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Biomedical subjects

Y Adachi

Publications and source records attributed to Y Adachi.

At least 775 records · Page 43Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Clinical application of serum bilirubin fractionation by simplified liquid chromatography.

Serum bilirubin was fractionated by a new reversed-phase "high-performance" liquid-chromatographic (HPLC) procedure, on Micronex RP-30, a polyacryl ester. The five fractions were: delta (delta-bilirubin, B delta), gamma (bilirubin diglucuronide, BDG), beta (bilirubin monoglucuronide, BMG), beta' [(Z,E)- and (or) (E,Z)-bilirubin IX alpha], and alpha [(Z,Z)-bilirubin IX alpha]. We found close correlation with results of the modified HPLC fractionation of Lauff et al. (J Chromatogr 1981;226:391-402), except for the beta' fraction, which was eluted after beta. The Micronex HPLC involves a simple pretreatment of serum samples, in contrast with the complex preparation described by Lauff et al., and is convenient for routine use in the clinical evaluation of hyperbilirubinemia. We could quantify B delta, BDG, BMG, and unconjugated bilirubin even in sera with normal values for total-bilirubin concentrations. Photoderivatives of bilirubin such as the beta' fraction could be separated and quantified by the same procedure, making the method feasible for pediatric research.

Bilirubin↗
PubMed1987

DNA topoisomerase II is required for condensation and separation of mitotic chromosomes in S. pombe.

We show that DNA topoisomerase II (topo II) is continuously required for mitotic chromosome changes in Schizosaccharomyces pombe. We constructed cold-sensitive (cs) or temperature-sensitive (ts) strains mutated in the genes coding for topo II (top2) and beta-tubulin (nda3). The ATP-dependent activity of the top2cs gene product is cs in vitro. The cloned top2cs gene sequence predicts an amino acid substitution. A cs top2-cs nda3 double mutant at 20 degrees C shows long, entangled chromosomes, which condense and separate upon the shift to permissive temperatures. If spindle formation is prevented at permissive temperatures, the chromosomes condense but do not separate. Thus topo II is required for final chromosome condensation; moreover, pulse-shift experiments show that topo II is required for chromatid disjuction. Experiments with ts top2-cs nda3 cells show that topo II is also required for chromosome separation in anaphase: inactivation of topo II and activation of beta-tubulin allow normal spindle formation but result in "streaked" chromosomes.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1987

Mesenteric panniculitis of the colon. Review of the literature and report of two cases.

Eighteen cases of mesenteric panniculitis of the colon collected from the literature, together with two cases from the authors' source, were reviewed. The disease occurred most often in late adult life, with a male predominance. Symptoms were abdominal pain, diarrhea, constipation, and a lower abdominal mass in most patients. Barium enema disclosed narrowing, shortening, and poor extensibility of the colon, and ultrasonography and computed tomography showed thickening of the mesocolon and colonic wall with soft-tissue density. Exploratory laparotomy was done in all patients, and colectomy, colostomy, or other surgical treatments were performed in 17 (85 percent). Gross appearance at the time of surgery was characterized by a marked thickening or a firm mass of the mesocolon with a puckered surface involving the appendices epiploicae of the colon. Microscopically, degeneration of the adipose tissue, revealed by aggregates of lipid-laden macrophages, was diagnostic. Inflammatory infiltration and fibrosis also were present in many patients. Mesenteric panniculitis of the colon seems to be a lesion more advanced than the same condition of the small intestine, and colostomy or bypass surgery may be needed for alleviation of severe symptoms.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1987

Serum bilirubin fractionation using multilayer film method in hepatobiliary diseases in comparison with high performance liquid chromatography.

The Ektachem multilayer film method (Ektachem) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) were employed to fractionate and evaluate serum bilirubin species in 45 serum samples. The false-positive or false-high levels of bilirubin close-bonded with albumin (i.e. the delta bilirubin fraction (B delta] was obtained by Ektachem in sera of cases with normal bilirubin concentration and cases with unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia when compared with the results of HPLC. In the sera of cases with conjugated hyperbilirubinemia, Ektachem gave comparable levels of total bilirubin (TB), and unconjugated bilirubin (Bu) to those of HPLC, but underestimated conjugated bilirubin (Bc) and slightly overestimated B delta. To investigate the clinical significance of B delta in 113 cases of various hepatobiliary diseases with conjugated hyperbilirubinemia, the ratios of B delta to TB (B delta/TB) and to directly-reacting bilirubin fractions (B delta/(Bc + B delta] and that of Bc to B delta (Bc/B delta) were calculated based on the results of Ektachem and compared with each other during the course of jaundice. The mean B delta/TB was below 40% in various hepatobiliary diseases but became as high as approximately 60% in the convalescence stage. The mean B delta/(Bc + B delta) was below 50% in acute hepatitis (the serum bilirubin-elevating stage) and obstructive jaundice, and it increased to above 80% in the recovery stage. In decompensated liver cirrhosis and intrahepatic cholestasis the mean B delta/(Bc + B delta) was about 60%, indicating continuous backflow of Bc from liver cells. The changes in B delta/(Bc + B delta) were much greater than in B delta/TB.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Biliary Tract Diseases↗
PubMed1987

Partial defect in hepatic glutathione S-transferase activity in a case of Rotor's syndrome.

In a 17 year-old male patient with Rotor's syndrome, hepatic glutathione S-transferase activity toward 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene reduced to about 0.2% of the mean activity of patients with other diseases. The activities toward sulfobromophthalein and 1,2-dichloro-4-nitrobenzene were low (44% and 47%, respectively, of those controls), but basically present. Bilirubin UDP-glucuronyltransferase activity in this Rotor's syndrome case was in the normal range.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Enteropathogenicity of Treponema hyodysenteriae in young chicks.

Observation by scanning electron microscopy served to demonstrate that Treponema hyodysenteriae colonized the cecal mucosa of young chicks on day 3 after inoculation and produced lesions from 9 days after inoculation. Severe and clearly visible lesions were present on the cecal mucosa of all chicks necropsied 18, 21, and 24 days after inoculation. Severe lesions such as roughness of mucosal surface and disappearance of the mucosal foldings were observed at low magnification. The lesions were characterized by a destruction of superficial epithelial cells and dilation of crypt orifices. The dilated orifices of crypts were clearly observed, and the number of the crypts increased as compared with that of the crypts on the cecal surface in non-infected chicks. At high magnification, mucosal epithelial cells were found to be desquamated and the surface of the lamina propria mucosae had appeared. Numerous treponemas became visible on the surface of damaged epithelial cells and on the surface of the lamina propria mucosae.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

In vitro antimicrobial activity against reference strains and field isolates of Treponema hyodysenteriae.

The in vitro susceptibilities of eight isolates of Treponema hyodysenteriae from pigs naturally infected with swine dysentery between 1976 and 1983 were determined by an agar dilution technique. Carbadox, olaquindox, tiamulin, metronidazole, furazolidone, and monensin were the most active against these field isolates regardless of the year of recovery. The influence of inoculum size on the MICs against four reference strains of T. hyodysenteriae was studied. Various degrees of activities of ampicillin and lincomycin were found, depending on the inoculum size. The effect of successive in vitro subcultures on the susceptibility of a reference strain of T. hyodysenteriae was examined. The strain resistant to tylosin became susceptible to the drug.

Anaerobiosis↗
PubMed1987

Lymphangiomyomatosis associated with chylous ascites and high serum CA-125 levels: a case report.

A case of lymphangiomyomatosis with marked chylous ascites and persistently elevated CA-125 levels is presented. A 30-year-old woman revealed milky urine, milky ascites and exertional dyspnea about one year after the normal delivery of her second child. The lungs showed bilateral diffuse reticular shadows. No pleural effusion was observed. Pulmonary function tests revealed hypoxemia and obstructive changes of the respiratory tract. The levels of CA-125 in blood and ascites were continuously more than 200 U/ml. The inguinal lymph node biopsy and open lung biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of lymphangiomyomatosis. The patient was first treated with progesterone without effect. Oophorectomy was then performed, resulting in the improvement of respiratory distress, although ascites continued. With addition of Le Veen's peritoneojugular shunt the patient improved with reduction of ascites.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[A case of breast cancer with pleural metastasis responding to administration of intrapleural adriamycin and systemic chemotherapy with FEMP].

A 51-year-old woman with breast cancer metastatic to the pleura was treated with intrapleural instillation of adriamycin after thoracentesis, and systemic administration of FEMP, with complete response for more than 11 months. She underwent radical mastectomy and bilateral oophorectomy for advanced breast cancer, and 18 months later presented radiological evidence of pleural fluid contralateral to the affected breast. Initially, thoracentesis for symptomatic relief was done with a positive cytology in the pleural effusion. Intrapleural instillation of adriamycin was followed by partial resolution, and administration of FEMP achieved complete disappearance of both pleural metastasis and pleural effusion.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1987

[Clinical and pharmacokinetics evaluation of flomoxef in pediatrics].

Flomoxef (FMOX, 6315-S), a new parenteral oxacephem antibiotic was investigated for its clinical efficacy and pharmacokinetics. The results obtained are summarized below. 1. Twenty-eight patients were treated with 39-152 mg/kg per day of FMOX by intravenous administration. Diagnosis of patients were pneumonia in 15 patients, acute upper respiratory tract infection in 5, acute enterocolitis in 3, urinary tract infection in 2 and cholangitis, suppurative lymphadenitis and suspicious sepsis in 1 patient each. Clinical effect was excellent in 7 cases, good in 8, fair in 5, poor in 2 and 6 cases were excluded because therapy periods were too short and other antibiotics were used together. Efficacy rate was 68% and the rate of bacterial disappearance was 83%. 2. Rash was found in 5 cases and thrombocytosis was found in 1 out of 28 cases. However, no severe adverse reaction was encountered. 3. The peak serum level of FMOX was 51.0 micrograms/ml after 20 mg/kg of drip infusion for 30 minutes and the half-life was 17.2 minutes in alpha-phase and 58.2 minutes in beta-phase.

Adolescent↗