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Y J Ho

Publications and source records attributed to Y J Ho.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Differentiation between primary hepatocellular carcinoma and hemangioma on MRI].

Most of the primary hepatocellular carcinoma and hemangioma in TIWI are having low signals. Hemangioma is relatively lower in signal intensity than primary hepatocellular carcinoma, but they are really no so easy compare by bare eye. On the contrary, in T2WI, hemangioma is more brighter than primary hepatocellular carcinoma. So, by compare the variety shows from T1WI to T2WI, we can differentiated between primary hepatocellular carcinoma and hemangioma. By measuring the signal intensity in non-tumor area, there are no marked different in T1WI and T2WI, but hemangioma, as compare with primary hepatocellular carcinoma in signal intensity, is lower in T1WI and much higher in T2WI. Such results are all having statistic significant with p value less than 0.05. In measuring the different in signal intensity or ratio between tumor and non-tumor areas, there were mark different in T2WI and whereas there were no different in T1WI. By using two-point method, the T2-relaxation is measured in twenty eight cases of primary hepatocellular carcinoma and thirteen cases (twenty four lesions) of hemangioma. We found that there were nearly equal in nontumor areas, but there were mark different in T2-relaxation. In comparison with intravenous injection of Gd-DTPA in 10 cases of primary hepatocellular carcinoma and six cases of hemangioma, the latter were having similar dynamic CT appearance. Enhancement of signal intensity was found starting from peripheral part to central area. The primary hepatocellular carcinoma were having none of the above phenomenon. The liver MRI study is still expensive and time consuming.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗
PubMed1992

[MRI of adrenal tumors].

Within a two and half years period, we collected a total of twenty three cases of adrenal tumors diagnosed by MRI. They included: one cystic case, twelve cases (13 lesions) of adenoma, two cases (3 lesions) of hyperplasia, four cases of pheochromocytoma, three cases of metastases, and one case of adenocarcinoma. Except for the case of adrenal cyst which was followed for one and a half years, all the other twenty two cases were proved by operation and pathology. The benign adenoma and hyperplasia were small in size, and had relative isointensities to the liver in the T1WI and the T2WI. On the contrary, the malignant tumors and pheochromocytoma, all had inhomogeneous signal intensities, showed relatively lower in signal intensities in T1WI and higher in T2WI as compared with the liver. In T2WI, the tumor to liver signal intensity ratio of adenoma and hyperplasia were less than 1.80, whereas the malignant tumors and pheochromocytoma were larger than 1.80. In comparing fifteen cases with Gd-DTPA intravenous injection, all of the benign adenoma did not show an increase in signal intensity, but the malignant tumors and pheochromocytoma showed increase in signal intensity. We concluded that we could primarily differentiate the nature of adrenal tumors by their change in signal intensities between T1WI and T2WI, by measuring the tumor to liver signal intensity ratio or by Gd-DTPA IV injection. Today, although adrenal gland MRI examination is more time consuming and expensive, it is more valuable for highly clinically suspected adrenal lesions with equivocal results after CT or sonogram study.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1992

[Intracranial germ cell tumors].

We report on 19 cases of intracranial germ cell tumors, including 12 male and 7 female patients; the average age was 16.5 +/- 4.9 years. These tumors included germinoma in 15 cases, yolk sac tumor in 3 cases, embryonal cell carcinoma in 1 case, and mixed tumor in 3 cases. Each of 5 cases had 2 to 3 different kinds of tumor cells, either in one tumor or in different tumors. The locations of tumors were pineal region in 13 cases, suprasellar region in 3 cases, basal ganglion-thalamus in 3 cases, and cerebral hemispheres in 4 cases. Six of them had 2 or more locations. One case had spinal seeding and extraneural metastasis to the liver, retroperitoneum and neck lymph nodes. Eighteen cases received CT scan and 6 cases received MRI examinations, all the tumors had good enhancement by iodium content contrast medium in CT and Gadolinium-DTPA in MRI. Alfa-fetoprotein was elevated in yolk sac tumor, AFT and HCG were elevated only slightly or remained normal in germinoma. Germinomas had good response to radiation therapy and chemotherapy, while nongerminoma had poor response and worse prognosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

[Detection of the myelination process of Chinese infants by 1.0T MRI].

To establish the myelination process of brain of Chinese infants, our study consisted of seventy-five infants ranging in age from 5 days to 2 years old. They were studied with a 1.0 T superconductive MRI. In the new born, myelination could be seen in the brainstem, middle cerebellar peduncle, and posterior limb of the internal capsule in both T1WI and T2WI. Then the myelination process rapidly progressed month by month. Myelination of the centrum semiovale and optic radiation could be seen in T1WI in the newborn up to 3 months old, and in T2WI at 3-5 months old. The myelination of the splenium and the genu of corpus callosum were seen at 3-6 months in T1WI and 5-6 months in T2WI. Myelination of the occipital lobe and frontal lobe were seen at 3-6 months and 5-10 months in T1WI, and 8-14 months, 10-16 months in T2WI respectively. In 7-10 months, the brain appeared as an "early adult pattern" in T1WI; while, in T2WI, the brain appeared as an "early adult pattern" at 14-18 months old. The understanding of the myelination process in infants is important and essential for the judgement of the infantile brain and for the diagnosis of many CNS diseases of infants.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1991

[High resolution real-time sonographic evaluation of superficial lesions].

One hundred and thirty-one cases of suspected superficial soft tissue lesions, excluding parotid, thyroid, parathyroid, breast and scrotum, were collected in 7-year-period in Veterans General Hospital-Taichung. High resolution (10MHz transducer) real-time ultrasound was applied as imaging modality. Among them, 46 cases were proved pathologically or clinically. We retrospectively evaluated the sonographic features and divided them into five major patterns. I. Cystic lesion with smooth margin, II. Cystic lesion with blurred margin, III. Solid lesion with smooth margin, IV. Solid lesion with blurred margin, V. Diffuse infiltrative lesion. In addition, gas or calcification in the lesion and the echogenicity were included in the evaluation. Some of the lesions considered to be of vascular origin were evaluated with doppler. Ultrasonography can accurately recognize cystic, solid, or infiltrative lesions. In spite of the fact that most of the findings are non-specific, several lesions do have characteristic sonographic patterns that can easily be diagnosed, especially in conjunction with the anatomical location, ie. Backer's cyst, branchial cyst, lymphangioma, and abscess. Lesions with cystic or hyperechoic solid patterns can be considered as benign, if the margin is smooth. Lesions with hypoechoic solid pattern and blurred margin, however except for abscess, can be considered as malignant. We conclude that high resolution real-time sonography is a good imaging modality for evaluating superficial soft tissue lesions.

Female↗
PubMed1991

[Castleman's disease: 6 cases report].

The authors present six cases of Castleman's disease. One was located in the left middle lung near the lung root, one in the right posterior mediastinum, one in the gallbladder fossa, one in the left perinephric space, and the last two in the mesenteric region. All the hyaline-vascular type showed good enhancement after contrast medium injection. The only one case of plasma cell type located in mesentery was not enhanced after contrast injection. Ultrasound of abdomen was performed in one of the six patients, which showed homogeneous and hypoechoic in echo-pattern.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Magnetic resonance imaging of ovarian cystic teratoma].

Two patients with ovarian cystic teratoma were imaged using real-time ultrasound and 1.0-T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) devices. The ultrasound appearance of cystic teratoma varies with the internal contents. If bone or teeth is present, highly echogenic foci with posterior shadow will be identified. The cysts may contain solid areas, septa and fluid-fluid levels. The dermoid cyst filled with fat showing characteristic echogenic appearance might confused with the pelvic fact tissue. MRI is well suited to the evaluation of pelvic disorders. The T1 and T2 relaxation times in different tissues might present with different signal intensities by changing the pulse sequences. Fat, with its relatively short T1 and long T2 times, appears bright on the T1-weighted images (short TE and TR) and T2-weighted images (long TE and TR). However, old hemorrhage has the MRI characteristics of short T1 and long T2 times as fat. The inversion recovery sequence with short inversion time (STIR) will suppress signal from fat tissue and this is of particular value in differentiating dermoid from hemorrhagic cyst. MRI is quite efficient in cases where ultrasound study is equivocal or difficult in the technique.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Pseudoaneurysm of the cystic artery with upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage. Case report.

A rare case of pseudoaneurysm of the cystic artery caused by acute cholecystitis is reported. During the severe inflammatory process the common bile duct, duodenum and transverse colon were eroded, in addition to the cystic artery. Findings at computed tomography prompted celiac angiography, which confirmed the preoperative diagnosis. Surgery was successful.

Aneurysm↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effects of butter and soybean oils on solid-phase gastric emptying in patients with functional dyspepsia.

BACKGROUND: To determine whether vegetable fats cause a slower or quicker rate of gastric emptying (GE) than animal fats, we evaluated the effect of animal butter and vegetable soybean oil on solid-phase GE in patients with functional dyspepsia. METHODS: Twenty-seven patients with functional dyspepsia were enrolled in this study. Radionuclide-labeled solid meals were used to evaluate GE. A study meal was composed of 206.8 kcal to 9.2 g protein, 45 g carbohydrate, and 10 g fat (formula 1, with animal butter: 26.2% saturated palmitic acid, 29.1% unsaturated oleic acid, 3.5% linoleic acid, and 0.5% linolenic acid; formula 2, with vegetable soybean oil: 11.0% saturated palmitic acid, 23.4% unsaturated oleic acid, 53.7% linoleic acid, and 7.8% linolenic acid). Each patient received formulas 1 and 2 as study meals on separate days. GE was represented by the gastric retention ratio of the study meal at 90 min (RR90): RR90 = residual radioactivity within the region of interest (ROI) covering the entire stomach at 90 min divided by the initial radioactivity within the ROI at 0 min. RESULTS: The RR90 was 0.648 +/- 0.156 for formula 1 and 0.600 +/- 0.131 for formula 2. There was no significant difference for the RR99 between formulas 1 and 2 (paired Student's t test, p > 0.05). Of the 27 patients, 12 (44.4%) demonstrated an increased RR99 from formula 1 to formula 2, and the RR90 of remaining 15 (55.6%) patient decreased. In addition, neither the patients with increased RR90 nor those with decreased RR90 showed a difference of symptoms between the two study meals. CONCLUSION: Our data suggest that there is no difference between these two types of fat on gastric emptying.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Evaluation of chemotherapy response in patients with small cell lung cancer using Technetium-99m-tetrofosmin.

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between Technetium-99m (Tc-99m) tetrofosmin accumulation in tumors which may represent the expression of multidrug resistance (MDR)--mediated P-glycoprotein (Pgp) and multidrug resistance-associated protein (MRP) as well as response to chemotherapy in patients with untreated small cell lung cancers (SCLC). Twenty patients with SCLC were studied with Tc-99m tetrofosmin lung scintigraphy before chemotherapeutic induction. Tc-99m tetrofosmin lung scans were interpreted both visually and quantitatively. Response was evaluated upon completion of chemotherapy. Patients with good chemotherapy response had a significantly higher incidence (93%) of positive Tc-99m tetrofosmin lung single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) findings than patients with poor response (33%) (p value < 0.05). The tumor/background ratios (T/B) were 1.8 +/- 0.4 and 1.2 +/- 0.3, for patients with good response and poor response, respectively (p < 0.05). However, other prognostic factors (tumor size and stage) were not significantly related to Tc-99m tetrofosmin lung scan findings and chemotherapy responses. Tc-99m tetrofosmin lung scintigraphy can predict chemotherapy response in patients with SCLC.

ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Mem↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cytokeratin fragment 19 (CYFRA 21-1) in healthy smokers.

Two hundred and ninety-three normal female non-smokers, 268 normal male non-smokers, and 224 normal male smokers were included in our comparative study to determine possible effect of smoking on the serum levels of cytokeratin fragment 19 (CYFRA 21-1). Immunoradiometric assay (IRMA) was used, and the results revealed that the mean +/- SD CYFRA 21-1 levels in the 293 normal female non-smokers, 268 normal male non-smokers, and 224 normal male smokers were 1.28 +/- 0.82, 1.38 +/- 0.74, and 1.47 +/- 0.62 ng/ml, respectively. There is no significantly statistical difference in the CYFRA 21-1 level among the three groups. In conclusion, we suggest that smoking has no effect on the serum levels of CYFRA 21-1.

Antigens, Neoplasm↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effects of single dose of 50mg captopril in patients with liver cirrhosis and ascites.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: In patients with liver cirrhosis and ascites, the renin angiotensin system is usually activated. Such a correlation supports the hypothesis that activation of the renin-angiotensin system plays an influential role in the pathogenesis of ascites in liver cirrhosis. METHODOLOGY: In this study, 25 patients with liver cirrhosis and ascites (10 females, 15 males; age: 45-67 years) were enrolled. We evaluated the acute effects of converting enzyme inhibitor (a single dose of 50 mg captopril taken orally) on glomerular filtration rate, effective renal plasma flow, filtration fraction, plasma renin activity, and plasma aldosterone. RESULTS: Oral intake of a single 50 mg dose of captopril significantly decreased glomerular filtration rate (65 +/- 6 mL/min/1.73 m2 vs. 53 +/- 9 mL/min/1.73 m2), filtration fraction (21.2 +/- 2.7% vs. 15.5 +/- 4.1%), and plasma aldosterone (340 +/- 80 pg/mL vs. 247 +/- 42 pg/mL), but increased plasma renin activity (2.65 +/- 2.19 ng/mL/hr vs. 11.58 +/- 2.70 ng/mL/hr) and effective renal plasma flow (312 +/- 41 mL/min/1.73 vs. 356 +/- 60 mL/min/1.73 m2). CONCLUSIONS: We suggest that oral intake of a single dose of 50 mg captopril can block the renin-angiotension system, and result in changes in renal hemodynamics and function in cirrhotic patients with ascites.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Technetium-99m tetrofosmin mammoscintigraphy findings related to the expression of P-glycoprotein mediated multidrug resistance.

We studied 30 patients with infiltrating ductal breast carcinomas to evaluate the relationship between the degree of accumulation of technetium-99m tetrofosmin (Tc-TETRO) and p-glycoprotein (Pgp) expression in breast tumor tissues. All of the 30 patients underwent Tc-TETRO mammoscintigraphy to calculate breast tumor uptake of Tc-TETRO to background (T/B) ratios before surgery or biopsy. Immunohistochemical analysis was performed to determine Pgp expression in the pathological specimens of the 30 breast tumors. The T/B ratios were significantly lower for tumors in 12 patients with positive Pgp expression (Group A) than for those in 18 patients with negative expression (Group B) (1.20 +/- 0.12 and 1.94 +/- 0.30, p < 0.05). Our results supported the opinion that Tc-TETRO mammoscintigraphy is helpful for determining in vivo the presence of multidrug resistance due to Pgp expression in breast carcinoma patients.

ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Expression of drug resistance protein related to Tc-99m MIBI breast imaging.

Adjuvant and neoadjuvant chemotherapy is increasingly being used in the treatment of breast cancer patients. However, drug resistance plays an important role in chemotherapy failure in this cancer. The aim of this study was to determine the correlation between technetium-99m sestamibi (Tc-99m MIBI) breast imaging results and expression of the drug resistance proteins (p-glycoprotein (Pgp), Ki-67 and mutant p53) in human breast cancer tissues. Twenty-four breast cancer patients underwent Tc-99m MIBI breast imaging before surgery or biopsy. Protein expression was investigated by immunohistochemical studies on multiple nonconsecutive sections of surgery or biopsy samples. Tumor to background (T/B) ratios calculated by Tc-99m MIBI breast imaging were correlated with protein expression determined by immunohistochemical studies. The T/B ratios were significantly lower in 8 patients with positive Pgp expression (Group 1) when compared with 16 patients with negative Pgp expression (Group 2) (1.40 +/- 0.11 and 2.76 +/- 0.60, p < 0.05). However, the differences of T/B ratios between the patients with positive and negative Ki-67 mutant p53 expression were not significant. Our data confirmed that Tc-99m MIBI breast imaging is useful for determination of the presence of Pgp expression in breast cancer patients. No significant relationship between Tc-99m MIBI breast imaging results and Ki67/mutant p53 was found.

ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Mem↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The role of Tc-99m methoxyisobutylisonitrile scintimammography as compared to mammography in evaluating palpable breast masses of Taiwanese women.

Eighty-one Taiwanese women (age range 31 to 79 years old) with palpable breast masses detected by mammography and or physical examination underwent technetium-99m methoxyisobutylisonitrile (Tc-99m-MIBI) scintimammography to assess its value in the detection of breast carcinomas and their differentiation from benign breast masses. The results showed that 58 of the 66 cases of breast carcinoma were detected by Tc-99m-MIBI scintimammography. Only 2 our of 15 patients with benign breast lesions had an abnormal scintimammographic finding. The mammography diagnosed 55 of the 66 cases of breast carcinoma, whilst 8 out of 15 patients with benign breast lesions had positive mammographic findings. The diagnostic sensitivity specificity and accuracy of Tc-99m-MIBI scintimammography were 88% 87% and 88%, respectively, whilst these parameters for mammography were 83%, 47% and 77%, respectively, regarding the differentiation of malignant from benign breast masses. We concluded that Tc-99m-MIBI scintimammography significantly improves the sensitivity and specificity for the detection of breast cancer in Taiwanese women with dense and small breasts.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Comparison and discrepancy of 18F-2-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography and Tc-99m MDP bone scan to detect bone metastases.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of positron emission tomography with 18F-2-deoxyglucose (FDG-PET) for the detection of malignant bone metastases, and to compare FDG-PET results with conventional technetium-99m methylene diophosphate (Tc-99m MDP) bone scan findings. Twenty-four patients (10 females, 14 males, ages: 39-71 years) with biopsy-proven malignancy and suspected bone metastases, underwent whole body FDG-PET and bone scan to detect bone metastases. Bone metastases were established in 39 discordant bone lesions by histopathological examination of biopsy samples, MRI/CT, and follow-up bone scan/FDG-PET findings showing progressively and extensively widespread bone lesions. A total of 98 bone lesions found on either FDG-PET or bone scan were evaluated For 39 bone lesions with discordant findings between FDG-PET and bone scan, histopathological examination, MRI/CT and follow-up bone scan/FDG-PET findings revealed 8 metastatic and 0 benign bone lesions with positive FDG-PET findings, not detected on bone scan. Eleven metastatic and 20 benign bone lesions with positive bone scan findings were not detected on FDG-PET. FDG-PET has a better specificity, but a lower sensitivity for detecting malignant bone metastases when compared with bone scan.

Adult↗