Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to Y Liu.
Three compounds, N-1-(hydroxymethyl)-2-hydroxyl-(E,E)-3,7-heptadecadienal-hexadecanamide(1), batyl alcohol(2) and n-cetanol(3) were isolated from the EtOAc portion of the ethanol extract of the hard coral Acropora pulchra collected from north China sea, and their structures were determined by MS, 1HNMR, 13CNMR analysis.
A comparative study on the photosynthetic characteristics of Plagiomnium acuium(Lindb.) T. Kop. and P. maximoviozii(Lindb.) T. Kp., two overwintering host mosses for Chinese gall aphid(Schlechtendalia chinensis), was conducted by using CI-301PS in Summer and Winter. The results showed that the photosynthetic capacity of these two mosses species was 125.67 and 94.63 mumol CO2.kg-1DW.s-1 in Summer, and 58.1 and 62.1 mumol CO2.kg-1DW.s-1 in Winter, respectively. The dark respiration rates of these two species in Summer significantly exceeded those in Winter. The light complementary point of these two mosses species was in the range from 20 to 40 mumol.m-2.s-1, and light saturated point was from 200 to 400 mumol.m-2.s-1, with higher value in Summer and lower value in Winter. Their apparent quantum yields were 1.535 and 1.559 in Summer, but only 0.456 and 0.459 in Winter. The optimum temperature for photosynthesis of these two mosses species was 20 to 35 degrees C, also higher in Summer and lower in Winter. No matter which species and growing season, the temperature coefficients(Q10) measured in the range of 0-20 degrees C were similar, ranging from 1.15 to 1.23. These two moss species could maintain a certain net photosynthesis for 10-30 minutes under temperature stress from -15 to -10 degrees C and from 40 to 45 degrees C.
With high fatality rate and disability rate, the pathophysiologic changes of severe head injury are complicated. But the method of lowering intracranial pressure (ICP) through artificial hyperventilation is called in question recently. To understand the related changes of the partial pressure of carbon dioxide in artery (PaCO(2)) and the ICP at the acute period of severe head injury, a total of 64 patients with severe head injury were monitored and analyzed on the 3rd day after injury.
OBJECTIVE: To provide ideal materials for cervical burn contracture repair through a morphological study of free flaps of the scapular region. METHODS: Variform free flaps of the scapular region were designed according to the cervical defect after scar had been resected. The angiosomes of each cutaneous branch of the circumflex scapular artery (CSA) were observed and investigated through uninterrupted extension of the flap size. RESULTS: A total of 73 cases of cervical burn contracture have been treated with free flaps of different shapes of the scapular region since 1992. 41 were fusiform flaps pedicled on ascending and descending branches of the CSA. 26 were three-lobe flaps pedicled on ascending, transverse and descending branches of the CSA. 6 cases were two-lobe flaps pedicled on transverse and ascending or branches of the CSA. Two fusiform flaps necrosed owing to atherosclerosis and hyperemesis. The survival rate of the flaps was 97.26%. CONCLUSIONS: The free flaps of scapular region could be designed in different based on the three cutaneous branches of the CSA. More diverse designs can be expected since the report of the inflamammary branches of the CSA recently.
OBJECTIVE: To report the application of the parascapular free flap extending to the inframammary fold. METHODS: The longitudinal axis of the free flap lay curvilinearly from the inframammary fold to the circumflex scapular artery at the trilateral foramen. The largest flap was 32 cm x 11 cm. RESULTS: The flap was successfully used in 4 female patients to repair their facial and cervical burn scar. All the flaps survived well. CONCLUSIONS: The parascapular free flap extending to the inframammary fold enlarged the range of the flap application. The donor-site scar of the flap is well hidden within the inframammary fold. Thus the unavoidable widening and hypertrophy of the donor-site scar of the traditional-designed parascapular or scapular flap were minimized. This flap will apply to male patients also.
OBJECTIVE: To assess the risk factors in the pathogenicity of irritable bouel syndrome(IBS) in Zhanjiang city. METHODS: Two hundred and seven IBS patients were randomly selected and compared with "healthy" people diagnosed in the same hospital during the same period. Roles of major risk factors to IBS were studied through using a case-control study. RESULTS: Family history of hysteria or mental disease and vegetorsis was closely related to IBS, with ORs 3 and 4 respectively. There was alse close relationship between IBS and psychic trauma, often taking antibiotics, tension at work and eating sweet potato or cassava, with ORs between 1 and 2. CONCLUSION: Our investigation suggested that the six major risk factors mentioned above played important roles in the progression of IBS in Zhanjiang city.
Staged combustion was carried out on laboratory-scale pulverized coal combustion with different absorbents. The experiment indicated staged combustion increased emission of submicron particles, which went against the control of trace elements, especially for those of high volatile elements, such as Cu, Ni. The thermodynamics calculation also indicate the transformation of trace metal was different with different atmosphere, suboxidized and reduced species were more easily formed under reduced condition. In both conditions, absorbents show a certain absorptive ability to trace metal, and different absorbent had different ability. For unstaged combustion, kaolinite was the best for Co, Cr and Ni; dolomite for Be, and CaO for Cu. But for under staged condition, HZ- dolomite was the best for Be, Cr and Ni; Kaolinite for Co and Cu.
Twelve polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were measured in eight homes in Hangzhou during the summer and autumn in 1999. The sources of PAHs and the contributions of the sources to the total concentration of PAHs in the indoor air were identified by the combination of correlation analysis, factor analysis and multiple regression, and the equations between the concentrations of PAHs in indoor and outdoor air and factors were got. It was indicated that the factors of PAHs in the indoor air were domestic cuisine, the volatility of the mothball, cigarette smoke and heating, the waste gas from vehicles. In the smokers' home, cigarette smoke was the most important factor, and it contributed 25.8% of BaP to the indoor air of smokers' home.
OBJECTIVE: To prove the hypothesis that there may be different tumor suppressor genes (TSGs) involved in genesis of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and adenocarcinoma (ADC) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in the Chinese. METHODS: Twenty-two microsatellite markers flanking to or within 13 identified or candidate TSGs were used to detect loss of heterozygosity (LOH) in these regions in the specimens of 28 SCC patients and 13 ADC patients. RESULTS: Our data demonstrated frequent allelic loss of FHIT, p53, IFNA, VHL and p16 both in SCC and ADC. Three genes, PRLTS, PTEN and p57, showed statistically significant differences in the LOH frequency between SCC and ADC. CONCLUSION: The comparison of LOH frequencies between SCC and ADC indicates possible correlation between specific tumor suppressor genes and each type of lung cancer. The results also suggest that more attention should be paid to the PRLTS gene, which may play an important role in the development of ADC.
OBJECTIVE: To understand: a) measles antibody levels in purpura and their newborns, and the relation between them, b) maternal transferred measles antibody level of different age group infants, c) immunization rates of success in 6 and 8 month old infants, d) to study measles control countermeasures on infants. METHOD: To test measles IgG antibody levels of infant's blood using ELISA method. RESULTS: Antibody levels of measles in 58 pairs of mother and their newborns, 51 pairs were the same, while 7 pairs were different. Measles antibody levels in newborns was not high and reduced to 50% in 3 months, 20% in 6 months, and 15% in 8 months. The antibody levels in 6 and 8 month olds were low, nearly no protection to children. It was found that rates of immunization success and the antibody distribution were not statistically different between 6 and 8 months olds after measles vaccination. CONCLUSION: It was found that the measles antibody level in most matured women was low. Since mother's measles antibody level has close relation to their newborns, it seems that the newborn's antibody level can be improved by vaccination to matured women. In order to reduce morbidity of infant measles, the age of first vaccination of measles vaccine should be changed from 8 months old to 6 months old in some regions.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the therapeutic effects and safety of flexible open-loop anterior chamber intraocular lens (FOAC-IOL). METHODS: By ultrasound biomicroscopy, the positions of the haptics of FOAC-IOL in 20 patients (20 eyes) and the relationships of the haptics with iris and anterior chamber angle structures were observed postoperatively to evaluate the impact of these lenses on the structures of ocular anterior segment. Follow-up duration was from 6 to 20 months. RESULTS: Among 40 IOL's haptics, twenty-six haptics were fixed at the recess of the chamber angle; and other fourteen haptics penetrated the iris and invaded into the ciliary stroma, which caused recurrent uveitis. There was 1 eye with eccentric lens. There were 8 eyes with anterior synechiae of iris, which were related to the haptics of intraocular lens. CONCLUSIONS: Ultrasound biomicroscopy works well in dynamic observation of the influence of intraocular lens on ocular anterior segment. The haptics of flexible open-loop anterior chamber intraocular lens should be modified.
OBJECTIVE: To observe the in situ expression of TNF mRNA and protein in myocardial cell, so as to explore the possible mechanism of early myocardial injury in scalded rats with endotoxemia. METHODS: One hundred and seventy eight Wistar rats inflicted with 20% TBSA III degree napalm burn compound with endotoxemia and multiple organ injury were employed as the model and were randomly divided into four groups as follow. (1) burn and infusion group (BI): the rats were burned and infused with endotoxin. (2) simple burn group (S): the rats were burned only. (3) simple endotoxin infusion group (EI): the rats were only infused with endotoxin. (4) normal control (C). The observation time points were designed to be 0.5, 1, 3, 6, 12, 24 and 48 postburn hours (PBH). The morphological and functional changes in rat myocardium, the change in serum TNFalpha, the cellular location and distribution of TNFalpha mRNA and proteins were observed by light microscope (LM), electronic microscope (EM), ELISA, immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization staining. RESULTS: There exhibited a series of pathomorphological changes in the myocardium at early postburn stage in rats of BI group, such as wavy degeneration of myocardial fibers, the formation of contractile bands, fragmentation of myocardial fibers and focal cytoplasmic lysis, etc. The left ventricular systolic pressure (LVSP) and the maximum change rate of intraventricular pressure (plus minus dp/dtmax) decreased significantly (P < 0.01). Serum TNFalpha level increased obviously at 1 PBH (P < 0.01) and peaked at 3 similar 6 PBH. It was found that TNFalpha mRNA was principally located in myocardial cells and in a part of inflammatory cells. But these milder pathomorphological changes in myocardial injury were found in rats of S and EI groups. In addition, there appeared elapsed TNFalpha peak values and relative weaker expression of myocardial TNFalpha mRNA. CONCLUSION: TNFalpha mRNA and protein could be expressed in myocardium in burned rats with endotoxemia which might be one of the origins of TNF in participating in the development of early postburn myocardial structural and functional injury.
OBJECTIVE: To analyse the long-term outcome of various therapeutic protocol for the treatment of chronic granulocytic leukemia (CGL). METHODS: Median duration of chronic phase, survival and transformation of 331 CGL patients treated with different project were retrospectively analyzed. RESULT: Longer chronic phase and survival and lower percentage of transformation were found in patients using mesoindigo as maintaining treatment as compared with those using busulfan as maintaining treatment. The effect of meisoindigo and hydroxyurea showed no significant difference. These two drugs were both superior to bulsufan. Combination chemotherapy was not superior to meisoindigo, hydroxyurea or busulfan alone. Interferon had the best therapeutic effectiveness for the treatment of CGL. CONCLUSION: Busulfan was not suitable for maintaining treatment. Meisoindigo or meisoindigo combined with hydroxyurea was good choices for maintaining treatment. Meisoindigo and hydroxyurea had better effect in combination than alone. Interferon could significantly prolong the chronic period and survival period of CGL patients.
OBJECTIVE: To establish a simple, rapid carrier detection and prenatal diagnosis system for hemophilia A. METHODS: Intron 22 inversion in FVIII gene was directly examined by long distance polymerase chain reaction. Polymorphism of factor VIII intragenic RFLP of Bcl I, STR within intron 13 and 22, and extragenic DXS 52 (St 14) VNTR loci by hereditary linkage analysis were assayed. RESULTS: The diagnostic rates of these loci were 47.6% (intron 22 inversion), 27.8% (Bcl I), 28.6% and 29.4% (STR within intron 13 and 22), and 81.3% (DXS52), respectively. The overall diagnostic rate in 21 families was 94.7%. CONCLUSIONS: The diagnosis in hemophilia A patients or carriers can be made if intron 22 inversion is present. The intragenic and extragenic loci hereditary linkage analysis could be used to establish the diagnosis in intron 22 inversion negative patients.
OBJECTIVE: To study the molecular mechanism contributing to hormone resistance of nephrotic syndrome. METHODS: The specific hormone binding sites of receptor was determined by radioligand binding assay. Messenger RNA of receptor was determined by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: No significant differences of specific hormone binding sites of peripheral white blood cells were observed among hormone-sensitive patients, hormone-resistant patients and healthy volunteers. However, in hormone-resistant patients, GR alpha/GR beta mRNA ratio decreased significantly as compared with that of hormone-sensitive patients and healthy volunteers. CONCLUSION: Results of the experiments indicated that the increased expression of GR beta, which leads to the decrease of the GR alpha/GR beta ratio, may be one of the mechanism responsible for hormone resistance in some nephrotic syndrome patients.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of contrast medium, especially large dose of Iopromide, on renal functions. METHODS: 100 hospitalized patients who were going to have cardiac or renal angiography were selected. 96 patients had normal renal functions and 4 had slightly abnormal renal functions. Scr, Ccr, urine gamma-GT and urine glucose were monitored on the first, third and fifth day after angiography. RESULTS: All the 100 patients were administered with Iopromide. Of the 96 patients with normal renal functions, all had elevated urine gamma-GT on the first day after giving Iopromide; the level returned to normal on the third day. There was no significant change of Scr and Ccr after angiography. Of the 4 patients with abnormal renal functions, all had significant change of Scr and Ccr after using Iopromide and the levels of both returned to pre-angiography level on the fifth day. CONCLUSIONS: In patients with normal renal functions, Iopromide may cause transient elevation of urine gamma-GT level and positive urine glucose. In patients with slightly abnormal renal functions, Iopromide may cause significant decrease of Ccr and increase of Scr. However, with proper treatment, these indexes may return to pre-angiography level on the fifth day after angiography.
OBJECTIVE: To study the expression of inducible NOS in oral carcinoma and it's relationship with the expression of VEGF, MVD and lymphatic metastasis. METHODS: With 9 cases of normal oral mucosa as control, the expression of iNOS in 41 cases of oral carcinoma was evaluated by immunohistochemistry SP staining. Meanwhile MVD and the expression of VEGF were also detected. RESULTS: The expression rate of iNOS in 41 cases was 63.41%, and the rate between N+ group and N- group was significantly different (P < 0.01). There were significant difference of MVD (P < 0.001) and of the expression of VEGF(P < 0.05) among groups of different iNOS expression level. CONCLUSIONS: The expression of iNOS in oral carcinomas is high, and it is closely related to angiogenesis and lymphatic metastasis. The expression of iNOS probably takes part in VEGF's angiogenic effect.
To prevent post-transfusion toxoplasmosis, the sera of blood donors, per six of which were mixed as a pool, were examined for anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibiodies by Dot-immunogold silver staining (Dot-IGSS) with the single serum specimens examined simultaneously. The results showed that the sensitivity and specificity of serum pool method were 92.31% and 99.96% respectively. The consistent rate between the two methods was 99.73% and kappa value was 0.947 (p<0.01). Considering the mean infection rate of Toxoplasma gondii being 4.86% in China, if the serum pool method be adoped, with pool size k=5, a 57% reduction in the number of tests, as well as the cost of the screen, can be expected. Beside the social benefit, consequent upon the interruption of the Toxoplasma gondii infection spread through blood transfusion also can be expected.