Biomedical subjects

Y J Ho

Publications and source records attributed to Y J Ho.

88 records · Page 5Linked to original sources

PubMedDate not supplied

Whole body 18F-2-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography to restage non-small cell lung cancer.

The helpfulness of 18F-2-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) in restaging non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has not been extensively evaluated. A total of 156 patients referred for restaging of NSCLC were retrospectively evaluated. According to the classification of American Joint Committee on Cancer, stages I and II were defined as conventionally resectable, stage IIIA as locally advanced but resectable, stage IIIB as locally advanced but unresectable, and stage IV as absolutely unresectable. Compared to initial staging by chest computed tomographic findings, FDG-PET down-staged 45/156 (29%) and up-staged 52/156 (33%) NSCLCs. In addition, 37/156 (23%) patients were reclassified from resectable to unresectable and 22/156 (14%) patients were reclassified from unresectable to resectable. Our results prove the helpfulness of whole body FDG-PET for restaging NSCLC.

Biopsy↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Tissue polypeptide specific antigen (TPS) as a tumor marker in nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Tissue polypeptide specific antigen (TPS) is a new tumor marker that indicates tumor proliferative rate rather than tumor burden. The purpose of this study is to assess the clinical value of TPS in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Serum levels of TPS were measured in 60 patients with untreated NPC including 36 squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) and 24 undifferentiated carcinomas. NPC patients were separated into different subgroups based on the International Union Against Cancer (UICC) TNM classification system. Forty three healthy subjects without any evidence of malignancy or other systemic diseases were included as controls. The results showed that (1) the mean serum TPS level of the NPC patients was significantly higher than that of the healthy controls, (2) the mean serum TPS level of NPC patients with SCC was significantly higher than patients with undifferentiated carcinomas, (3) the mean serum TPS levels of NPC patients with higher TNM stages were significantly higher than those with lower TNM stages, (4) the overall diagnostic sensitivity of TPS for NPC is 58.3%, and (5) the overall diagnostic sensitivities of TPS in NPC patients with undifferentiated carcinomas and higher TNM stages were significantly higher than those with SCC and lower TNM stages. In conclusion, our results suggest that TPS may have a potential clinical role as a valuable tumor marker for NPC.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Beta-2-microglobulin (beta 2M) as a tumor marker in nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

The purpose of this study was to assess the clinical value of serum beta-2-microglobulin (beta 2M) in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). beta 2M levels were assayed in 145 Taiwanese patients with untreated NPC, including 100 squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) and 45 undifferentiated carcinomas. The 145 NPC patients were separated into different subgroups based on the International Union Against Cancer (UICC) TNM classification system. In addition, 50 healthy subjects without any evidence of malignancy or other systemic diseases were included as controls. The results showed that (1) the mean serum, beta 2M level of the 145 NPC patients was higher than that of the 50 healthy controls and (2) the mean serum beta 2M levels of NPC patients who were male, older, with SCC, with higher TNM stages, and with a shorter survival time were higher than those patients who were female, younger, with undifferentiated carcinomas, with lower TNM stages, and with a longer survival time. However, none of the differences were significant. In addition, the overall detecting sensitivity of beta 2M for NPC was only 24.1%, and the detecting sensitivities in NPC patients who were male, older, with SCC, with higher TNM stages, and with a shorter survival time were higher than those of patients who were female, younger, with undifferentiated carcinomas, with lower TNM stages, and with a longer survival time. However, these differences also were not significant. In conclusion, our results suggest the beta 2M may have limited clinical potential as a valuable tumor marker for NPC.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Detection of esophageal carcinoma using single photon emission computed tomography with technetium-99m tetrofosmin.

Technetium-99m tetrofosmin (Tc-TF) a thallium-201 (Tl-201) and technetium-99m methoxy-isobutyl-isonitrile (Tc-MIBI) competitor, being used as a new radiopharmaceuticalfor myocardial imaging was assessed to understand its value in detecting esophageal carcinoma (Eso-Ca). Forty patients with Eso-Ca underwent Tc-TF single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) of the chest. Meanwhile 15 controls also accepted Tc-TF SPECT of the chest for comparison. Among the 40 patients Tc-TF chest SPFCT detected Eso-Ca in 33 (82.5%) but not in 7 (17.5%). In contrast all 15 normal controls (100.0%) had negative Tc-TF chest SPECT Detection sensitivities were higher for tumors located in the middle portion of the esophagus for epidermoid ca and for tumors with poor differentiation when compared with tumors in the upper or lower portion for adenocarcinoma and tumors with moderate differentiation. However, the differences were not significant (p values < 0.05). Significantly higher detection sensitivity was found for tumors of larger size than for tumors of smaller size (p value < 0.05). Our results suggest that Tc-TF chest SPECT is a helpful test for detecting Eso-Ca especially larger tumors.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Technetium-99m methoxy-isobutyl-isonitrile chest single photon emission computed tomography to detect mediastinal lymph node metastasis in patients with non-small cell lung cancer: comparison with computed tomography.

This study evaluated the clinical role of Tc-99m-methoxyisobtylisonitrile (Tc-MIBI) single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) of the chest in the detection of mediastinal lymph node (MLN) metastasis in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Twenty-five patients with proven NSCLC were enrolled in this study. Each of the patients received computed tomography (CT) of the chest and Tc-MIBI SPECT of the chest for presurgical staging. A postsurgical pathologic diagnosis was made and these patients were evaluated for the study of mediastinal lymph nde (MLN) involvement. Meanwhile, 10 volunteers also accepted Tc-MIBI SPECT of the chest for comparison. The results showed that the diagnostic sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of Tc-MIBI chest SPECT were 81.8%, 85.7% and 84% and for chest CT they are 36.3%, 85.7% and 64%, respectively. Our results indicated that Tc-MIBI chest SPECT was more sensitive and accurate than chest CT in the evaluation and detection of MLN involvement in the NSCLC patients.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMedDate not supplied

The role of technetium-99m methoxyisobutylisonitrile scintimammography in diagnosis of breast cancer in patients with mammographically dense breasts.

The purpose of this study was to assess the contribution of techentium-99m methoxyisobutylisonitrile (Tc-99m sestamibi) scintimammography in the diagnosis of breast cancer in 32 female patients with indeterminate mammographic probability of malignancy because of mammographically dense breasts. All the breast masses were removed and histopathological diagnoses were obtained in all cases. The results showed that scintimammography with Tc-99m sestamibi was positive in 21 patients (20 true-positive, 4 false-positive) and negative in 11 patients (7 true-negative, 4 false-negative). The diagnostic sensitivity, specificity and accuracy rates were 83%, 88% and 84%, respectively, in the differentiation of malignant from benign breast masses in the patients with mammographically dense breasts. The detection of malignant breast tumors by Tc-99m sestamibi scintimammography was independent of the density of the breast tissue. In conclusion, Tc-99m sestamibi scintimammography appears to be a useful diagnostic method for the detection of breast cancer in patients with non-diagnostic mammograms because of mammographically dense breasts.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Technetium-99m-tetrofosmin scintigraphy in the prediction of chemotherapy response of untreated malignant lymphomas and comparison with other prognostic factors.

The aim of this study was to retrospectively predict the chemotherapy response of untreated malignant lymphomas using technetium-99m tetrofosmin (Tc-TF) scintigraphy and to compare the technique with other prognostic factors. In this study, before any chemotherapy, 25 patients with malignant lymphomas (ML) underwent Tc-TF scintigraphy. Scintigraphy was performed 10 minutes after intravenous injection of 20 mCi Tc-TF to calculate the tumor-to-normal (T/N) uptake ratio. In the first 1-2 years after complete chemotherapy, the response was evaluated by clinical and radiological methods. Compared with the 10 ML patients with poor chemotherapy response, the 15 ML patients with good response had a significantly higher mean T/N uptake ratio (3.23 +/- 0.56) versus 1.18 +/- 0.11). All of the 15 patients with good response had positive scintigraphic results whilst the 10 patients with poor response had negative scintigraphic results. When compared with other prognostic factors, Tc-TF scintigraphy was the tool to predict the chemotherapy response of ML patients.

ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Mem↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Detection of cervical lymph node metastases of nasopharyngeal carcinomas with technetium-99m tetrofosmin single photon emission computed tomography and comparison with computed tomography.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of technetium-99m tetrofosmin (Tc-99m TF) single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) in the detection of cervical lymph node (LN) metastasis in nasopharyngeal carcinomas (NPC), and to compare Tc-99m TF SPECT results with computed tomography (CT) findings. Fifty patients with biopsy-proven NPC and suspected cervical LN metastases underwent head and neck Tc-99m TF SPECT and CT to detect cervical LN metastases. Cervical LN metastases of 40 patients were confirmed by histopathological examination of biopsy samples. For 22 LN lesions with discordant results between Tc-99m TF SPECT and CT, Tc-99m TF SPECT could correctly detect 4 metastatic and 7 benign LN lesions while CT could correctly detect 5 metastatic and 6 benign LN lesions. Agreement positive results of Tc-99m TF SPECT and CT could correctly detect all of the 18 metastatic LN lesions. Tc-99m TF SPECT has a better specificity but a lower sensitivity for detecting cervical LN metastases in NPC when compared with CT. The combined use of Tc-99m TF SPECT and CT could significantly increase the accuracy of detect cervical LN metastases in NPC compared with the single use of either Tc-99m TF SPECT or CT.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Evidence of gallbladder function changes in hepatoma after transcatheter arterial embolization by quantitative Tc-99m DISIDA cholescintigraphy.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Transcatheter arterial embolization is the treatment of choice for inoperable hepatocellular carcinoma. Gallbladder infarction following transcatheter arterial embolization has been reported, therefore, the gallbladder functions were studied using the quantitative Tc-99m DISIDA cholescintigraphy in the present study. METHODOLOGY: The gallbladder functions which were presented as the filling fraction and the ejection fraction in 24 patients with hepatoma before and after transcatheter arterial embolization. The patients were separated into two groups. Group 1: 12 patients received precystic artery transcatheter arterial embolization and group 2: 12 patients received postcystic artery transcatheter arterial embolization. RESULTS: After transcatheter arterial embolization, significantly decreased both gallbladder functions of filling fraction (61.2 +/- 7.4% and 48.3 +/- 6.5%) and ejection fraction (47.8 +/- 6.0% and 36.5 +/- 5.3%) were found in group 1 patients. However, no significant change of filling fraction (59.0 +/- 5.0% and 58.8 +/- 7.4%) and ejection fraction (49.9 +/- 2.4% and 49.3 +/- 5.7%) in group 2 patients. CONCLUSIONS: Impaired gallbladder functions were common in hepatoma patients who received precystic artery transcatheter arterial embolization, and Tc-99m DISIDA cholescintigraphy may be useful for evaluating the gallbladder functions in hepatoma patients who received transcatheter arterial embolization.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Detection of cervical lymph node metastases in nasopharyngeal carcinomas: comparison between technetium-99m methoxyisobutylisonitrile single photon emission computed tomography and computed tomography.

The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of technetium-99m methoxyisobutylisonitrile (Tc-99m MIBI) single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and computed tomography (CT) of head and neck in evaluating cervical lymph node (LN) metastasis in nasopharyngeal carcinomas (NPC). Fifty NPC patients with suspected cervical LN metastases underwent Tc-99m MIBI SPECT and CT of the head and neck to evaluate cervical LN metastases. Among the 50 patient.s cervical LN lesion were confirmed by biopsy histopathological results in 40 patients. For 22 LN lesions with discordant results between Tc-99m MIBI SPECT and CT Tc-99m MIBI SPECT could correctly detect 5 metastatic and 7 benign LN lesions, while could correctly detect 5 metastatic and 6 benign LN lesions. Tc-99m MIBI SPECT and CT could correctly detect all of the 18 metastatic LN lesions. Tc-99m MIBI SPECT showed a better specificity but a lower sensitivity for detecting cervical LN metastases in NPC when compared with CT. The combined use of Tc-99m MIBI SPECT and CT could increase the accuracy, compared with the single use of either Tc-99m MIBI SPECT or CT, to detect cervical LN metastases in NPC.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Value of 18F-fluoro-2-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography in the evaluation of recurrent colorectal cancer.

To evaluate the clinical value of positron emission tomography (PET) with 18F-fluoro-2-deoxyglucose (FDG) in recurrent colorectal cancer, the records of 33 patients who underwent 34 FDG-PET scans were reviewed and compared with computed tomography (CT) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). The final diagnosis was based on operative, histopathological findings or clinical follow-up > 1 year. FDG-PET detected all 15 patients with recurrent diseases (9 local recurrences, 4 lymphatic metastases, 2 hepatic metastases and 8 pulmonary metastases) and 1 primary lung cancer. However, there were 3 false positive cases. The overall sensitivity and specificity of FDG-PET were 100% and 83%, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of CEA were 33% and 86%, respectively, for detecting recurrent colorectal cancer. Abdominal CT had a sensitivity and specificity of 78% and 61% for detecting local recurrence and detected one lymphatic and one hepatic metastasis. In conclusion, the FDG-PET was more accurate than CT and CEA for the detection of recurrent colorectal cancer. In addition, it accurately detected distant metastases or occult secondary malignancy and may affect clinical management.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Technetium-99m tetrofosmin scintigraphy for detecting malignant lymphoma.

The aim of this study was to assess the use of Tc-99m tetrofosmin (Tc-TF) scintigraphy for detecting malignant lymphomas. In the study, before any chemotherapy, 50 patients with malignant lymphoma underwent Tc-TF scintigraphy, which was performed 10 minutes after intravenous injection of 20 mCt Tc-TF. Tc-TF scintigraphy detected malignant lymphoma in 44 (88%) patients. However, there were no significant differences in the incidences of positive and negative Tc-TF scintigraphic results between female versus male patients, HD versus NHL patients, stage I-II versus stage III-IV patients, age > 40 years versus < or = 40 years patients and patients with B symptoms false-negative results occurred in 4 (8%) infradiaphragmatic malignant lymphoma. We conclude patients with that Tc-TF scintigraphy appears suitable for detecting malignant lymphoma, especially supradiaphragmatic lesions.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Asymptomatic arterio-biliary fistula after transarterial chemoembolization of metastatic liver tumors.

Arterio-biliary fistula is a rare clinical condition resulting from various causes such as iatrogenic injury and ischemic change of the bile duct. Serious clinical symptoms occur due to the shunting of high-pressure blood from the hepatic artery into the bile duct. Here we report a case of arterio-biliary fistula demonstrated by angiographic examinations. The communication appeared after repeat transarterial chemoembolization of metastatic liver tumors. The interesting point of this case was that the patient did not have any obvious clinical symptoms related to the fistula. The mechanisms responsible for this rare manifestation are discussed.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Comparison of technetium-99m methoxyisobutylisonitrile single photon emission computed tomography and computed tomography to detect recurrent or residual nasopharyngeal carcinomas after radiotherapy.

The diagnostic accuracy of technetium-99m methoxyisobutylisonitrile (Tc-MIBI) single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) of head and neck to differentiate between recurrent or residual nasopharyngeal carcinomas (NPC) and benign lesions after radiotherapy was evaluated, and compared with computed tomography (CT). Thirty-six NPC patients 4 months after radiotherapy underwent Tc-MIBI SPECT and CT of head and neck, as well as histopathological examination of nasopharyngeal biopsies. Based on the biopsy results, the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of CT were 73%, 88%, and 83%, respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of Tc-MIBI SPECT were 64%, 96%, and 86%, respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of combined Tc-MIBI SPECT and CT were 100%, 88%, and 92%, respectively. Tc-MIBI SPECT had a better specificity and a lower sensitivity to differentiate benign lesions from recurrent/residual NPC when compared with CT The combined use of CT and Tc-MIBI SPECT significantly increased accuracy compared with the single use of either Tc-MIBI SPECT or CT to differentiate benign lesions recurrent/residual NPC.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Neurilemmoma of the oculomotor nerve presenting as an orbital mass: MR findings.

Neurilemmoma of the oculomotor nerve is rare and infrequently presents as an orbital mass. We report a neurilemmoma arising from the cavernous sinus with its major part extending into the orbit. The Antoni A part of the neurilemmoma showed intermediate signal intensity in both T1- and T2-weighted MR images and exhibited postcontrast enhancement. The Antoni B part revealed hypointensity on T1-weighted images, hyperintensity in T2-weighted images, and showed no contrast enhancement.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Ependymoma of the cauda equina presenting with subarachnoid hemorrhage.

A 16-year-old girl had an ependymoma at the L2 and L3 level that bled into the dural sac, presenting clinically as intracranial subarachnoid hemorrhage. MR depicted the tumor and hemorrhage on both T1- and T2*-weighted images. The blood in the dural sac appeared hyperintense on the T1-weighted images.

Adolescent↗