Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to Y Inaba.
Parietal foramina are symmetrical bone defects adjacent to the sagittal suture and are not usually associated with other malformations. A case is described in which scalp tumors protruded through the foramina and proved to be meningoceles. No such cases appear to have been previously reported. The possible developmental mechanisms are discussed.
In many cases, intracranial occlusive strokes in children are treated symptomatically, with a diagnosis of acute infantile hemiplegia. This is because angiography is more difficult in children and, even if occlusive cerebral arterial disease is diagnosed, there is no definite therapeutic procedure. A case is reported of left internal carotid artery occlusion presenting with acute infantile hemiplegia and followed by repeated transient ischemic attacks. Encephalo-duro-arterio-synangiosis--developed as an operation for moyamoya disease--was performed on this patient, resulting in a marked revascularization of the brain in 8 postoperative months with good improvement in symptoms. This suggests that the operation may be effective in chronic cerebral ischemic diseases other than moyamoya disease.
Six strains of a new serological type of bovine rhinovirus were isolated in primary calf kidney cell cultures from nasal swab specimens of cattle with acute respiratory disease in Japan. They are serologically indistinguishable from one another and show no cross reaction with bovine rhinovirus types 1 and 2. We propose that the new isolates classified as bovine rhinovirus serotype 3.
Three cytopathic rotavirus strains were isolated in MA 104 cells from intestinal contents of lambs with diarrhea. Pretreatment of virus with pancreatin and incorporation of a small amount of pancreatin in maintenance medium were important for establishment of the strains in these cells. The isolates showed marked cross reactions with bovine rotavirus in immunofluorescence, but no cross reaction with bovine, human, simian, equine, porcine and lapine rotaviruses in neutralization.
Chronological changes of the EEG before and after extracranial-intracranial arterial bypass surgery were studied on 12 patients with minor completed stroke of the carotid circulation. Instead of a power spectrum used in the conventional computer analysis, a wave form recognition method, which well correlated with visual assessment of the EEG, was applied to the present computer analysis of the EEG. The EEG changed mainly in the parietal, occipital, anterior and middle temporal records of the affected cerebral hemisphere. Deterioration of the EEG continued until 1 month, and improved gradually during 3 and 6 months after the operation. However, it was difficult to conclude that the EEG improved by surgery.
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A polypeptide of Mr 26,000 and pI 6.7 that was markedly increased in rat livers bearing hyperplastic nodules (HNs) induced by chemical carcinogens was identified immunochemically as the subunit of neutral glutathione (GSH) transferase (GSHTase; RX:glutathione R-transferase, EC 2.5.1.18; also called GSH S-transferase) purified from placenta (GSHTase-P) and was demonstrated immunohistochemically to be localized in preneoplastic foci and HNs. In the present study, GSHTase-P has been purified from the HN-bearing liver, and the distribution and inducibility have been examined quantitatively using anti-GSHTase-P antibody. Elevation of GSHTase-P in the HN-bearing livers was also confirmed by in vitro translation of mRNAs isolated from the HN-bearing livers. The purified GSHTase-P was homogeneous in size but had two charge isomers on two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. In normal tissues, including liver, placenta, and fetal liver, the protein content of GSHTase-P was generally low but was significantly high in kidney and pancreas. In contrast, the amount of GSHTase-P in HN-bearing livers (primary hepatomas) and transplantable Morris hepatoma 5123D were several 10-fold higher than that in normal liver but were undetectably low in transplantable Yoshida ascites hepatoma AH 130. Different from ordinary drug-metabolizing enzymes, GSHTase-P was uninducible by administration of drugs and carcinogens prior to appearance of the preneoplastic foci and HNs. In addition, species specificity of GSHTase-P was low as it was crossreactive among rat, hamster, and human.
We have used a DNA copy of segment 3 RNA of bluetongue virus serotype 17 (BTV-17) to detect sequence homology among the equivalent segments of five U.S.A. BTV serotypes (BTV-2, BTV-10, BTV-11, BTV-13 and BTV-17) as well as 14 other BTVs isolated from different endemic areas of the world. Both by in situ and Northern hybridization all the BTV serotypes were found to have RNA that reacted with the DNA probe. No homology was detected with epizootic haemorrhagic disease virus serotype 1, a related orbivirus. The BTV-17 DNA clone has also been used to detect viral RNA in infected sheep blood. This information has led us to develop a simple and sensitive procedure for the detection of viral genome-biotinylated clone DNA hybrids in vivo or in cultured cells following direct staining with either the avidin-fluorescein complex or the streptavidin-horseradish peroxidase complex.
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Fibrin glue has been used in 22 neurosurgical patients and following five effects which are very much helpful in neurosurgical practice were recognized. Adhesive effect--Dural defect at cranial base was closed with lyophilized dura and fibrin glue. Hemostatic effect--Fibrin glue soaked oxycel was applied for hemostasis of the bleeding from venous sinus, dura, skull edge and cut surface of tumor. Blocking and sealing effects--In cases of craniopharyngioma, cyst wall around the inserted tube was sealed with oxycel and fibrin glue. CSF leakage from open sphenoidal sinus in aneurysmal operation was closed with fibrin glue soaked gelfoam. Covering and wall strengthening effects--Unclippable aneurysms were coated and wrapped with fibrin glue and oxycel. Packing effect--Huge dead space after removal of mucocele was packed with fibrin glue. In trans-sphenoidal operation of pituitary adenoma, fibrin glue soaked muscle pieces and oxycel were packed in the dead space and sphenoidal sinus. Many other possible availabilities in neurosurgical operations were discussed. Fibrin glue is a biological product, so it can be used with more safety and affinity to the local tissue and with less reaction as foreign body than the artificial adhesives. It takes much time for the preparation of this material for the time being. If this can be prepared instantly, usefulness of this glue will be markedly increased. We have had no hepatitis nor inflammatory complications in our limited experience.
UNLABELLED: The CO2 laser is useful for cutting and vaporization but not for coagulation and hemostasis. On the contrary, YAG laser is effective for coagulation and hemostasis but not for cutting. The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of the exposure of combined, coaxial CO2 and YAG laser on the animal brain to supplement the advantages and draw-backs of each other. To compare these results, each of non-combined pulse wave form CO2 and YAG lasers was employed separately. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The lasers in this study were pulse wave form CO2 and YAG lasers, employed separately or simultaneously using 130 YZ of Nihon Infrared Industries Company. Japanese white rabbits were anesthetized with pentobarbital. Fronto-parietal burr holes were made, the dura was removed and then Evans blue solution was injected intravenously. The lasers were employed to the cerebral cortex without great vessels using a micromanipulator attached to the operative microscope with a distance of 30 cm. The spot size was 700 mu for CO2 laser and 1200 mu for YAG laser. The first experiment was to see the effect of nine combinations of simultaneous coaxial CO2 of 2, 4 and 8 watts and YAG lasers of 10, 20 and 40 watts, 1 sec on the brain. In the second experiment, also combining two lasers, the exposure time of YAG laser was elongated from 1 or 2 seconds into 2 or 4 seconds and the arrangement of powers was the same as that of the first experiment. The lesions were thus made in 18 different conditions.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Measurement of regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) has become a routine examinations in the field of clinical neurology and neurosurgery. Therefore, various methods for measuring rCBF have been developed. Among them, xenon-enhanced CT method has many advantages compared with others. An obtainable topographic flow map, high anatomical spatial resolution, and readily available instrument, namely CT scanner, are regarded as the advantages. On the one hand, anesthetic effects of xenon gas on the patients, taking a great expense for a single examination, and a significant dose of radiation delivered to the patients are thought to be the disadvantages. Due to the disadvantages, xenon-enhanced CT is regarded as an unpractical examination. In the paper, we introduce a method with a brief xenon inhalation, named a simplified method, with which the disadvantages can be avoided. Conventional xenon-enhanced CT requires 20 to 25 minute inhalation of xenon gas in order to achieve a saturation of xenon in the cerebral tissue for a calculation of the partition coefficients (L). In the simplified method, instead of using the calculated L, L was given as 1.0 in all the cerebral regions and xenon gas was terminated at 4 minute inhalation. Four minute inhalation of xenon gas did not make any significant anesthetic effects on the patients nor the changes of physiological parameters, such as, PaCO2 and blood pressure.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Cytotoxic activity of anti-BCG rabbit serum (A-BCG) and the antigenic relationship between BCG and tumor cells were studies. A-BCG showed high cytotoxic activity against line 10 tumor cells of guinea pig Strain 2 and Colon 26 tumor cells of BALB/c mouse but not to cells of human bladder cancer (HT 1197, HT 1376). Cell-killing activity of A-BCG against line 10 and Colon 26 was dependent on complement participation. It was also found that Colon 26 cells were heterogenous in their susceptibility to the killing activity of A-BCG. Antigenic studies between BCG and tumor cells were undertaken using on indirect immunofluorescence method and it was found that all tumor cells used in the experiment shared common antigens with BCG. In immunotherapy with BCG for Colon 26 tumors, BCG worked effectively for suppressing tumor growth. However, enhancement of tumor growth in some of the BCG-treated mice was observed.
A reversed passive hemagglutination (RPHA) method was developed for the detection of bovine coronavirus in fecal specimens. Sheep erythrocytes fixed with glutaraldehyde, and then treated with tannic acid were coated with anti-bovine coronavirus rabbit antibodies purified by affinity chromatography using bovine coronavirus linked to Sepharose 4B. The RPHA test was carried out by a microtiter method. Erythrocytes coated with purified specific antibodies were agglutinated by bovine coronavirus, but not by bovine rotavirus or enterovirus. The reaction was inhibited by antiserum to bovine coronavirus, confirming the specificity of the reaction. The RPHA test detected bovine coronavirus in 13 of 22 fecal specimens (59 per cent), from natural cases of diarrhea, while the positive rates were only 14 per cent (3/22) and 22 per cent (5/22) for immunofluorescent staining of primary cultures of calf kidney cells infected with the specimens, and immune electron microscopy respectively. The advantages of the RPHA method are its simplicity, high sensitivity and rapidity.