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Biomedical subjects

Y Bunai

Publications and source records attributed to Y Bunai.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Anomalous origin of the right coronary artery from the left sinus of Valsalva: report of two cases.

Anomalous origin of the right coronary artery (RCA) from the left sinus of Valsalva (LSV) is rare and has only recently been recognized as a cause of sudden cardiac death in otherwise healthy individuals. In this report, we describe two cases of anomalous origin of the RCA from the LSV. In the first case, a previously healthy 11-year-old girl died suddenly and unexpectedly. An autopsy revealed no abnormalities, except for anomalous origin of the RCA from the LSV. In the second case, a 21-year-old woman died by drowning in a bath, probably after an episode of syncope brought about by anomalous origin of the RCA from the LSV.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

The STR locus D11S554: allele frequencies and sequence data in a Japanese population.

A population study on the short tandem repeat (STR) locus D11S554 was carried out in a sample of 362 unrelated Japanese individuals living in the Gifu Prefecture. A total of 46 different alleles ranging from 180 bp to 340 bp and 135 genotypes were revealed. Sequence analysis of alleles was carried out for 185 samples. The sequence structures of the repeat regions of the alleles were found to be complex and the alleles were classified into nine sequence types, including four new sequence types. According to the system of Adams et al. (1993), we designated the new sequence types IA3, IA4, IA5 and IB3, respectively. Out of the 46 different alleles, 11 showed sequence heterogeneity. The results of this study demonstrated that the D11S554 locus is a powerful and useful genetic marker for forensic practice in the Japanese population.

Alleles↗
PubMed2001

Origin of DNA in human serum and usefulness of serum as a material for DNA typing.

The aims of this study were to clarify the origin of DNA in human serum and to investigate whether serum is a material available for DNA typing in routine forensic practice. Blood was donated from 10 healthy adult volunteers and stored for up to 8 days, at 4 degrees C and at room temperature. The serum DNA concentration at zero time was in the range of 5.6 to 21.8 ng/ml with a mean of 12.2+/-1.6 ng/ml. The concentrations increased with storage time. On agarose gel electrophoresis, all serum samples showed ladder patterns and the size of each band was an integer multiple of approximately 180 bp considered to be characteristic of apoptosis. DNA typing from DNA released by apoptosis was possible. Exact DNA typing of D1S80, HLA DQA1, PM, CSF1PO, TPOX, TH01 and vWA was possible for each sample. These results indicate that serum contains fragmented DNA derived from apoptosis of leukocytes, especially neutrophils, and that fragmented DNA is an appropriate material for DNA typing.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2001

Fatal Aspergillus pancarditis after incompatible blood transfusion intended to be an autologous blood transfusion.

Aspergillus pancarditis is a rare infection, and it has rarely been reported after blood transfusion. In this report, we describe a fatal case of Aspergillus pancarditis in a patient who received antibiotics and corticoids after an incompatible blood transfusion intended to be an autologous blood transfusion. A 64-year-old man suffering from herniation of intervertebral disk between C4 and C5 received an anterior cervical spinal fusion. After the operation, he received incompatible blood transfusion and fell into disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) and preshock state. Anticoagulants and corticoids were given and he recovered from DIC and the preshock state. However, he remained quadriplegic because of enlargement of cervical epidural hematoma that was initially brought out by the operation. He developed bacterial bronchopneumonia 2 weeks after the transfusion and received antibiotic therapy. The pneumonia was cured a week later. Five weeks after the transfusion, he developed Aspergillus pneumonia and received antimycotic therapy. However, his condition grew worse and died 2 months after the transfusion. Autopsy revealed Aspergillus pancarditis. In this case, the relationship between the erroneous transfusion and the patient's death was obvious and it was considered that the erroneous transfusion should be blamed for the patient's death.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2001

Posttraumatic thrombosis of the middle cerebral artery.

Posttraumatic cerebral infarction resulting from carotid or cerebral artery occlusion is rare. Traumatic dissection of the carotid artery is the most frequent cause of infarction, whereas posttraumatic thrombosis of the cerebral artery is very rare. The authors describe a case of posttraumatic thrombosis of the left middle cerebral artery. Early in the morning, a 16-year-old boy was found unconscious in the parking lot of a supermarket. He had received fist blows and kicks to the head, face, body, back, and hip during the night. Computed tomography 10 hours after the violence revealed a gross cerebral infarction in the area of the left middle cerebral artery. He died 9 days after the violence. The autopsy revealed a thrombosis in the left middle cerebral artery. Microscopically, granulation tissue in the intima and a rupture of the internal elastic lamina were observed near the beginning of the artery. It was concluded that the blows to the head and face caused a partial rupture in the arterial wall, leading to thrombosis and cerebral infarction.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Unique occurrence of the 1CF11 carbohydrate epitope in primate saliva.

We examined a large number of individual human and animal saliva samples for the reactivity with ICF11, a mouse monoclonal antibody previously produced for the characterization of human milk mucin and apparently recognizing a certain carbohydrate antigenic structure shared by various human glycoproteins in secretions. The results obtained here confirm the unique occurrence of ICF11 epitope in each and every saliva sample from humans and Old world monkeys as well, though a vast variety was observed among individual saliva samples in the immunological reactivity with ICF11.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Increase of fragmented DNA transport in apical dendrites of gerbil CA1 pyramidal neurons following transient forebrain ischemia by mild hypothermia.

Mild hypothermia (38 degrees C) accelerated transport of fragmented DNA in apical dendrites of the gerbil CA1 pyramidal neurons and increased dendrite-terminal fragmented DNA pooling in the apoptotic process following transient forebrain ischemia. The specific DNA fragmentation after the ischemic insult in gerbil hippocampus was examined by in situ nick-end-labeling method, and fluorescence DNA detection technique by DAPI was also performed. There is a precise temperature dependence for the migration of fragmented DNA from nuclei into apical dendrites of CA1 pyramidal cells during apoptosis following transient forebrain ischemia. Increase of fragmented DNA pooling is highly temperature sensitive, occurring at 38 degrees C, while at 39 degrees C there is a marked decrease in DNA pooling.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Fetal death from abruptio placentae associated with incorrect use of a seatbelt.

A female driver, 24 weeks pregnant, was wearing a three-point seatbelt in the manner usual for nonpregnant women, when her automobile collided head-on with another vehicle. A cardiotocographic examination after the accident revealed the fetus to be alive. Five days after the accident, however, a cardiotocographic examination showed fetal death. At that time, a transverse ecchymotic band on the lower abdominal wall that had not been observed at the first examination was noticed. Eight days after the accident, the mother delivered a macerated female fetus. At autopsy, the baby showed no abnormality, but there was a hematoma on the placental surface toward the uterus. These results suggest that the fetus died of abruptio placentae associated with incorrect placement of the lap belt.

Abruptio Placentae↗
PubMed2000

Traumatic rupture of the basilar artery: report of two cases and review of the literature.

Two cases of traumatic rupture of the basilar artery are reported. In the first case, severe basal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) due to a complete transverse tear of the basilar artery was observed in a 53-year-old restrained male driver who was involved in a head-on collision while intoxicated and drowsy. He lost consciousness shortly after the accident and was admitted to hospital in cardiopulmonary arrest. Intensive resuscitative therapies produced cardiac response, but he died 50 minutes after the accident. The ethanol concentration in his blood and urine was 0.35 and 0.55 mg/ml, respectively. In the second case, SAH due to a similar tear of the basilar artery was observed in a 47-year-old man who received several fist blows to the face while intoxicated. He suddenly lost consciousness after the final blow and was admitted to hospital in cardiopulmonary arrest. Intensive resuscitative therapies produced cardiac response, but he died 6 hours after the event. In these cases, the mechanism of the traumatic rupture of the basilar artery is thought to be overstretching due to hyperextension of the head, and intoxication, drowsiness, or both may have interfered with the decedents' ability to protect themselves; thus, the hyperextension of the head may have been rather forceful.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed1999

Failure of preventive effects of 2-deoxy-D-glucose on ischemia-induced gerbil hippocampal neuronal damage by induced hyperthermia.

Post-ischemic administration of 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG), a glucose antimetabolite, markedly reduces the occurrence of ischemia-induced delayed neuronal death (DND) in the gerbil hippocampus. This means that the reduction of energy dependent metabolism after ischemia prevents ischemia-induced damages of hippocampal neurons. In the present study, we demonstrated hyperthermia during ischemia fails to preserve neurons in hippocampal CA1 of 2-DG treated gerbil following transient forebrain ischemia.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

Neuronal apoptosis studied by a sequential TUNEL technique: a method for tract-tracing.

A novel tract-tracing procedure by using a sequential in situ terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end-labeling of DNA fragments (TUNEL) is described. This method identifies fragmented DNA transported into neuronal fibers in tissue sections of gerbil hippocampal CA1 neurons following transient forebrain ischemia. The transported DNA has been confirmed by another method, fluorescence DNA detection technique by DAPI. Many methods have been developed to study the neuroanatomical connections in the central nervous system. Principally, these techniques are based on tract-tracing studies using xenobiotics into the central nervous system. Our tract-tracing method is originated from an intrinsic marker that is produced during the apoptotic process of neurons. Furthermore, the advantage of this method is that only the selected cells undergoing apoptosis are recognized and traced to the end of the related neuronal fiber. Usually, apoptotic cells possess intact intracellular metabolic mechanisms until completion of cell death. Thus, apoptotic neurons retain the axonal transport mechanisms which enables us to detect fragmented DNA moving from nuclei to distal terminals of neuronal fibers. Since TUNEL-positive DNA movement within neuronal fibers occurs only during a limited period, it is essential that a time-course of the TUNEL technique is used to study tract-tracing of apoptotic neurons. Although this method can identify only the apical dendrites of cells that are undergoing apoptosis during the limited period, some projections of the gerbil hippocampal CA1 neurons undergoing apoptosis are clearly demonstrated.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

An unusual case of fatal gas embolism.

We describe an unusual case of fatal gas embolism, in which a man died by connecting an extension tube supplying oxygen to an indwelling catheter that was inserted into the left cephalic vein.

Aged↗
PubMed1999

Blood grouping of mixed bloodstains using immunocytochemical methods.

Immunocytochemical methods to determine the ABO blood group of each blood of mixed bloodstains have been developed. Mixed bloodstains were made on surgical blades and a cedar board. The blades were dipped into blood and then dipped into blood of a different group at intervals of 30, 20, 15, 10 and 5 s. Two drops of blood were dropped on a cedar board and then two drops of blood of a different group were dropped there at the same intervals. The bloodstains were dried for a week. The blood samples were removed from the blades or the cedar board and processed according with a routine histological method. Three serial thin sections were obtained. After deparaffinization, the sections were treated in papain solution for 2 h at 36 degrees C, to unmask antigenic sites on red cell membranes. The labeled streptavidin-biotin (LSAB) and peroxidase-anti-peroxidase (PAP) methods were used to detect A and B antigens, and an indirect immunocytochemical method for H antigen. These immunocytochemical methods showed specific immunologic reactions and allowed determination of the blood group of each blood of mixed bloodstains. Further, these methods indicated a possibility to determine who was stabbed first, in cases where two or more victims were stabbed with a single knife.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1997

Sudden unexpected death due to Fournier's gangrene.

A 43-year-old Japanese male vagrant collapsed suddenly in a police station. The man was resuscitated in hospital but died about 13 h later. An autopsy revealed necrotizing fasciitis in the genitalia and lower abdominal wall. The man was considered to have died from endotoxic shock following on Fournier's gangrene.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Japanese population DNA typing data for the loci LDLR, GYPA, HBGG, D7S8, and GC.

Population studies on the five loci LDLR, GYPA, HBGG, D7S8, and GC (PM loci) were carried out in a sample of 366 unrelated Japanese individuals living in Gifu Prefecture (central region of Japan) using the AmpliType PM PCR Amplification and Typing kit (Perkin Elmer). For all loci, no significant deviations from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium could be found in our Japanese population sample. The combined mean exclusion chance and power of discrimination for the PM loci were 0.68 and 0.993, respectively. The Japanese and Chinese population data were similar for the all loci. The Japanese and Korean population data were similar for all loci other than D7S8. Significant differences were observed between the Japanese population data and the 16 other population data compared for 3 loci or more.

Asian People↗
PubMed1996

Aldose reductase is a major reductase for isocaproaldehyde, a product of side-chain cleavage of cholesterol, in human and animal adrenal glands.

Isocaproaldehyde (4-methylpentanal) is a product of the side-chain cleavage of cholesterol, the first step of steroid biosynthesis. Here, we report the characterization of enzymes responsible for the oxidoreduction of isocaproaldehyde in human, monkey, dog, and rabbit adrenal glands. NADPH-linked isocaproaldehyde reductase activity in the adrenal extracts of the four species was much higher than the NADH-linked reductase and NAD(P)(+)-linked dehydrogenase activities and was potently inhibited by aldose reductase inhibitors. The major species of isocaproaldehyde reductase purified from the four mammalian adrenal glands were biochemically identical with aldose reductase, and exhibited Km values of 1 microM. The contents of aldose reductase in adrenal glands of the four mammals were relatively high, and its localization in canine adrenal cortex was immunohistochemically demonstrated. In addition, the purified aldose reductases and recombinant human aldose reductase reduced other alkanals and alkenals at low Km values of 2-61 microM, and their catalytic efficiencies were higher than that of human aldehyde reductase. Thus, aldose reductase acts not only as a major reductase for isocaproaldehyde formed from steroidogenesis but also as a scavenger of aldehydes derived from lipid peroxidation in mammalian adrenal glands.

Adrenal Glands↗