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Biomedical subjects

X Pinto

Publications and source records attributed to X Pinto.

6 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

[Apolipoprotein E polymorphism and coronary disease].

BACKGROUND: Apolipoprotein E (Apo E) plays an important role in atherogenesis. Apo E is polymorphic with three codominant alleles: *2, *3 and *4. Inthis study we evaluated the association between *4 allele and coronary heart disease in hypercholesterolemic subjects from Spain. SUBJECTS AND METHOD: We selected 389 subjects (56% women, mean age 57 years) with hypercholesterolemia who had been on a 6-weeks low fat, low cholesterol diet. Measurement of lipid and lipoprotein concentrations and determination of apoE genotype were carried out in a centralized laboratory. RESULTS: ApoE distribution was as follows: *2/*33%, *3/*3 75%, *3/*4 20%, *4/*4 1% and *2/*41%. Subjects were grouped into *4 (n = 83) or no *4 (n = 303) according to the presence or absence of the *4 allele. Three *2/*4 cases were excluded. Prevalence of coronary artery disease was 15.7% in *4 and 6.9% in no *4 (OR 2.49, 95% CI 1.19-5.22). The relationship persisted significant after correction for age, sex, cardiovascular risk factors and serum concentrations of total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol and triglycerides by multiple logistic regression analysis (OR2.56, 95% CI 1.03-6.39).Conclusión:In Spain, *4 carriers have a higher prevalence of coronary artery disease than no analysis *4 carriers.

Apolipoproteins E↗
PubMed2001

Lipid and lipoprotein levels in premenopausal systemic lupus erythematosus patients.

The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of dyslipoproteinemia and to analyze the clinical variables that are associated with it in a sample of premenopausal systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients. We studied 53 premenopausal (34.5 y) SLE outpatients and 45 controls. Clinical variables studied included patient age, weight, height, body mass index (BMI), age at disease onset, disease duration, clinical activity of SLE, renal involvement and drug therapy. Total cholesterol (TC), high- and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C and LDL-C), and triglycerides were measured using standard enzymatic techniques. Apolipoproteins (apo) A-I and B were determined by radial immunodiffusion. Twenty-nine patients (55%) and 14 controls (30%) had dyslipoproteinemia. An increase in TC, triglycerides, HDL3-C, apo A-I and apo B, and a decrease in HDL2-C and HDL-C/TC index was found in SLE patients in comparison with controls. TC (P = 0.007), apo B (P = 0.02), LDL-C (P = 0.03) and triglycerides (P = 0.0001) were significantly correlated with proteinuria. Patients on prednisone therapy had higher triglycerides levels (P = 0.03) than untreated patients. TC (P = 0.01), LDL-C (P = 0.006) and triglycerides (P = 0.04) were also correlated with the dose of prednisone. Dyslipoproteinemia is a common feature in adult SLE premenopausal patients which is characterized by an increase in TC, triglycerides and apo B, and an abnormal distribution of HDL subclasses. Corticosteroid therapy and proteinuria are the best predictors of dyslipoproteinemia in these patients.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Influence of serum amyloid A on the decrease of high density lipoprotein-cholesterol in active sarcoidosis.

OBJECTIVE: We have previously observed low levels of high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol in active sarcoidosis. The aim of this study was to analyze the role of serum amyloid A (SAA) on this lipid disorder. METHODS: Eighty five untreated sarcoid patients, 40 with active disease and 45 with inactive disease, were recruited. Sarcoidosis activity was evaluated by means of clinical, chest X-ray, gallium-67 scan, serum angiotensin converting enzyme (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) values, and pulmonary function tests. Analysis of lipoprotein metabolism included: serum cholesterol, low density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, HDL(2)-cholesterol, HDL(3)-cholesterol, apolipoprotein A-I (apo A-I), apolipoprotein B (apo B), and triglyceride concentrations. Serum amyloid A protein and lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) activity were measured. RESULTS: In active sarcoidosis we found significantly reduced levels of HDL-cholesterol (1.17+/-0.36 vs. 1. 44+/-0.39 mmol/l, P=0.002), HDL(3)-cholesterol (0.78+/-0.23 vs. 1. 02+/-0.21 mmol/l, P<0.0001), and apo A-I (1.36+/-0.29 vs. 1.61+/-0. 27 g/l, P<0.0001) and significantly increased levels of triglyceride (1.51+/-0.64 vs. 1.03+/-0.46 mmol/l, P<0.0001), and apo B (1.14+/-0. 25 vs. 0.99+/-0.27 g/l, P=0.012) versus inactive sarcoidosis. Serum amyloid A concentrations were significantly increased in the patients with active disease (155.45+/-154.01 mg/ml) compared to the inactive sarcoid patients (89.70+/-65.36 mg/ml) (P=0.011). There were no significant differences in cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, HDL(2)-cholesterol or LCAT values between groups. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that HDL-cholesterol (regression coefficient b=-1.96; S.E.=0.87; P=0.02) and SAA (regression coefficient b=0.01; S.E.=0.004; P=0.01) were the two variables independently associated with disease activity. Moreover, a significant negative correlation was observed between SAA levels and both HDL-cholesterol (r=-0.39; P=0.01) and apo A-I (r=-0.35; P=0.03) levels, in the active sarcoid group. Conversely, no correlation was found in the inactive sarcoid group. CONCLUSION: The low HDL-cholesterol and apo A-I concentrations seen in active sarcoid patients are associated with a significant increase of SAA levels. We suggest that the displacement of apo A-I by SAA on HDL accounts for the lower level of HDL-cholesterol seen in active sarcoidosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

[Efficacy of hygienic and dietary therapy in coronary patients with isolated hypoalphalipoproteinemia].

OBJECTIVE: Hypoalphalipoproteinemia (HA) is a relatively frequent disorder found in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). It is associated to a greater risk of suffering recurrent coronary episodes and of mortality caused by this disease. METHODS: We selected 60 patients with previous CAD and isolated HA (HDLc concentration < 0.9 mmol/L, and desirable lipidic profile) that were consecutively seen in a specialized lipid clinic. Subjects were randomly included in the two groups of cases (group of intervention) and controls. Cases were treated with non-pharmacological measures which included changes in lifestyle and dietary habits. Control subjects were referred to their general practitioners in order to receive conventional medical care. RESULTS: It was demonstrated a significant increase in the HDLc concentration in both groups, being greater the improvement in the group of intervention, but the differences in the increase in the HDLc between both groups were not significant. Fibrinogen was lower in the patients of the group of intervention, especially in those patients that gave up smoking. CONCLUSION: Changes in lifestyle and dietary habits are useful to correct the low HDLc plasma levels and to reduce fibrinogen levels in those patients with CAD and HA.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Low levels of high density lipoprotein cholesterol in patients with active sarcoidosis.

OBJECTIVE: To determine lipoprotein abnormalities in patients diagnosed with sarcoidosis and their relation to disease activity. METHODS: We studied 90 patients with biopsy-proven sarcoidosis who had not been treated with corticosteroids (44 with active disease and 46 with inactive disease) and 147 control subjects. Sarcoidosis activity was evaluated by means of clinical, chest X-ray, gallium-67 scan, serum angiotensin converting enzyme (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) values, and pulmonary function tests. Analysis of lipoprotein metabolism included: serum cholesterol, low density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol, high density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol, HDL2-cholesterol, HDL3-cholesterol, apolipoprotein A-I, apolipoprotein B, and triglyceride concentrations. RESULTS: Patients with active sarcoidosis had significantly low HDL-cholesterol concentrations (1.15 +/- 0.27 mmol/l) as compared with inactive sarcoid patients (1.40 +/- 0.34 mmol/l) and with the healthy control subjects (1.49 +/- 0.34 mmol/l) (p = 0.00001). The decrease in the HDL-cholesterol concentrations seen in patients with active disease was due mainly to the cholesterol bound to HDL2 subfraction. Apolipoprotein A-I concentrations were significantly reduced in the patients with active disease (1.18 +/- 0.32 g/l) compared to the healthy controls (1.38 +/- 0.27 g/l) (p = 0.003). There were no significant differences in cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL-cholesterol or apolipoprotein B values among the three groups. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that HDL-cholesterol was the only variable independently associated with disease activity (Regression Coefficient b = -0.03; S.E. = 0.008; p = 0.0005). CONCLUSION: The decrease in HDL-cholesterol that is observed in patients with sarcoidosis is limited to those with active disease.

Apolipoprotein A-I↗