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Y Hisa

Publications and source records attributed to Y Hisa.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Relationship of neuropeptides to nitrergic innervation of the canine laryngeal glands.

The participation of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) or calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) in the nitrergic innervation of the canine laryngeal glands was investigated using a double-staining technique of NADPH-diaphorase (NADPHd) histochemistry and VIP or CGRP immunohistochemistry. NADPHd-positive nerve fibers with varicosities appeared to terminate in some acinar cells. Double staining revealed that NADPHd reactivity and VIP- or CGRP-like immunoreactivity were colocalized in some nerve fibers distributed around the acini. A cluster of NADPHd-positive cells were occasionally found in the larynx. Many NADPHd-positive cells had VIP-like immunoreactivity and no NADPHd-positive cells were CGRP-like immunoreactive. These findings suggest that nitric oxide participates in the neural control of the laryngeal exocrine secretion in cooperation with intrinsic VIP and/or extrinsic CGRP.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Somatostatin neurons form a distinct peptidergic neuronal group in the rat suprachiasmatic nucleus: a double labeling in situ hybridization study.

Accumulating evidence indicates that somatostatin (SS) is a key substance for the circadian rhythm of rodents. In the present study, we investigated whether SS mRNA coexists with arginine-vasopressin (AVP) mRNA, vasoactive intestinal peptide/peptide histidine isoleucine amide (VIP/PHI) mRNA and glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) mRNA in neurons of the rat suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) by double labeling in situ hybridization technique. SS mRNA-positive neurons were scattered in the whole region of rostral SCN, in the intermediate region between dorsomedial and ventrolateral region at the middle level, and in the mid to lateral region at the caudal level. These neurons were located in the close vicinities of the dorsomedial AVP and ventrolateral VIP/PHI mRNA-positive cell clusters. They rarely coexpressed AVP mRNA or VIP/PHI mRNA, but mostly coexpressed GAD mRNA. Thus, SS-synthesizing neurons are GABAergic and form a distinct cell group different from AVP or VIP/PHI cell groups.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Tyrosine hydroxylase-immunoreactive cells in the nodose ganglion for the canine larynx.

Several substances have been reported as candidates for the neurotransmitter in the laryngeal afferent system. In the present study we demonstrated that catecholamine is also a candidate neurotransmitter in the canine laryngeal afferent system using tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) immunochemistry in combination with retrograde labelling with cholera toxin B in subunit-conjugated gold (CTBG). A few cells in the nodose ganglion labelled by application of CTBG to the internal branch of the superior laryngeal nerve were also TH-immunoreactive. These cells were also labelled following application of CTBG to the nucleus of the solitary tract. These results indicate that some of the TH-IR cells in the nodose ganglion could be primary afferent neurones for the canine larynx.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

The origins of catecholaminergic innervation in the rostral ventromedial medulla oblongata of the rat.

The localization of catecholaminergic neuronal cell bodies which project to the rostral ventromedial medulla oblongata (RVM) were investigated by the combined technique with dopamine beta-hydroxylase (DBH), phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase (PNMT) or tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) immunocytochemistry and retrograde neuronal tracing method using fluorescent latex microspheres (FluoSpheres) injected into the center of the RVM, the nucleus raphe magnus (NRM). Noradrenaline (NA) neurons in A1, A5, A7 regions, locus coeruleus (LC) and nucleus subcoeruleus (SC) and adrenaline (Ad) neurons in C1 region were double-labeled due to DBH or PNMT and retrogradely transported FluoSpheres, and the ratio of their coexistence was higher in A1, A5, A7 and C1 than in LC and SC. No dopamine neurons in the midbrain and forebrain were double-labeled with TH and FluoSpheres. Thus, it was clarified that the RVM is innervated by the ventral groups of lateral tegmental NA and Ad neurons in the brainstem.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Nitrergic neurons in the canine intrinsic laryngeal muscle.

Nitrergic ganglionic cells located in the canine intrinsic laryngeal muscle were studied by NADPH-diaphorase (NADPH-d) histochemistry and neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) immunohistochemistry. Cells intensely stained by NADPH-d histochemistry were found between the striated muscle fibers of the intrinsic laryngeal muscle. Most of these cells were bipolar or pseudounipolar in form. Some NADPH-d negative cells were observed to be enveloped in a mesh by varicose NADPH-d positive nerve fibers. The findings obtained by nNOS immunohistochemistry corresponded well with those obtained by NADPH-d histochemistry, indicating that NADPH-d activity in the ganglion in the intrinsic laryngeal muscle is nNOS. The present findings clearly indicate that some of the ganglion cells located in the canine intrinsic laryngeal muscle are nitrergic, and that the ganglionic cells synapse together with the participation of nitric oxide in integrating ganglionic cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Nitrergic innervation of the rat larynx measured by nitric oxide synthase immunohistochemistry and NADPH-diaphorase histochemistry.

We evaluated the involvement of nitric oxide (NO) in the laryngeal innervation of rats using NADPH-diaphorase (NADPH-d) histochemistry and neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) immunohistochemistry. The findings obtained by NADPH-d histochemistry were identical with those obtained by nNOS immunohistochemistry, indicating that NADPH-d is nNOS in the laryngeal innervation system. We found NADPH-d-positive nerve fibers in every region of the larynx. In the epithelia of the mucosa, a small number of NADPH-d-positive nerve fibers were detected. The plexus of NADPH-d-positive nerve fibers was commonly found in the lamina propria, and some of these fibers were clearly associated with blood vessels. We also noted NADPH-d-positive nerve fibers in the region of laryngeal glands. Some of these fibers appeared to terminate in the glandular cells. We found NADPH-d-positive nerve fibers with varicosities in the intrinsic laryngeal muscle and free-ending nerve fibers on the muscle fiber. Motor end plate-like structures were positive for NADPH-d histochemistry. The NADPH-d-positive nerve fibers appeared to terminate at motor end plate-like structures in two of nine rats examined. A cluster of NADPH-d-positive neurons were occasionally present in the lamina propria of the laryngeal mucosa, in the connective tissue between the thyroid cartilage and intrinsic laryngeal muscle, and in the connective tissue near the cricoarytenoid joint. The present findings suggest that NO participates in the autonomic, sensory, and motor innervation of the larynx.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

NADPH-diaphorase and nitric oxide synthase in the canine superior cervical ganglion.

By means of NADPH-diaphorase (NADPH-d) histochemistry and nitric oxide synthase (NOS) immunohistochemistry, we demonstrate that considerable numbers of NADPH-d-positive neurons are distributed throughout the canine superior cervical ganglion (SCG). These neurons also show NOS immunoreactivity. This finding indicates that NADPH-d histochemistry, a simple and reliable technique, can be used as a reliable marker of NOS activity in the sympathetic innervation of canine head and neck. The present findings suggest that the participation of nitric oxide in the SCG differs greatly between species.

Amino Acid Oxidoreductases↗
PubMed1995

Sympathetic preganglionic neurons contain nitric oxide synthase and project to the superior cervical ganglion: combined application of retrograde neuronal tracer and NADPH-diaphorase histochemistry.

Nitric Oxide (NO), which was initially identified as an endothelium-derived relaxing factor, has recently been demonstrated to be a neuronal messenger in central and peripheral nervous systems. In the present study, we examined the possibility of NO producing neurons in teh intermediolateral (IML) cell collum of the thoracic spinal cord (Th) project to the superior cervical ganglion (SCG). First, we observed the NADPH-diaphorase-positive/nitric oxide synthase (NOS)-immunoreactive neurons of the IML and the dorsal part of the central canal at the level of Th1-Th3, and numerous fiber-stainings in the superior cervical ganglion. Second, after injecting WGA-HRP (wheat germ agglutinin-horse radish peroxidase complex), a retrograde neuronal tracer, into the SCG, and developing WGA-immunohistochemistry and the NADPH-diaphorase histochemistry in the same sections, we detected double-labeled neurons in the IML. These findings provide evidence that sympathetic preganglionic NO producing neurons directly innervate to the SCG.

Amino Acid Oxidoreductases↗
PubMed1995

Neurotransmitters for the canine inferior pharyngeal constrictor muscle.

The inferior pharyngeal constrictor muscle plays an important role at the pharyngeal phase of deglutition and is anatomically composed of the thyropharyngeal muscle and cricopharyngeal muscle. In this study we investigated the distribution pattern of neuropeptidergic and catecholaminergic nerve fibers in the thyropharyngeal muscle and cricopharyngeal muscle of seven puppies by immunohistochemistry. Some of the calcitonin gene-related peptide-, substance P-, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide-, and tyrosine hydroxylase-immunoreactive nerve fibers were found to lie parallel to the muscle fibers in both the thyropharyngeal muscle and cricopharyngeal muscle. Nerve fibers with immunoreactivity to all substances examined were found to be associated with blood vessels in both the thyropharyngeal muscle and cricopharyngeal muscle, and the number of calcitonin gene-related peptide, neuropeptide Y, and tyrosine hydroxylase nerve fibers was higher than the number of substance P, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide, and galanin nerve fibers. Motor end plate-like structures with calcitonin gene-related peptide immunoreactivity were found in both the thyropharyngeal muscle and cricopharyngeal muscle. These structures in the cricopharyngeal muscle were clearly less than those in the thyropharyngeal muscle. Some clusters of neurons were detected only in the cricopharyngeal muscle of all dogs examined. Substance P-, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide-, galanin-, and neuropeptide Y-immunoreactive neurons were found in this ganglion, and the vasoactive intestinal polypeptide-immunoreactive neurons were the most abundant. Abundant calcitonin gene-related peptide- and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide-immunoreactive nerve fibers, and some substance P- and galanin-immunoreactive nerve fibers were distributed in the ganglion.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Magnetic resonance imaging for aspirated peanut in the bronchus.

Peanut inhalation in the right main bronchus of a 15-month-old boy was diagnosed using a T1-weighted image produced by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) because of the high fat content of the peanut. The T1-weighted MRI image may also be useful in diagnosing other kinds of aspirated nuts with high lipid content as well as peanuts. This method does not involve any X-ray exposure.

Arachis↗
PubMed1994

Neuropeptide participation in canine laryngeal sensory innervation. Immunohistochemistry and retrograde labeling.

We investigated the quantitative participation of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), substance P (SP), and leu-enkephalin (ENK) in canine laryngeal sensory innervation by immunohistochemistry in combination with retrograde labeling using the recently introduced retrograde tracer cholera toxin subunit B-conjugated gold (CTBG). In the nodose ganglion, neurons labeled from the internal branch of the superior laryngeal nerve with CTBG were investigated immunohistochemically by means of antisera against CGRP, SP, and ENK. The percentages of neurons immunoreactive to each neuropeptide were as follows: CGRP 81.5%, SP 24.5%, and ENK 7.0%. These results suggest that CGRP is the main sensory neurotransmitter in canine laryngeal sensory innervation.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Calcitonin gene-related peptide-like immunoreactive motoneurons innervating the canine inferior pharyngeal constrictor muscle.

The percentage of the calcitonin gene-related peptide-immunoreactive motoneurons (Mn) in the nucleus ambiguus (NA) innervating the canine inferior pharyngeal constrictor muscle was examined using the cholera toxin B subunit-gold (CTBG) as a retrograde tracer and by immunohistochemistry. Labeled neurons with CTBG (CTBG MNs) from the thyropharyngeal muscle (TP) were located in the dorsomedial division of the rostral part of the NA and the average percentage of neurons with CGRP immunoreactivity was 70.3%. CTBG MNs from the cricopharyngeal muscle (CP) were located in the dorsal division of the rostral part of the NA and the average percentage of neurons with CGRP immunoreactivity was 21.2%. This low percentage of CGRP immunoreactivity is noteworthy and supports the idea that the CP is a particular striated muscle in function and innervation manner.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Distribution of the afferent neurons from the canine recurrent laryngeal nerve.

Localization of the afferent neurons from the canine recurrent laryngeal nerve in the nodose ganglia (NG) and jugular ganglia was studied using the horseradish peroxidase technique. Labeled cells were detected in the ipsilateral NG and presented no distinct pattern of distribution, but rather were scattered throughout the ganglion. No labeled cells were found in the contralateral NG or bilateral jugular ganglia. The size of labeled cells varied from 15 microns to 60 microns. Two to six labeled cells larger than 45 microns were detected in each dog. Most of the labeled cells (62%) had a diameter between 30 microns and 45 microns. The percentage of labeled cells with a diameter between 15 microns and 30 microns was 30% and between 45 microns and 60 microns was 8%. This difference in size of labeled cells in the NG may be related to functional differences among the receptors mediated.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Distribution of tyrosine hydroxylase immunoreactive nerve fibers in the canine larynx.

The sympathetic innervation of the canine larynx was investigated using tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) immunohistochemistry. Many tyrosine hydroxylase immunoreactive (TH-IR) nerve fibers were observed around arteries and arterioles in the laryngeal mucosa and intrinsic laryngeal muscles. In the glandular region, TH-IR fibers were also found, with some of these fibers terminating around the basement membranes of the glandular cells. The quantity of TH-IR fibers in the mucosa differed among regions of the larynx. Many of these fibers could be found in the laryngeal surface of the epiglottis as well as the posterior glottis. These findings suggest that TH-IR fibers may directly innervate muscles in the intrinsic larynx.

Adrenergic Fibers↗
PubMed1992

Distribution of calcitonin gene-related peptide nerve fibers in the canine larynx.

Immunohistochemistry was used to investigate the distribution pattern of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) nerve fibers in the laryngeal mucosa, glands and intrinsic muscles of the dog. CGRP immunoreactive nerve fibers were found more frequently than substance P immunoreactive nerve fibers in every region of the larynx. In the epithelia, CGRP nerve fibers were mainly found in the epiglottis, arytenoid region and subglottis. Many taste buds were observed in the arytenoid region and were densely innervated by the CGRP nerve fibers. In the lamina propria, the plexus of CGRP nerve fibers was present, with some of these fibers associated with blood vessels. Laryngeal glands were also innervated by a few CGRP nerve fibers. In the intrinsic laryngeal muscles, abundant immunoreactivity was observed and many motor end-plate-like structures were found with CGRP immunoreactivity. These findings strongly suggest that CGRP plays an important role in all of the sensory, motor and autonomic nervous systems of the larynx.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Distribution of goblet cells in the rat nasal septum by use of quantitative histological technique.

In this quantitative, histological study, both goblet cell number and distribution of secretory granules in normal septal mucosa of rats were examined by computer-based color image analysis combined with a new, simple whole-mount method. Our new method has proved to be a very useful and highly accurate means of examination. The count and size of the mucous area of goblet cells decreased toward the antero-posterior direction with the exception of the apical region of the septum. The regional difference characteristic of the goblet cell is noteworthy. The results are assumed to be closely related to both flow direction of mucous blanket and distribution of nasal gland orifices. Goblet cells are assumed to be controlled by some regulatory factor of the secretory system and to play an important role in nasal physiological mechanism.

Animals↗