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Biomedical subjects

Y Andoh

Publications and source records attributed to Y Andoh.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1998

Inhibitory effects of prostaglandin D2 against the proliferation of human colon cancer cell lines and hepatic metastasis from colorectal cancer.

The inhibitory action of prostaglandin D2 (PGD2) and its effect on the cell cycle were examined in cell lines SW480 and LS174T of human colon cancer. The growth of the cell lines were assessed 24 h and 48 h after the addition of 1.0 microgram/ml and 10.0 micrograms/ml PGD2. The growth of SW480 cells was inhibited 48 h, but not 24 h, after the addition of 1.0 microgram/ml, and 24 h and 48 h after the addition of 10.0 micrograms/ml, while that of LS174T was inhibited by both doses after 24 h and 48 h. S-Phase DNA synthesis in the SW480 cells was significantly blocked 24 h after the addition of 10.0 micrograms/ml PGD2. The cell cycle of LS174T cells was arrested at the G0 + G1 phase 24 h after the addition of 1.0 microgram/ml and 10.0 micrograms/ml PGD2. The correlation between hepatic metastasis and PGD2 concentration in human cancer tissue was examined. The mean value of PGD2 concentrations in the primary cancer tissue was significantly lower in the hepatic metastasis group than that in the group without hepatic metastasis. These findings suggest that measuring the PGD2 in cancer tissue may be useful for detecting and predicting the hepatic metastasis from human colorectal cancer.

Biomarkers, Tumor↗
PubMed1998

Correlation between genetic and cytogenetic maps of the rat.

To correlate rat genetic linkage maps with cytogenetic maps, we localized 25 new cosmid-derived simple sequence length polymorphism (SSLP) markers and 14 existing genetic markers on cytogenetic bands of chromosomes, using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Next, a total of 58 anchor loci, consisting of the 39 new and 19 previously reported ones, were integrated into the genetic linkage maps. Since most of the new anchor loci were developed to be localized near the terminals of the genetic or cytogenetic maps for each chromosome, the orientation and coverage of the whole genetic linkage maps were determined or confirmed with respect to the cytogenetic maps. Thus, we provide here a new base for rat genetic maps.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

[Telomerase activity in colorectal cancer--a semi-quantitative procedure].

Telomerase maintains telomere at the end of chromosome and stabilizes chromosome. It is thought to have important roles in cancer progression and cell immortality. We evaluated the role of telomerase expression in colorectal carcinogenesis. Materials included 13 colonic adenomas, 9 early colorectal cancers, 32 advanced colorectal cancers, 5 metastatic tumors, and 30 non-cancerous colon mucosas. The telomerase activity was analyzed using TRAP-eze (Oncor Inc.) for a semi-quantitative method. The positive rate of telomerase activity was 13.3% in non-cancerous colonic mucosa, 15.4% in colonic adenomas, 77.8% in early colorectal cancers, 93.8% in advanced colorectal cancers, and 100% in metastatic tumors; the mean value was 18.0, 29.9, 65.8, 97.0 and 161.3. The correlation between telomerase activity and tumor size, histologic type, or depth of invasion was noted. Sensitivity, specificity and accuracy were on the order of 89%, 98% and 93% at the cut-off level as two times the mean value of non-cancerous mucosa. Telomerase had an important role in carcinogenesis, and progression of colorectal cancer, and it was suggested to be useful for a tumor marker.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1997

Administration of aminoglycosides to hemodialysis patients immediately before dialysis: a new dosing modality.

We describe a new modality for administering aminoglycosides to hemodialysis (HD) patients, namely, a modification of the once-daily regimen which consists of administering the aminoglycosides over 60 min by drip infusion just before each HD session, with a preplanned peak concentration being reached at the beginning of the session and then with a rapidly decreasing concentration being achieved by the start of HD. The area under the concentration-time curve (AUC), i.e., the accumulation of the drug in the body, is thus minimized by this modality. Arbekacin (ABK) was given at a dose of 2 mg/kg of body weight to 10 HD patients infected with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) for 2 weeks (six sessions in total), resulting in the complete disappearance of MRSA in 5 patients. A high rate of elimination of ABK was attained for each patient while the patient was on HD (range, 0.20 to 0.42 h-1; mean 0.28 +/- 0.08 h-1) by using high-performance dialyzers provided with membranes made of either polymethylmethacrylate, cellulose triacetate (CTA), or ethylene vinyl alcohol. The best results were obtained with the CTA membrane, as revealed by the overall mass transfer coefficient (Ko). The AUC in the simulation model for the variation in the serum ABK concentration in this modality was calculated to be 40% of that of the conventional post-HD dosing modality, suggesting that a much higher dose could be administered to HD patients who receive HD thrice weekly (4 h per session), giving, e.g., 4 mg/kg initially and before the HD sessions, when there is an interval of 68 h from HD session to HD session, and giving 2 mg/kg before the other sessions.

Aged↗
PubMed1997

Serum secretory leukoprotease inhibitor levels in chronic bronchitis and Sjögren's syndrome.

Serum secretory leukoprotease inhibitor (SLPI) is synthesized and secreted by serous cells in airway glands, and the serum level is speculated to reflect airway gland hyperplasia. To test this hypothesis, we measured the serum SLPI in 38 clinically stable patients with chronic bronchitis (3F and 35M; 58 +/- 2 years, mean +/- S.E.M.) (group CB), 24 patients with Sjögren's syndrome (24F; 52 +/- 3 years) (group SG), and compared it with 12 healthy control subjects (6F and 6M; 54 +/- 3 years) (group CN) using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The serum SLPI from group CB (105 +/- 8 ng/ml) was significantly higher than that from group CN (60 +/- 2 ng/ml) and further, it significantly correlated with sputum volume per day. Although the mean value of serum SLPI from group SG (64 +/- 5 ng/ml) was not different from that from group CN, serum SLPI significantly correlated with the duration of respiratory symptoms (cough and/or sputum) in group SG. In conclusion, serum SPLI level reflects airway gland hyperplasia, suggesting that SLPI measurement is a possible laboratory method to estimate airway glandular hyperplasia.

Bronchitis↗
PubMed1996

An immunohistochemical and immunoelectron microscopic study of adhesion molecules in synovial pannus formation in rheumatoid arthritis.

To investigate the mechanism of synovial pannus formation in rheumatoid arthritis, immunohistochemical and immunoelectron microscopic studies with monoclonal antibodies against the adhesion molecules, CD54 (ICAM-1), CD11a (LFA-1), CDw49a (VLA-1), CDw49b (VLA-2), CDw49c (VLA-3), Cdw49d (VLA-4) and CDw49e (VLA-5), were carried out to determine the pattern of distribution of these molecules at the rheumatoid synovial cartilage junction. Treatment with anti-ICAM-1 resulted in membrane staining of most of the macrophages and fibroblasts infiltrating the synovial tissue and bordering and pannus-cartilage junction, suggesting the possibility that ICAM-1 may function to facilitate the adhesion of synovial type A cells bearing ICAM-1 to type B cells of the pannus. ICAM-1 positive macrophages and fibroblasts were often found to be in contact with lymphoid cells, suggesting also that a cellular immune reaction occurs in the formation of the pannus. In addition, VLA-3, VLA-4 and, particularly, VLA-5 were the predominant beta 1 integrins expressed by rheumatoid synovial pannus. Sine these three integrins all function as fibronectin receptors, it is possible that the fibronectin-rich environment of the rheumatoid cartilage surface effectively traps pannus cells expressing high levels of these molecules. The VLA-5 molecule was found in a pericellular and interterritorial matrix distribution in the present study, strongly suggesting that a receptor-ligand interaction between VLA-5 and cartilage matrix may occur at the early stage of pannus formation. Furthermore, an increase in beta 1 integrin may be necessary for the growth of the pannus and also for the upregulation of the VLA molecules, leading secondarily to increased attachment.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

Continuity of airway goblet cells and intraluminal mucus in the airways of patients with bronchial asthma.

The aim of this study was to elucidate the mechanism of the formation of the widespread mucous-plugging observed in autopsied lungs from patients with bronchial asthma. We performed morphometric analysis of airways of autopsied lungs from eight patients with bronchial asthma (Group BA), and compared it with those of six chronic bronchitics (Group CB) and four control patients (Control). The following parameters were measured in paraffin sections: volume proportion of bronchial glands to bronchial wall (Gland%); goblet cell granules to total epithelial layer (Goblet %); intraluminal mucus expressed as the mucus occupying ratio (MOR); volume ratio of intraluminal mucus continuous with goblet cells to total intraluminal mucus (Vc/Vtol %); and surface ratio of the contact surface of intraluminal mucus continuous with goblet cells to the total luminal surface (Sc/Stot %). Gland%, Goblet %, and MOR or inflammatory cell numbers in the airway walls both from Group BA and CB were larger than those from the Control group. However, no significant differences were observed between Group BA and CB in Gland%, Goblet %, MOR or inflammatory cell numbers, except for the eosinophil number: i.e. 23 +/- 3, 22 +/- 3 and 6 +/- 2% in Gland%; 22 +/- 9, 5 +/- 4 and 2 +/- 2% in Goblet%; 10 +/- 3, 18 +/- 3 and 0.3 +/- 0.5% in MOR; 199 +/- 68, 10 +/- 3 and 2 +/- 2 cells. mm-2 in eosinophil number of the peripheral airways from Groups BA, CB and Control, respectively. In contrast, marked and significant increases were observed both in Vc/Vtot% and Sc/Stot% in Group BA compared to Groups CB and Control both in central and peripheral airways: i.e. Vc/Vtot% in the peripheral airways was 53 +/- 5, 4 +/- 3 and 0.8 +/- 0.8% from Groups BA, CB and Control, respectively (BA vs CB or BA vs Control, p < 0.01 each). These findings suggest that the continuity of goblet cells and intraluminal mucus or lack of full release of mucus, from goblet cells, is peculiar to asthmatic airways, and may contribute to the formation of mucous-plugs.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1996

[K-ras gene mutations in adenomas from familial adenomatous polyposis].

A 18-year-old woman underwent total colectomy for familial adenomatous polyposis. In order to clarify the significance of K-ras mutations in early colorectal carcinogenesis, K-ras mutations were analyzed in multiple adenomas by PCR-SSCP method. A total of 256 adenomas were found throughout the entire colon and rectum, and the distribution was a sparse type. The correlation between K-ras gene and clinicopathological factors was examined in 90 adenomas. There was no correlation among K-ras mutations and anatomical distribution, or morphological classification, but K-ras mutation was more frequent in severe compared with slight atypia. We investigated the correlation between the size of adenoma in the horizontal and vertical directions and K-ras mutation. K-ras mutation was more frequent in the horizontal size greater than 6 mm in diameter, and also more frequent in vertical size greater than 20 mm in height. It was concluded that the adenomas detecting K-ras mutations might have proliferating potential, and would be applied to determine polypectomy.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1996

[Primary adenocarcinoma of renal pelvis and ureter associated with incomplete ureteral duplication: a case report].

We report a rare case of primary adenocarcinoma of the renal pelvis and ureter in an incomplete duplicated ureter. A 69-year-old male with macroscopic hematuria consulted our hospital. Retrograde pyelography revealed left incomplete duplicated ureter and a filling defect in the lower pole of the ureter. Transurethral ureteroscopy was employed to investigate the filling defect, and a papillary tumor was detected extending into the lower segment of the incomplete duplicated ureter. From these findings, the patient was diagnosed with tumor of renal pelvis and ureter, and left total nephroureterectomy was performed. Pathological diagnosis was adenocarcinoma of the renal pelvis and ureter, INF beta, pT2, pR0, pL0, PV0, PN0. No evidence of either tumor recurrence or metastasis was found on the 3-month postoperative follow up. This case is thought to be the first report of primary adenocarcinoma of the renal pelvis in an incomplete duplicated ureter.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1995

TRH stimulation test in healthy elderly: paradoxical response of growth hormone is abnormal in normal aging.

The purpose of this study was to measure TSH (thyrotropin), PRL (prolactin) and GH (growth hormone) response to a TRH (thyrotropin releasing hormone) stimulation test in 37 healthy elderly male subjects and determine if these responses correlate with the incidence of mental decline; and also, to determine if these responses occur more frequently in the elderly than in the general population. A hyperresponse of TSH was documented in 7 of our 37 elderly male subjects, a delayed response of TSH in 4, a low response of PRL in 29 and a significant paradoxical response of GH in 2. Those subjects with a significant paradoxical response of GH were 82 and 83 years of age and their HDS was 20.0 and 25.5, respectively. We did not find a causal relationship between mental decline and the paradoxical response of GH, but our data suggests that the paradoxical response of GH is not normal in elderly older than 80 years old.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

Gamma knife radiosurgery in the treatment of a meningioma in a patient on maintenance hemodialysis: a case report.

To our knowledge, this is the first report ever on the implementation and results of gamma knife radiosurgery in a regularly dialysed patient. The case presented is that of a 59 year-old female patient with a meningioma. Her initial clinical presentation was with sustained headache. Diagnosis was made by using a brain CT scan and MR imaging. Treatment was performed literally without opening the skull. There was only one complication, namely that of postirradiation brain edema, which developed 19 weeks after the operation, and responded dramatically to steroid administration. This is one of the rare side effects of gamma knife therapy, but does not seem to be related to the fact that the patient was uremic. Gamma knife therapy was successful in this patient and her safety was no more compromised than that of a nonuremic patient undergoing radiosurgery.

Brain Edema↗