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Y Beyth

Publications and source records attributed to Y Beyth.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Direct in-vivo detection of atypical hormonal expression of a Sertoli-Leydig cell tumour following stimulation with human chorionic gonadotrophin.

A 60-year-old woman presented with progressive hirsutism and elevated serum testosterone levels. Selective bilateral ovarian and adrenal vein catheterization demonstrated mild elevated testosterone and androstenedione levels in the right ovarian vein, which increased considerably 15 minutes following intravenous injection of 5000 IU human chorionic gonadotrophin. Androgen levels decreased remarkably after administration of gonadotrophin hormone releasing hormone-agonist (GnRH-a). On histological examination, diffuse stromal hyperplasia of both ovaries was noted, with a small Sertoli-Leydig cell tumour in the right ovary. This is the first report of preoperative, direct selective diagnosis of a small Sertoli-Leydig cell tumour with such a hormonal expression. Ovarian Sertoli-Leydig cell tumours are rare sex cord stromal tumours that exhibit testicular-like structure and differentiation. These tumours are potentially malignant, can cause progressive virilization (Young & Scully, 1985), and are often clinically manifested as palpable pelvic masses and virilization (Meldrum & Abraham, 1979; Friedman et al., 1985). We describe a patient with postmenopausal virilization due to Sertoli-Leydig cell tumour, in whom a remarkable increase in androgens was detected following intravenous human chorionic gonadotrophin injection, during adrenal and ovarian selective vein blood sampling. A remarkable decrease in the serum androgen level was noticed following an injection of gonadotrophin hormone releasing hormone-agonist (GnRH-a).

Androgens↗
PubMed1993

Endometrial changes in postmenopausal women treated with tamoxifen for breast cancer.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether risk factors, other than tamoxifen, can be identified for the development of endometrial pathologies in postmenopausal breast cancer patients treated with tamoxifen. DESIGN: A cross-sectional study. SETTING: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology and Oncology Clinic, Sapir Medical Center, Kfar Saba, Israel. SUBJECTS: 77 asymptomatic postmenopausal women, treated with tamoxifen for breast cancer. Of these, 55 had no endometrial tissue and 22 had endometrial tissue obtained by biopsy. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Demographic characteristics, health habits, risk factors, vaginal ultrasonographic evaluations of endometrial thickness and texture, and histologic evaluations of endometrial biopsies. RESULTS: Overall, there was a high rate (29%) of endometrial pathological change among the 77 asymptomatic postmenopausal women. There were no significant statistical differences in the features tested between the two groups. CONCLUSION: It is impossible to predict which postmenopausal women will develop pathological endometrial changes after treatment with tamoxifen and thus a routine periodic endometrial sampling-follow up is suggested for all postmenopausal women being treated with this agent.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

Ultrasonographic evaluation of the endometrium and correlation with endometrial sampling in postmenopausal patients treated with tamoxifen.

Seventy-two asymptomatic, postmenopausal women treated with tamoxifen for breast cancer were studied prospectively with vaginal ultrasonography, followed by endometrial sampling. Seventy-one patients demonstrated an endometrial echo of more than 5 mm, and one displayed an endometrial echo of less than 5 mm. No patient with an endometrial echo of less than 5 mm displayed any endometrial pathology. Different endometrial pathologic conditions were found when the endometrial echo was over 5 mm. When classifying those patients whose ultrasonic endometrial widths were wider than 5 mm, on the basis of different endometrial histologic findings, no obvious correlation was found between the various pathologic endometrial findings and endometrial thickness. Thus, a "thicker" endometrial sonographic image did not necessarily correlate with pathologic endometrial findings. When ultrasonic endometrial thickness of 5 mm was considered the upper limit of normal, the sensitivity of ultrasonography in correlating to positive histologic findings was 91% and the specificity was 96%. These findings suggest that there is good correlation between endometrial width measured by ultrasonographic assessment and histologic findings.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Lack of correlation between hormonal blood levels and endometrial maturation in agonadal women with repeat implantation failure following embryo transfer from donated eggs.

Five women with ovarian failure who repeatedly failed to conceive following embryo transfer from donated eggs underwent endometrial development investigation. One endometrial biopsy was obtained on cycle days 19, 21, and 23 during three consecutive artificially induced cycles. All five patients had only early secretory changes on days 19 and 21. Histological evaluation on cycle day 23 revealed various developmental stages: two women had "in-phase" endometrium, two patients had adequately developed stroma but significantly retarded glandular maturation, and one women showed no progress. The histological findings were conclusive for a significant maturation delay and an impaired endometrial receptivity. There was a lack of correlation between the peripheral hormonal blood levels and the endometrial maturation.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗
PubMed1992

Transvaginal ultrasonographic quantitative assessment of accumulated cul-de-sac fluid.

Preoperative quantitative assessment of pelvic fluid is an important diagnostic tool in clinical decision making. In this study, we used high-frequency transvaginal ultrasonography in 10 healthy women to assess both the correlation between various amounts of fluid installed in the cul-de-sac and ultrasonic imaging and to determine whether correct estimation of fluid volume can be reached. No fluid could be ultrasonically detected when the volume was less than 35 to 40 ml. Between 35 and 100 ml there was a clear image of accumulated fluid in the cul-de-sac with good correlation between volume and image, whereas with larger amounts no clear correlation between the amount of fluid introduced and size of fluid area visualized by ultrasonography was possible. Transvaginal ultrasonography may enable quantitative evaluation of certain volumes of pelvic fluid, although amounts less than 35 ml cannot be visualized.

Body Fluids↗
PubMed1992

Therapeutic maturation of endometrium in in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer.

OBJECTIVE: To provide an up-to-date review of studies that have examined the relative role of endometrial development in in vitro fertilization (IVF) and embryo transfer (ET) treatment in relation to the treatment outcome. DATA IDENTIFICATION: The most important published studies and personal communications related to this topic have been identified through a computerized bibliographical search (MEDLINE). STUDY SELECTION: Studies that have evaluated the endometrial maturation in IVF and ET treatment with respect to different treatment protocols of ovarian stimulation. Clinical trials exploring the efficacy of various combinations of hormonal supplementation that aim to improve the endometrial environment and treatment outcome. Publications and personal communications reporting a variety of treatment protocols and drugs utilized for the creation of artificial endometrial cycles in IVF treatment employing donated eggs. RESULTS: Ovarian stimulation frequently adversely affects the process of endometrial maturation. Various kinds of hormonal supplementation, used in clomiphene citrate- and/or human menopausal gonadotropin (hMG)-stimulated cycles have not improved treatment outcome. Human chorionic gonadotropin or natural progesterone (P) supplementation administered after controlled ovarian stimulation with gonadotropin-releasing hormone and hMG effectively corrected the luteal phase defect and resulted in an improved conception rate. The endometrium of agonadal women is highly conducive to hormonal manipulation. All estrogen preparations used effectively promoted endometrial growth and proliferation. Natural P is superior to synthetic progestins for induction of receptive secretory endometrium. CONCLUSION: The development of adequately receptive endometrium is a major factor determining the outcome of IVF and ET treatment.

Embryo Transfer↗
PubMed1992

Elevated plasma immunoreactive beta-endorphin in anorexia nervosa.

Basal morning plasma levels of immunoreactive-beta-endorphin (ir-beta-EP), and 17-beta estradiol (E2) were assessed in 25 adolescents with anorexia nervosa (AN) in comparison to 24 healthy controls. All subjects were drug free for at least 6 weeks. The mean plasma level of ir-beta-EP was significantly higher (84%) in the AN patients when compared with the control subjects. The elevated plasma ir-beta-EP may be relevant to the suppression of appetite, tolerance of fasting, and to the hypothalamic hypogonadism in AN.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Effects of methotrexate on rabbit oviducts and on cell cultures of bovine oviduct epithelium.

The influence of a local injection of 0.05 ml/kg weight of 8 mg/ml methotrexate (MTX) was evaluated in 6 rabbit oviducts and compared with saline injections to the contralateral oviducts. Cell cultures of bovine oviducts were incubated in vitro for 7 days and then incubated for 24 h with 100-nmol MTX. Forty-eight and 72 h following the exposure to MTX, the treated and control cultures were harvested. Specimens and cultures were examined by light and scanning electron microscopy. In the in vivo cohort, no differences were observed between MTX and control groups. However, in MTX-treated cell culture, ciliated cells demonstrated partially adherent cilia in about 30% of the cells. The effect of MTX observed only in vitro treated cells may be due to the rapid proliferation of epithelial cells in culture which does not represent the physiological role of the oviduct in vivo.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Menopausal hot flushes, plasma calcitonin and beta-endorphin. A preliminary report.

The association between plasma calcitonin and beta-endorphin has been shown in various studies with analgesic and thermoregulatory effects. In the present study, we sought a similar association between those chemicals and physiological menopausal hot flush. Plasma calcitonin and beta-endorphin levels were measured in 5 women in physiologic menopause who suffered from frequent episodes of hot flushes. An increase in plasma calcitonin levels was noted during the hot flushes, although it was not significant. In contrast, plasma beta-endorphin levels fell significantly at onset of the hot flush, as compared to their levels 5-20 min earlier (p less than 0.005), and rose 5-15 min following the hot flush episode.

Calcitonin↗
PubMed1992

Uterine remodelling following conservative myomectomy. Ultrasonographic evaluation.

Uterine leiomyomata develop during the reproductive years and may interfere with fertility through mechanisms as yet not fully understood. A developing intramural or large submucosal leiomyoma causes hypertrophy of the myometrium. Conservative myomectomy, as opposed to hysterectomy, is the preferred surgical procedure for patients who wish to preserve their fertility. Ten patients were ultrasonographically evaluated at monthly intervals following myomectomy and the changes in uterine (myometrial) volume were assessed. There was a gradual decrease in uterine volume in all patients during the six months following removal of intramural and submucosal leiomyomata. The most remarkable decrease in size occurred during the initial two to three months for the majority of the patients. The impact of this process on fertility should be further evaluated. One of the intriguing questions is whether the period of uterine shrinkage represents the time of the healing process during which conception should be prevented.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Combined ovarian vein catheterization with ovarian stimulation in the diagnosis of androgen overproduction.

A 28-year-old woman was evaluated for late onset secondary amenorrhea, progressive hirsutism and an elevated serum testosterone concentration. Her serum cortisol, androstenedione, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate and 17-hydroxyprogesterone levels were normal. Bilateral ovarian and adrenal vein catheterization demonstrated mild elevated testosterone and androstenedione levels in the right ovarian vein. Fifteen minutes after administering the intravenous injection of 5,000 IU human chorionic gonadotropin, there was a six and a half to sevenfold increase in the level of these two hormones in the right ovarian vein with no significant change in hormone levels from other sources. Based on the ovarian peripheral vein gradients obtained during venography following ovarian stimulation, the diagnosis of right ovarian hyperthecosis was made. This diagnosis could not have been reached without the combination of selective ovarian vein catheterization and ovarian stimulation. We recommend that this combined test, which may provide additional information on the source of the androgens in women with hyperandrogens, be performed in selected cases, when a virilizing tumor is suspected.

Adult↗