal status.

OBJECTIVES: Generalized bone loss may contribute to the development of tooth loss in elderly individuals. The aim of the study was to investigate the relationship of tooth count with hip and spine densitometry and phalangeal quantitative ultrasound (QUS) measurements and to compare skeletal status between women completely and partially edentulous and between women with caries or periodontal disease. METHODS: In the study, 67 postmenopausal women (37 edentulous and 30 with partial tooth loss) in the mean age of 62.8+/-7.2 years were evaluated. No reasons with potential influence on bone metabolism (chronic diseases or medications) were noted. In order to reveal the role of the factor underlying tooth loss, all patients were also divided into subjects with caries (n=27) and periodontal disease (n=40). Skeletal status was assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) at the hip and spine (bone mineral density-BMD [g/cm(2)]) and by QUS at the hand proximal phalanges (amplitude-dependent speed of sound-Ad-SoS [m/s]). RESULTS: Women completely and partially edentulous did not differ significantly but a tendency to have lower values in women completely edentulous was noted. Comparisons between women with caries and periodontitis also did not show any significant differences (except for significantly lower Z-score of Ad-SoS in women with caries). Tooth count correlated only with hip BMD: in the whole group (r=0.25-0.30, p=0.04-0.01) and in women with caries (r=0.45-0.51, p=0.02-0.006). In women with periodontitis tooth count correlated only with Ad-SoS (r=0.36, p=0.002). CONCLUSION: Associations between dental and skeletal status indicate that systemic bone loss in skeletal sites being mostly cortical may contribute to the tooth loss.

Absorptiometry, Photon↗
PubMed2006

Densitometric and quantitative ultrasound measurements and laboratory investigations in wheelchair-bound patients.

Skeletal status and laboratory investigations may be influenced by immobilization. Thirty-six wheelchair-bound subjects and 19 age-matched controls were evaluated using measurements of bone mineral density (BMD) at the calcaneus and forearm (PIXI, Madison, WI), amplitude-dependent speed of sound at the hand phalanges (quantitative ultrasound-DBM Sonic 1200, IGEA, Modena, Italy), carboxyterminal telopeptide of type I collagen and bone alkaline phosphatase. In the whole group and in the males, bone mineral density values were significantly lower in comparison with controls (calcaneus, forearm) and in females only for calcaneus. The duration of the disease significantly influenced the calcaneal bone mineral density data. Bone alkaline phosphatase was significantly lower in the patients than in the controls. Bone resorption had a negative influence on forearm BMD. Generally, skeletal and laboratory results were not affected by duration of the disease or reason for immobilization. In conclusion, in wheelchair-bound subjects, the skeletal status was affected and bone formation was depressed.

Absorptiometry, Photon↗
PubMed2006

Quantitative ultrasound at the hand phalanges in patients with acromegaly.

The aim of this study was assessment of skeletal status using quantitative ultrasound (QUS) at hand phalanges in patients with acromegaly. A group of 38 patients with acromegaly (27 women and 11 men) with a mean age of 57.21 +/- 9.85 years was compared with a control group of 44 men and 108 women matched for gender, age and body size. Amplitude-dependent speed of sound (Ad-SoS) at hand phalanges had lower values in patients with acromegaly than in controls, both in the entire group and in men and women, respectively. The positive correlation between Ad-SoS and height and the negative one between Ad-SoS and age was found in the entire group of patients with acromegaly. No correlations between Ad-SoS and time from diagnosis or duration of the symptoms were found. Age affected Ad-SoS significantly less in the entire patient group than in controls. Similarly, in women, age and body mass affected Ad-SoS less than in controls. A stepwise multiple regression analysis carried out in the patient group identified age as the only factor significantly influencing negatively the Ad-SoS value (regression equation: Ad-SoS (m/s) = 2124 m/s - 3.26 x age (years) [r2= 0.26, standard error of estimate = 55.1, p < 0.01]). In conclusion, our data demonstrate that, in patients with acromegaly, skeletal status assessed by QUS was affected. This could reflect the worsening of the mechanical properties of bones studied and the increased risk of fractures in other sites of the skeleton. The changes observed were not related to acromegaly-associated hypogonadism. Further studies to assess the role of QUS in acromegaly are necessary and fracture prevalence and risk ought to be established.

Acromegaly↗
PubMed2006

Longitudinal changes in ultrasound measurements: a parallel study in subjects with genetic disorders and healthy controls.

Disturbances in skeletal status in subjects with genetic disorder may increase their fracture risk. The aim of the study was longitudinal observation of phalangeal speed of sound changes across the bone over a period of 2 y in 24 patients (14 boys and 10 girls, mean age 9.63 +/- 1.8 y.) and 24 age-matched healthy controls (14 boys and 10 girls, mean age 9.65 +/- 1.71 y.). Weight and height did not differ between patients and controls at baseline and follow-up. Patients with the following disorders were evaluated: 7 with Down syndrome, 6 nonspecific mental retardations of unknown etiology, 5 Martin-Bell syndrome and 6 with other diseases. In patients and controls, no factors potentially influencing bone metabolism (except for genetic disorder) were present. Bone status was assessed by quantitative ultrasound at hand phalanges using DBM Sonic 1200 (IGEA, Carpi, Italy), which measures amplitude-dependent speed of sound (Ad-SoS [m/s]). At baseline, Ad-SoS and Z-score were significantly lower in patients than in controls (1892 +/- 51 m/s versus 1936 +/- 43 m/s, p < 0.01 and -1.47 +/- 1.43 versus -0.14 +/- 1.04, p < 0.001, respectively. In follow-up, Ad-SoS and Z-score increased significantly in patients (1892 +/- 51 m/s to 1934 +/- 48 m/s, p < 0.0001 and -1.47 +/- 1.43 to -0.76 +/- 1.00, p < 0.01, respectively) and in controls (1936 +/- 43 m/s to 1976 +/- 60 m/s and -0.14 +/- 1.04 to 0.31 +/- 1.08, p < 0.05, respectively). Follow-up Ad-SoS and Z-Score were significantly lower in patients (p < 0.01). Longitudinal changes in Ad-SoS, Z-score weight did not differ between patients and control, and height increased more in controls (13.2 +/- 2.8 cm versus 11.4 +/- 5.9 cm, p < 0.05)+). In patients, Ad-SoS increased by 42 m/s (2.22%), and in controls increased by 40 m/s (2.07%). Difference in Ad-SoS between patients and controls was 44 m/s at baseline and 42 m/s at follow-up. Using the value of the least significant change (LSC = 20.5 m/s), in 16 patients (67%) and in 18 controls (75%) Ad-SoS showed an increase greater than the LSC, in one control (4%) a decrease greater than the LSC and in rest of subjects studied remained unchanged (33% patients and 19% controls) over a period of observation. In conclusion, despite comparable improvement in measured ultrasound parameter in patients and controls observed over a study duration, the difference between them remained stable.

Bone Density↗
PubMed2006

Quantitative ultrasound and peripheral bone densitometry in patients with genetic disorders.

The aim of the study was comparison of quantitative ultrasound and densitometric peripheral measurements in subjects with genetic disorders. The study included 52 subjects (35 boys and 17 girls) in mean age 13.1 +/- 4.8 y. Patients with following disorders were evaluated: Down syndrome (n = 21), Martin-Bell syndrome (n = 14) and other (n = 17). There were no additional factors potentially influencing bone metabolism. Bone status was assessed by quantitative ultrasound at the hand phalanges using DBM Sonic 1200 (IGEA, Italy), which measures amplitude-dependent speed of sound (Ad-SoS [m/s]) and bone densitometry at the calcaneus and forearm by the use of PIXI (GE, USA), which measures bone mineral density (BMD, g/cm2). Ad-SoS correlated significantly with forearm and calcaneus BMD in the whole group (r = 0.66, p < 0.000001 and r = 0.51, p < 0.0001, respectively), in females (r = 0.58, p < 0.05 and r = 0.5, p < 0.05) and in males (r = 0.70, p < 0.000001 and r = 0.54, p < 0.001). Calcaneus BMD correlated with wrist BMD in the whole group, in females and males: r = 0.66, p < 0.000001, r = 0.67, p < 0.01 and r = 0.75, p < 0.0001, respectively. These coefficients of correlation were compared and did not reveal significant differences in the whole group and in the gender subgroups. ROC analysis of Ad-SoS values versus calcaneus and forearm BMD showed area under curve 0.89 for forearm BMD and 0.79 for calcaneus BMD (subjects with Ad-SoS T-score below -3.2 were considered as abnormal). Age correlated significantly with Ad-SoS, forearm and calcaneus BMD (r ranged from 0.53 to 0.9, p from 0.05 to 0.000001). In all patients and males, age more strongly influenced Ad-SoS than calcaneus BMD (p < 0.05). Also, body weight and height correlated significantly with Ad-SoS, forearm and calcaneus BMD, except for correlation between forearm BMD and height in female patients (r from 0.58 to 0.84, p < 0.05). Generally, in multiple stepwise regression analysis of age and body size on skeletal parameters, age had positive influence, and body size was a positive or a negative factor. In conclusion, both quantitative ultrasound and peripheral densitometry may be recommended for the assessment of skeletal status in subjects with genetic disorders, although measurements of phalanges seem to be more sensitive for detecting age-related bone changes.

Absorptiometry, Photon↗
PubMed2006

Quantitative ultrasound in monitoring of skeletal status in adults with end-stage renal disease.

The aim of the longitudinal study was to assess skeletal status in 29 subjects (18 males and 11 females) with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) being on regular hemodialysis. Control group consisted of 494 healthy subjects (305 males and 189 females). Skeletal status was evaluated by quantitative ultrasound measurements at the hand phalanges using DBM Sonic 1200 (IGEA, Carpi, Italy), which measures amplitude-dependent speed of sound (Ad-SoS, in m/s), performed three times: at the baseline, six and 12 months later. A precision expressed in root mean square-CV% was 0.72% in males and 0.43% in females. The values of Ad-SoS, T-score and Z-score at the baseline were significantly lower than in controls (p < 0.05). The mean values of Ad-SoS decreased over a period of observation; in the whole group from 1979 +/- 106 m/s to 1928 +/- 105 m/s, p < 0.0001, in males from 2003 +/- 93 m/s to 1949 +/- 111 m/s, p < 0.001 and in females from 1940 +/- 121 m/s to 1894 +/- 108 m/s, p < 0.05. Ad-SoS Z-scores dropped significantly over a period of the study in whole group (-1.14 +/- 1.64 to -2.08 +/- 2.26, p < 0.01), in males (-0.63 +/- 1.44 to -1.74 +/- 2.29, p < 0.0001) and in females nonsignificant decrease was observed. Using the least significant change (LSC) values for skeletal measurement, a decrease in Ad-SoS was noted in 15 subjects (52%). The values of PTH were over a normal limit. In the whole group main factors negatively influencing current Ad-SoS values were duration of dialysis, age and PTH. The skeletal status in subjects with ESRD on hemodialysis was seriously affected, and longitudinal measurements showed its aggravation over a time of the study.

Female↗
PubMed2005

Comparison of phalangeal ultrasound and dual energy X-ray absorptiometry in healthy male and female adolescents.

The aims of this study were to determine if there is a correlation between dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and phalangeal quantitative ultrasound (QUS) in identifying children and adolescents with low bone density, and to assess if body size influences the results of the two techniques to the same degree. Measurements were performed in 67 girls and 83 boys aged 14 to 19 y using DBM Sonic 1200 (IGEA, Carpi, Italy) and the DXA equipment (LUNAR Radiation Corp., Madison, WI, USA). Twelve adolescents (eight males and four females) reported a past history of nonosteoporotic fractures. Lumbar spine bone mineral density (LS BMD), total body bone mineral density (TB BMD) and total body bone mineral content (TB BMC) correlated positively with age, height, BMI and weight, in both genders. Amplitude-dependent speed of sound (Ad-SOS) was positively correlated with age, height and Tanner stages in both genders and negatively correlated with BMI in females. TB BMD, TB BMC and LS BMD positively correlated with Ad-SOS only in males. In females, there were no significant correlations between Ad-SOS, TB BMD, TB BMC and LS BMD measurements. Twelve teenagers with previous fractures (high impact fractures) were found to have lower DXA and QUS values than age-matched teenagers without fractures but the statistical significance was found only in relation to TB BMD values (p = 0.02). In conclusion, we obtained results similar to those that have been reported by other authors using different QUS techniques. Furthermore, the Ad-SOS measurements taken at the distal metaphysis of the proximal phalanges correlate poorly with LS BMD and TB BMD measured by DXA in growing subjects.

Absorptiometry, Photon↗
PubMed2005

[The frequency of osteoporosis diagnosis depending on the site and method of bone examination].

The aim of the study has been to evaluate how often osteoporosis is diagnosed in DEXA examination of the spinal column and proximal epiphysis of the femoral bone as well as in ultrasonography of the heel in a population group. The study comprised 536 post-menopausal women aged 54.36+/-10.91 years. A fracture in history was reported by 158 patients, including 57 fractures characteristic of osteoporosis (spinal column, forearm, proximal epiphysis of the femoral bone). Osteoporosis was diagnosed in 0.4% patients in the greater trochanter, in 1.5% in the neck of femur, in 7.8% in the Ward triangle, in 12.8% in the L1-L4 segment of the spine, and in as many as 36.2% in the calcaneal bone. Here, no abnormalities were found only in 14.2% of the patients. The frequency of positive osteoporosis diagnosis did not differ significantly between the groups with and without fractures in history. There was a correlation found between measurements results of the spine and the Ward triangle, and between the neck of femur and the greater trochanter. In the remaining DEXA measurements, the statistics values were a little beyond the critical ones. On the other hand, ultrasonographic diagnosis of osteoporosis in the heel did not correlate absolutely with those of DEXA. T-score in each measurement correlated with each other at r from 0.453 to 0.905, with the highest values when in DEXA. Comparing T-score in sonography of the heel with those of DEXA suggests that they have been overrated by one standard deviation. In conclusion, the frequency of osteoporosis diagnosis has been found to differ significantly depending on the method and site of measurement. The measurement discrepancy in various sites is substantial despite a high correlation between them. The paper's results suggest that it is necessary to work out other diagnostic criteria for the ultrasonographic examination of the heel.

Absorptiometry, Photon↗
PubMed2005

[Assessment of selected parameters measured on panoramic radiographs in postmenopausal women].

Osteoporosis and pathological bone fractures which are its consequences are a serious health problem of today's world. The aim of this study was to check if the picture of panoramic radiographs may contribute to early risk determination of this disease. The examination was carried out in women at the age 51-69. The group consisted of female patients, in whom, due to the lasting process of osteoporosis, the distal ephiphysis of radial bone was pathologically broken. The control group consisted of women who were volunteers and agreed to be examined. Density of bone tissue within the calcaneal bones was evaluated. In these female patients the panoramic radiographs were taken. The compacted substance of the base of mandible was assessed on both sides of the radigraph, distally from the mental foramen. Depending on the morphology of the compacted substance, the values of the MIC index were assigned to them. The value of PMI index was calculated. The results of the study were analysed statistically. Significant differences were indicated between parameters, which are derivatives of bone density and also statistically significant differences concerning the value of MIC index in both groups.

Aged↗
PubMed2004

Quantitative ultrasound at the hand phalanges in subjects with poor visual acuity.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was an assessment of skeletal status in a group of subjects with impaired vision. METHOD: 91 subjects with poor visual acuity (44 males, mean age: 61.4 +/- 10.9 years and 47 females, mean age: 61.3 +/- 16.8 years) were evaluated and compared with age-matched normal, healthy population (230 males and 964 females). Patients were recruited from members of Polish Blind Association and subjects living in a nursing home. In both patients and controls any reasons (medications or diseases) known to affect bone metabolism were not present. Skeletal status was assessed using the DBM Sonic 1200 (IGEA, Carpi, Italy) which measures amplitude-dependent speed of sound (Ad-SoS, m/s) at the hand phalanges. Binocular visual acuity was established using a Snellen chart. RESULTS: Mean binocular visual acuity was in males 0.09 +/- 0.14 and in females 0.179 +/- 0.2 and was significantly lower in males (P < 0.01). Place of stay (community or nursing home), previous fractures, and kind of work did not affect skeletal measurements. Ad-SoS, T-score, and Z-score in male patients were 1993 +/- 74 m/s, -1.89 +/- 1.05, and -0.97 +/- 1.03, respectively and were significantly higher than in male controls (1968 +/- 69 m/s, -2.25 +/- 0.99, and -1.29 +/- 0.92; P < 0.05. Ad-SoS, T-score, and Z-score in female patients were 1946 +/- 103 m/s, -2.54 +/- 1.5, and -0.7 +/- 1.05, respectively and did not differ significantly in comparison with data in control females (1946 +/- 75 m/s, -2.54 +/- 1.07, and -0.6 +/- 0.78). In both genders visual acuity did not correlate with Ad-SoS values. CONCLUSION: The association between poor visual acuity and skeletal status assessed by quantitative ultrasound (QUS) is dependent on gender and in females does not differ from controls; in males ultrasound parameter measured is even significantly higher than in male controls.

Accidental Falls↗
PubMed2004

Skeletal status in adolescents with end-stage renal failure: a longitudinal study.

In a longitudinal study, bone status was assessed in adolescents and young adults aged 15.3+/-3.4 years at the onset of the study with end-stage renal failure (ESRF). The group consisted of 18 subjects (11 females and seven males), of whom nine patients were on hemodialysis and nine patients on peritoneal dialysis. Six patients were previous or current glucocorticoid (GCS) users. Renal failure was recognized before 6.1+/-4.1 years, and dialysis was performed for 3.0+/-2.0 years. Follow-up took placed 8.6+/-0.8 and 21.7+/-2.5 months later, and the following data were collected: bone mineral density (BMD) at the spine (s-BMD) and total body (TB-BMD) using DPX-L (Lunar, USA); quantitative ultrasound by DBM 1200 (IGEA, Italy) at the hand phalanges (Amplitude-dependent Speed of Sound, Ad-SoS), serum concentration of i-PTH, total calcium, ionized calcium and phosphate. Tanner stages were also evaluated. The mean values of BMD measurements and Ad-SoS were stable during a period of observation, and a mean Z-score for TB-BMD was significantly lower at the third versus baseline value (-1.87+/-1.75 versus -1.49+/-1.53, P<0.05). Z-scores for s-BMD and Ad-SoS decreased non-significantly. Changes in s-BMD and TB-BMD Z-scores were influenced by changes in body size and changes in biochemical parameters, and a change in Ad-SoS Z-score was not dependent on these factors. The values of second (P<0.05) and third (P<0.01) s-BMD Z-score were significantly lower in GCS treated subjects, and longitudinal change in spine Z-score was greater in GCS treated patients versus others (P<0.05). Duration of ESRF, duration and type of dialysis and gender did not influence skeletal variables. Skeletal measurements correlated significantly with Tanner stages (besides the correlation with Ad-SoS in the first measurement, r ranged from 0.5 to 0.72, P<0.05), and changes in Tanner stages observed over a period of observation did not correlate with changes in skeletal variables. Among laboratory variables, the following non-significant tendencies to change were observed: serum concentration of i-PTH and phosphate increased, and total and ionized calcium decreased. In conclusion, adolescent subjects with ESRF treated with dialysis showed stable mean values of skeletal measurements, and these were expressed as Z-scores, a tendency to drop was observed. The lack of an increase observed in normal healthy subjects of the same age, and low values in Z-scores, indicates that skeletal status is seriously affected in subjects with ESRF.

Absorptiometry, Photon↗
PubMed2004

Quantitative ultrasound in the assessment of skeletal status in children and adolescents.

The aim of this study was to provide normative data for quantitative ultrasound (US) through the phalanges and to evaluate the influence of age and body size on Ad-SoS (amplitude-dependent speed-of-sound). Measurements were performed in 1020 healthy Polish children ages 7 to 19 years, using a DBM Sonic 1200 (IGEA, Carpi, Italy). The Ad-SoS increased with age in all studied subjects; in girls from 1926 to 2124 m/s and in boys from 1916 to 2114 m/s. The statistically significant increases in Ad-SoS values were noted between the ages of 10 and 16 years in girls and 13 and 18 years in boys. Correlations and regressions between Ad-SoS and age and body were dependent on the phases of growth. In stepwise multiple linear regression of Ad-SoS on age and body size, the following equations were obtained: in girls, Ad-SoS (m/s)=1843 + 18 x age (years) + 2.3 x weight (kg) - 9.4 x body mass index (BMI) (kg/m2), r=0.85, standard error of estimate (SEE)=42; and, in boys, Ad-SoS (m/s)=2443 + 14 x age (years) - 3.7 x height (cm) + 8.4 x weight (kg) - 24.8 x BMI (kg/m2), r=0.83, SEE=45. In conclusion, the study showed the ability of US measurements at hand phalanges to monitor the skeletal maturation during childhood and adolescence.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

Quantitative ultrasound at the hand phalanges in pregnancy: a longitudinal study.

In the prospective study, 48 females in normal pregnancy were evaluated to determine if the presence of disturbances of maternal bone and mineral status is related to fetal and newborn growth. The aim of the study was to estimate mean and individual changes in maternal skeletal and laboratory variables during pregnancy and their correlations with fetal and newborn sizes. Maternal bone and mineral status was assessed in first, second and third trimester by quantitative ultrasound (US), or QUS, at the hand phalanges (Ad-SoS [m/s]) performed by DBM Sonic 1200 (IGEA, Carpi, Italy) and laboratory investigations were collected (serum total calcium, total alkaline phosphatase and phosphate). The hypothesis that fetus growth and sizes of the newborn may have an influence on bone and mineral status in pregnancy was tested by the correlation of ultrasonographic fetal measurements and newborn sizes with changes in maternal QUS and biochemical data. Ad-SoS decreased significantly (p < 0.00001) and alkaline phosphatase increased significantly in second and third trimester of pregnancy (p < 0.01). A decrease in Ad-SoS greater than least significant change (LSC) was observed in 22 females (46%) during pregnancy. Changes in alkaline phosphatase correlated significantly with changes in Ad-SoS (r = -0.31, p < 0.05). Fetal ultrasonographic measurements (femur length and biparietal diameter) correlated significantly with changes in alkaline phosphatase (r ranged 0.31 to 0.56, p < 0.05). No significant correlations were observed between fetal ultrasonographic measurements (femur length and biparietal diameter) and newborn size with changes in Ad-SoS. In conclusion, the study revealed considerable changes in maternal bone and mineral status in normal pregnancy.

Adult↗