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Biomedical subjects

Y Beyth

Publications and source records attributed to Y Beyth.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Screening for Down's syndrome in older women based on maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein levels and age: preliminary results.

We report the results of screening for Down's syndrome (DS) in older women using published rate schedules based on maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein (MSAFP) and age. Five hundred and seventeen patients aged 35 years and older, who were referred for a mid-trimester genetic amniocentesis, were first tested for MSAFP and then underwent an amniocentesis. Individual risks for DS, combining MSAFP and age, were derived using three different published rate schedules. Theoretical selection for amniocentesis was made using the cut-off level of the average collective risk for a 35-year-old woman (1:380 at live birth or 1:270 at amniocentesis). Six affected pregnancies (five with DS and one with trisomy 18), which were diagnosed prenatally, were all found to be at a higher risk than the specified cut-off. These cases would have been diagnosed in any event, using any of the published rate schedules. According to these rate schedules, between 39 and 45 per cent of the patients would be in the lower risk group and therefore would have been counselled not to undergo amniocentesis. Further studies should be conducted in order to reach conclusive screening policies for DS in older women.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Primary peritoneal papillary serous adenocarcinoma: clinical and management aspects.

From January 1, 1984 to April 30, 1990, 38 patients were surgically found to have an intraabdominal disease resembling epithelial ovarian cancer. This diagnosis was confirmed in 31 patients; the remaining 7 met the criteria of primary peritoneal papillary serous carcinoma. Five of these were diagnosed retrospectively and two during surgery. The mean age at diagnosis was 61.2 years. Tumor histology revealed papillary serous carcinoma in six and mixed (papillary serous and papillary clear cell carcinoma) in one patient. Optimal debulking was achieved in three of seven cases (42.8%). Cisplatin-based combination chemotherapy was administered to all in the study group. Complete response was obtained in four patients, with one surviving for 76 months. The median survival in these patients was 34.5 months (range 6-76 months). Currently, three patients with complete response are alive with clinically undetectable disease. CA-125 assays were available in three cases and blood levels corroborated the clinically determined status of the disease. Tumor steroid hormone receptor status was determined in one case and revealed low levels of estrogen and progesterone receptors. To the best of our knowledge, the usefulness of CA-125 in the diagnosis, management, follow-up, and determination of tumor steroid hormone receptor status, mixed papillary serous and clear cell subtype histological patterns for primary peritoneal papillary serous carcinoma are first described in this report. It seems that this neoplasm may be treated and followed up as in epithelial ovarian cancer, obtaining long-term survival; however, the biologic behavior and management problems of this relatively new entity deserve further clinical experience.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Indomethacin therapy and fetal urine production in twins with polyhydramnios.

Indomethacin has been used in twins with polyhydramnios to decrease amniotic fluid volume. Under therapy, a marked reduction of both fetuses' urine production has been demonstrated within 24 hours concomitant with maternal symptomatic relief. Discontinuation of therapy was associated with a rapid increase in fetal urine production. The clinical observation indicates that the benefit of indomethacin in prolonging such pregnancies is most probably the result of relief of polyhydramnios through decreased fetal urine production.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1990

Chromosomal analysis of unfertilized oocytes and morphologically abnormal preimplantation embryos from an in vitro fertilization program.

In vitro fertilization cycles yield a low percentage of pregnancies. Eighty-five to ninety percent of the transferred embryos do not implant, and the abortion rate approaches 30%. Aneuploidy is assumed to be responsible for a major portion of this pregnancy wastage. The purpose of this study was to determine if there was any correlation between morphology and chromosomal content of unfertilized oocytes and rejected embryos. To assess the chromosomal content of oocytes and embryos, we used the method described by Tarkowski in 1966. Sixty oocytes fron 28 women, aged between 27 and 41 years, were analyzed. Sixty-seven percent were aneuploid; of these, 23.35% were hyperhaploid, 23.35% were hypohaploid, 8.35% were hyperdiploid, 3.35% were diploid, and 8.35% showed premature chromosome condensation. Of 20 preimplantation embryos analyzed, 80% were aneuploid, 10% were diploid, 5% were haploid, and 5% showed structural anomaly. Correlation was found between maternal age and aneuploidy in oocytes and between morphology and genetic balance in preimplantation embryos.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Sinusoidal fetal heart rate pattern associated with the twin to twin transfusion syndrome.

Sinusoidal fetal heart rate pattern (FHR) is regarded by most authors as signifying a compromised fetus. In most cases, this is secondary to fetal anemia of different causes, usually Rh isoimmunization, more rarely to fetomaternal transfusion, bleeding vasa previa, placental chorioangioma, or traumatic amniocentesis. A case is described which to our knowledge is the first reported of a sinusoidal FHR pattern occurring in the relatively anemic donor twin in a case of the twin to twin transfusion syndrome. The importance of separate antepartum biophysical evaluation of each member of a twin pregnancy is emphasized.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Fetal urine production in normal twins and in twins with acute polyhydramnios.

In twelve twin pregnancies with normal amniotic fluid volume, the urine output of each twin was lower than in fetuses from singleton pregnancies, and the combined urine output of both twins was between the 50th and 95th centile for singletons. In three twin pregnancies at 21-24 weeks of gestation with acute polyhydramnios, presumed to be due to the twin-twin transfusion syndrome, the urine output of the smaller fetus was zero and that of the larger was above the 95th centile for normal singleton pregnancies. These three pregnancies were managed by repeated amniocenteses and rapid drainage of large volumes of amniotic fluid. With advancing gestation, there was a tendency for normalization of urine output in the twins.

Amniocentesis↗
PubMed1990

Amniotic fluid findings in women with high levels of chlamydial antibody.

A study was undertaken to examine possible transplacental passage of Chlamydia trachomatis from pregnant women who were seropositive for chlamydia, but with no cervical C. trachomatis infection. Forty asymptomatic pregnant women, scheduled for diagnostic amniocentesis at 15-19 weeks of gestation, were tested for the presence of high serum IgA and IgG chlamydial specific antibodies and for cervical chlamydia infection. Five (12.5%) had both high serum IgA and IgG antibody levels and 10 (25%) had high serum IgG antibody levels. Overall, 15 (37.5%) had high serum chlamydia specific antibody levels (all were free of cervical chlamydial infection). The evaluation of the amniotic fluid specimens of these 15 seropositive pregnant women, who were free of cervical chlamydial infection, proved negative for direct C. trachomatis antigen detection and for chlamydial IgA and IgG specific antibodies. These negative results could be attributed to the lack of transplacental passage of C. trachomatis or to the antimicrobial activity of amniotic fluid against C. trachomatis, which has been previously described. The discrepancy between maternal infection and maternal serum antibody levels may suggest that the serologic test does not predict the presence of an antigen in the cervix.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Serum-specific antibodies for Chlamydia trachomatis in preterm premature rupture of the membranes.

A case control study was performed to examine possible morbidity associated with Chlamydia trachomatis in 15 pregnant women with idiopathic preterm premature rupture of the membranes (PROM; group A), and in two control groups, 35 healthy preterm pregnant women (group B), and 43 healthy pregnant women at term (group C). Serum C. trachomatis IgG and IgA specific antibodies were determined using the single serovar (L2) inclusion immunoperoxidase assay. There were no significant differences in the prevalence rate of elevated levels of chlamydia IgG specific antibodies (titer greater than or equal to 1:128) between pregnant women suffering from idiopathic preterm PROM, as compared to healthy preterm and term pregnant women (20, 28 and 26%, respectively). Nor were there any significant differences in the prevalence rate of elevated levels of chlamydia IgA specific antibodies (titer greater than or equal to 1:16) between pregnant women with idiopathic preterm PROM, as compared to healthy preterm and term pregnant women (20, 20 and 17%, respectively). These findings do not support the assumption that C. trachomatis may play role in preterm PROM.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Fibromuscular dysplasia of the carotid arteries complicating pregnancy.

Fibromuscular dysplasia is an arteriopathy of unknown etiology that affects the intermediate-size branches of the aorta. Partial occlusion of these arteries may result in neurologic symptoms when carotid arteries are affected, and impaired liver or kidney function when their blood supply is compromised. Pregnancy and delivery in women who are diagnosed as having fibromuscular dysplasia may be associated with disease-related complications such as ischemic attacks. We report the course of a pregnancy and delivery in a patient with carotid artery fibromuscular dysplasia and suggest steps for general obstetric management and contraception in patients suffering from fibromuscular dysplasia.

Adult↗