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Biomedical subjects

Y Inaba

Publications and source records attributed to Y Inaba.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Topographic cerebral blood flow mapping in children with ischemic cerebrovascular diseases using xenon-enhanced computed tomography.

A non-invasive technique using xenon-enhanced computed tomography (Xe-CT) for obtaining topographic regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) maps has been developed. During the past 3 years, the Xe-CT has been performed in 22 children with ischemic cerebrovascular diseases, including 17 cases with moyamoya disease. In moyamoya disease, rCBF maps revealed low flow in the bilateral frontal and temporal cortices, and high flow in the thalamus and putamen on both sides. Other diseases showed low perfused areas. Xe-CT can be easily performed even in infants and children and it gives valuable information that may be of clinical use.

Brain Ischemia↗
PubMed1986

Detection of transmissible gastroenteritis virus in feces from pigs by reversed passive hemagglutination.

A reversed passive hemagglutination (RPHA) method was developed for the detection of transmissible gastroenteritis (TGE) virus in the fecal specimens from pigs. Ovine erythrocytes fixed with glutaraldehyde and treated with tannic acid were coated with anti-TGE virus swine antibodies, which were purified by affinity chromatographic technique linked with purified TGE virus. The RPHA test was done by the Microtiter method. Erythrocytes coated with purified specific antibodies were agglutinated by TGE virus, but not by porcine rotavirus or porcine enterovirus. The reaction was specifically inhibited by antiserum against TGE virus, confirming the specificity of the reaction. A litter of seven 3-day-old pigs was orally inoculated with TGE virus, and fecal specimens were obtained once a day and serum was obtained every 4th day. With the RPHA test, TGE virus was detected in the diarrheal feces; all of the inoculated pigs developed virus-neutralization antibody for the TGE virus. The RPHA test detected TGE virus in feces from pigs with naturally occurring diarrhea. The RPHA test detected TGE virus in 5 of 6 fecal specimens (80%), whereas the positive rate was only 50% (3/6) for the immunofluorescent staining of primary cultures of porcine kidney cells inoculated with the specimens. The advantages of the RPHA method are simplicity, high sensitivity, and rapid to do.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

A follow-up study of hepatitis B virus carriers at hospital.

For the purpose of clarifying the relation between hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), a follow-up study of 1,614 HBV carriers (910 males and 704 females) was conducted at Kure National Hospital from 1970 to 1984. During the follow-up period (40.3 months on average), 247 HBV carriers died. Deaths from HCC and liver cirrhosis (LC) numbered 99 of 168 males (58.9%) and 38 of 79 females (48.2%), the chi-square test revealing no sex difference. Of 142 deaths from malignant neoplasm, HCC accounted for 52 of 96 males (54.2%) and 19 of 46 females (41.3%), the chi-square test again revealing no sex difference. The adjusted odds ratio of death from HCC among HBV carriers (1,614) with respect to HBV non-carriers (176,909) in this hospital during the study period (14-years) was 9.52 (males 7.94, females 13.39). The expected number of deaths was calculated based on the population of Hiroshima Prefecture (1978-1980) as a standard. The adjusted O/E (observed number/expected number) ratio of death from HCC was 6.66 for males and 12.13 for females, and the adjusted O/E ratio of death from LC was 5.41 for males and 11.02 for females. These findings suggest that HBV is a high risk factor of both HCC and LC, and, unlike the general population, female HBV carriers may have a rather higher risk of death from HCC and LC than male HBV carriers.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

A simplified method of xenon-enhanced CT for regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) measurement with reference to clinical experiences.

We introduced a simplified method of xenon-enhanced CT (SXe-CT) for obtaining the topographic regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) map. In the SXe-CT, we used the method of brief (three to four minutes) inhalation of 40% xenon. To shorten the period of xenon inhalation, we substituted a predetermined brain-blood partition coefficient (L) in the entire brain for the directly estimated L to calculate the rCBF value. Because of its non-invasiveness and simplicity, the SXe-CT can be applied to the patients with diseases in the central nervous system (CNS) without any difficulties. During the past three years, we performed the SXe-CT on 150 occasions in 100 subjects, including those with moyamoya disease, other ischemic cerebrovascular diseases, arteriovenous malformations and normal pressure hydrocephalus. In this paper, the rCBF values of seven normal healthy adults with a mean age of 24 years are reported and the flow maps of some cases of CNS diseases are presented. The normal mean value of the hemispheres was 53, those of the gray matter were in the range of 38 to 72, those of the white matter were in the range of 26 to 35 and those of the basal ganglia and thalamus were 55 to 88 (values are given in ml/100 g/min). The SXe-CT has potential advantages in obtaining clinically useful rCBF measurements.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Role of traumatic subdural fluid collection in developing process of chronic subdural hematoma.

We investigated the role of traumatic subdural fluid collection in the genesis of chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) in 43 consecutive patients with traumatic subdural fluid collection. Traumatic subdural fluid collection was found in 43 (6%) of 715 patients who underwent CT scans because of head injury. Twenty-four of the 43 patients were more than 65 years of age and this problem occurred in 30% of the 79 head-injured patients over 65 years of age. In 20 (Group 1) of the 43 patients CSDH subsequently developed. During the same period, 30 other patients were treated for CSDH. Twenty-four (Group 2) of these 30 patients had a history of head injury more than two weeks prior to the developing signs and symptoms and had hyper- or iso-dense hematomas on their first CT scan. It may have been that they too first had a traumatic subdural collection. Forty to sixty percent of the patients with asymptomatic traumatic subdural fluid collection may develop CSDH, and this may occur especially in the older patients. Careful observations after the head injury are particularly important in the aged because of the frequent occurrence of traumatic subdural fluid collection and the subsequent development of CSDH.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[A mechanism of development and resolution of vasogenic brain edema].

To investigate the mechanism of development and resolution of vasogenic brain edema, authors have infused the mock CSF containing 35S-sodium thio-sulfate via a thin needle into the white matter of either normal cat's brain or into the edematous brain. The animals which were used in these experiments were divided into four groups (L20, L45, C20, C45). In the groups of animals subjected to a cold lesion (L20, L45), a small craniotomy was performed over the right frontal pole. A cold injury edema was produced 24 hours prior to the experiment. Na-Fluorescein (2 ml/kg) was given intravenously just prior to the cold lesion to later visualize the extent of the edema. For the positioning of the four needles in the brain, the coordinates were used according to the Horsley-Clark method and the atlas of Reinoso-Suarez. The location of tissue infusion (TIP) corresponds to a point approximately 3.0 mm before the frontal apex of the right lateral ventricle. The infused artificial CSF was mixed with 35S sodium-thiosulfate and stained with Evans Blue to check the extent of propagation of the infused solution. This solution was infused into the tissue at the point TIP with a rate of 0.20 ml/hr in groups C20 and L20 and 0.45 ml/hr in groups C45 and L45. Both lateral ventricles and cisterna magna were cannulated, and a ventriculo-cisternal perfusion with an artificial CSF was established through the right lateral ventricle with a perfusor. The perfusion rate was 2.25 ml/hr. The cisternal outflow was collected during every 15 min. for the activity and volume measurement. Tissue water content was determined by the drying method.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1986

[Correlation study of cancer mortality and food consumption].

The geographical relationships between cancer mortality and food consumption were analyzed by means of extensive uses of correlation coefficiencies, factor analysis, multiple regression analysis, cluster analysis and path analysis. The results for the countries in the world varied broadly due to selection of the countries analyzed. The results for prefectures in Japan showed differences between males and females especially with regard to stomach cancer. The present study shows the importance of careful selection of geographical and other variables when making correlation studies.

Alcohol Drinking↗
PubMed1986

[Hydrocephalus in Paget's disease--a case report].

A case of Paget's disease in an elderly female who had a favourable evolution following ventriculoperitoneal (V-P) shunt is reported. On May 28, 1983, a 52-year-old female was transferred and admitted to us from the Dept. of Neurology because of headache in the occipital region and ataxic gait. On admission, neurological examinations revealed remarkably increased tendon reflexes, ataxic gait, and mild dementia. Headache was also observed, but urinary incontinence was not present. Skull X-ray showed "cotton wool appearance", which was characteristic of Paget's disease. On chemical analysis of blood and urine, serum Al-P and urinary OH-proline level were elevated, which established a diagnosis of Paget's disease. Triventricular dilatation was found on CT scan, and neck tomography showed basilar impression. After admission, the patient was treated with calcitonin, but it was interrupted because of side effects such as nausea and vomiting. Then she gradually took a turn for the worse, particularly dementia became severer. On July 25, 1983, V-P shunt was performed. After operation, "soft landing maneuver" was employed, namely the intraventricular pressure was checked and was gradually lowered with external CSF drainage system for 7 days. Thereafter the patient's head was elevated gradually from supine to sitting position through 7 days. Her hospital course after operation was that of gradual improvement. The purpose of this maneuver was to prevent sudden change of intraventricular pressure that causes aggravation of basilar impression and sudden respiratory arrest.

Cerebrospinal Fluid Shunts↗
PubMed1986

[Effects of indirect EC/IC bypass operations on adult moyamoya patients].

We have performed indirect EC/IC operations, mainly the EDAS, on 50 pediatric and 4 adult moyamoya patients. In this paper, we report on the effects of the indirect EC/IC operations performed on the 4 adult patients, three females presented with intracranial hemorrhage and a male presented with intracranial hemorrhage and a male presented with infarction. The procedures performed were 6 EDAS, one EAS and a simple hematoma removal which was revealed later to have effected as indirect EC/IC bypass surgery. The patients were all in their twenties. All the patients had pre- and postoperative angiography and the result were compared and was correlated with changes in CT and neurological signs. Case 1 had hematoma removal right after the hemorrhagic attack. Angiograms taken 10 months later showed marked revascularization of the brain through the dural arteries on the operated side. EDAS which was performed later on the other side worked well and the postoperative angiograms taken 9 months later, showed satisfactory revascularization of the operated brain with decrease in moyamoya vessels. The patient has Rt. hemiparesis but she can enjoy skiing. Case 2 had been asymptomatic preoperatively, 10 months after the initial hemorrhagic attack. Bilateral EDAS was done. Angiograms 12 months later showed marked revascularization of the brain through the EC system and marked decrease in moyamoya vessels was seen in the Rt. side in which better revascularization presented. The patient lives a normal life as a housewife.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Endoscopic administration of OK-432 in gastric cancer].

This paper describes the morphological and histological changes of gastric cancer following OK-432 injection into and around the lesion under endoscopic observation. Of 10 cases of unresectable gastric cancer, 7 revealed morphological changes and 3 a significant reduction of tumor size. In one of these cases, all the tumor cells disappeared. In 7 cases of resected gastric cancer preceded preoperatively by OK-432 administration, no obvious morphological changes were observed. However, histologically, marked infiltration of inflammatory cells was observed at the site of injection, especially in the submucosal layer. In regional lymph nodes, a lymphocyte predominance pattern which may have resulted from augmentation of T-cell activity was observed in many cases. The results suggested that local OK-432 injection therapy does not have such a marked direct effect on tumor cells, but may be useful as a means of prevention against invasion into the submucosal layer and regional lymph nodes.

Adenocarcinoma↗