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Biomedical subjects

Y Perol

Publications and source records attributed to Y Perol.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1993

[4 new cases of neuromyositis, one of them associated with HTLV-I infection].

Neuromyositis is a very rare type of polymyositis where, beside the usual muscular manifestations, there are signs of peripheral neuropathy which can be found at clinical, electromyographic and/or pathological examination. We have seen between 1983 and 1990 four cases of neuromyositis. The neurological disorder was an axonopathy in two cases which is usual in neuromyositis; in the other two cases, there was a polyradiculoneuritis which seems to be very rare in this syndrome. In the four patients the disease was particularly severe and unresponsive to treatment. One of our patients had HTLV-I infection diagnosed by polymerase chain reaction amplification and in situ hybridization, while the serological test was negative. To our knowledge only three cases of HTLV-I associated neuromyositis have been reported in the literature.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Chlamydia trachomatis: risk factors in women in the Parisian region. Importance of smoking and cervical ectropion].

A study of chlamydial infection and its clinical correlates was undertaken collaboratively among french women attending sexually transmitted disease (STD, prenatal, and teen clinics (n = 148). A complete sexual and gynecologic history and pelvic exam was performed on all women. Endocervical and urethral cultures were obtained for C. trachomatis and N. gonorrhoeae. Reason for visit included suspected STD in 97% of STD, 5% of prenatal and 17% of teen women. N. gonorrhoeae was isolated from STD clinic patients only (17%). C. trachomatis was found in 22% of teen, 17% of STD and 2% of prenatal clinic women. C. trachomatis was significantly associated with smoking, a history of urethral discharge in the male partner, and endocervical ectopy > 50% of total cervical surface.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

The use of labeled fusion protein for detection of B19 parvovirus IgM antibodies by an immunocapture test.

A new anti-B19 IgM ELISA was developed taking advantage of antibody-capture with biotinylated fusion protein as antigen. Specificity was examined using serum IgM antibody positive for rubella, hepatitis B core antigen, cytomegalovirus and Epstein-Barr virus as well as with sera positive for rheumatoid factors or antinuclear antibodies. The specificity was found to be 96%. Of one hundred serum samples compared using the new ELISA or the standard MACRIA tests for the presence of B19 IgM, 88 gave the same results. Fifty-three were negative and 35 were positive. Six sera were ELISA-negative MACRIA-positive, and six MACRIA-negative ELISA-positive. Thus, the ELISA gave 90% agreement with MACRIA. In a clinical study with 725 sera from suspected B19 infections, 161 (22%) were found positive by ELISA. The positive sera were from patients suffering from arthritis (35%), rash (35%), acute or chronic erythroblastopenia (21%), pancytopenia (5%), vascular purpura (2%) and lymphadenopathy (2%). A series of serum specimens obtained from two-B19 infected individuals were also studied. The IgM antibody became undetectable after four months.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1991

Use of PCR amplification for diagnosis of HTLV-I infection after blood transfusion.

We studied the seroconversion to human T-cell leukemia virus type-1 (HTLV-I) in two immunocompromised patients after transfusions of cellular blood components. One patient produced IgM antibodies against the viral p19 protein 149 days post-transfusion (a serum on day 43 was negative). Both patients showed indeterminate Western-blots (IgG anti-p19 and anti-gp46 but no anti-p24). Using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with two primer pairs (SK43/44 and SK54/56), we demonstrated HTLV-I infection prior to seroconversion. This infection was confirmed by Southern blot.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

Prophylaxis of bacterial infections after bone marrow transplantation. A randomized prospective study comparing oral broad-spectrum nonabsorbable antibiotics (vancomycin-tobramycin-colistin) to absorbable antibiotics (ofloxacin-amoxicillin).

Bacterial infection is a common complication after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. It is related to the toxic effects of the conditioning regimen on mucosal surfaces, to bone marrow aplasia and to the prolonged lymphopenia with immune deficiency that lasts for several weeks after bone marrow transplantation. We have performed a prospective randomized study comparing two methods of prophylaxis. Group I (OA) received a combination of ofloxacin 400 mg/day and amoxicillin 20 g/day; group II (VTC) received the oral nonabsorbable antibiotics vancomycin 450 mg/day, tobramycin 450 mg/day and colistin 4.5.10(6) units daily, from day -15 to 15 days after discharge from laminar air flow (LAF) rooms. All patients were nursed in LAF rooms with a strict isolation procedure and sterile water and food. They were evaluated daily for clinical symptoms, and bacterial culture samples were taken from the throat, stools and blood twice weekly. Forty-four patients were randomized, 22 entered in group I (OA) and 22 in group II (VTC). There were no differences between the two groups in age (mean 33 years, range 11-54), sex, diagnosis and mean duration of agranulocytosis (21.8 days, range 10-49). Seven patients were excluded because of the selection of a resistant bacteria, 5 were in group I (OA), and 2 were in group II (VTC). The mean duration of fever was 9.2 +/- 7.1 days in group I (OA) and 13.7 +/- 6.8 days in group II (VTC; p = 0.05). There were no significant differences between the two groups in graft-versus-host disease.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Prevalence of HIV-1, HIV-2 and HTLV-1 infections. Experience in a Parisian center for sexually transmitted diseases].

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is, to a great extent, a sexually transmitted disease (STD). Its diffusion among the heterosexual population is still limited. STD treatment centres are particularly well organized to watch this diffusion. At the STD centre of the Saint-Louis hospital, Paris, we conducted a 6-week prospective study concerning the systematic detection of HIV-1 infection in 240 consecutive female out-patients in 1988, and in 504 male out-patients in 1989. The results obtained were as follow: 5/240 women (2.1 percent) and 19/504 men (3.8 percent) were seropositive for HIV-1. Out of these 24 subjects, 15 did not know they were seropositive. Predictive factors for seropositivity were male homosexuality, addiction to heroin and, in women, drug addicts as sex partners. Altogether, 23 of the 24 seropositive subjects had the classical risk factors for HIV-1 infection. None of the 744 subjects in this study were HIV-2 seropositive, and only 1 out of 504 men was HTLV-1 seropositive. We conclude that the prevalence of HIV-1 infection was high in our centre, and this prompts us to suggest that the serological test should be proposed to all out-patients and that patient's education and preventive measures should be organized by STD centres, even though the infection is still limited to patients at a particularly high risk (drug addicts, homosexuals, country of origin).

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Cat-scratch disease bacteria.

Cat-scratch disease is a benign inoculative lymphoreticulosis, related to the presence of a polymorph bacillus, Warthin-Stary silver stained, Gram negative as assessed by Brown-Hopp staining. It is found in the capillary walls and in macrophages bordering the lymph node sinusoids at the site of inoculation, in regional subacute adenopathy before softening, in internal organs and blood cultures of systemic infections, occurring more often in immuno-compromised patients. These bacteria have been demonstrated in subcutaneous vascular nodules, near to histiocytoid hemangioma in AIDS patients; these lesions are very similar to early stage Kaposi's sarcomas. This bacteria is provisionally listed as G 1492 by the Center for Disease Control.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1990

B19 chronic bone marrow failure: a persistent parvovirus infection of humans.

The human parvovirus B19 may produce persistent infections with chronic bone marrow failure in immunocompromised hosts. Despite poor data on the pathophysiologic basis of such infections, it is likely that immune humoral response plays an important part. Indeed, administration of immunoglobulin preparation may help to control the course of B19 chronic infections.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1990

Development of an IgM antibody capture test using labelled fusion protein as antigen for diagnosis of B19 human parvovirus infections.

A new anti-B19 IgM ELISA was developed using the antibody-capture principle. Biotinylated fusion protein was used as antigen. The specificity of the test was analysed using sera IgM positive to rubella, hepatitis B core antigen, cytomegalovirus and Epstein Barr virus as well with sera positive for rheumatoid factors, antinuclear antibodies and with sera from normal blood donors. The specificity of the test was 96.18%. One hundred serum samples were tested by the new ELISA and the standard MACRIA tests for the presence of B19 IgM. Eighty-eight sera gave the same results with both tests. Fifty-three were negative and 35 were positive. Six sera were ELISA negative MACRIA positive and six MACRIA negative ELISA positive. In a clinical study with 725 sera from suspected B19 infections, 161 (22%) were recorded as positive by the ELISA test. The positive sera were from patients suffering from arthritis (35%), rash (35%), acute or chronic erythroblastopenia (21%), pancytopenia (5%), vascular purpura (2%) and lymphadenopathy (2%).

Capsid↗
PubMed1990

[Microbiological study of male genital ulcers. Apropos of 75 cases].

Between November 1986 and June 1987, the microbial aetiology of genital ulcers was assessed in 75 male patients attending the Sexually Transmitted Disease (STD) clinic in Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris. Evidence of Haemophilus ducreyi was found in 18 patients (24%), Herpes simplex virus in 19 (25.3%). Syphilis was diagnosed on the basis of dark field microscopy and/or positive serology test in 19 patients (25.3%). Lymphogranuloma venereum was not diagnosed in any patient. Primary pathogens were not identified from the remaining 19 (25.3%) men. Neisseria gonorrhoea was isolated in five patients, from the ulcer in three cases, from the urethra in two. Asymptomatic urethral carriage of Chlamydia trachomatis was culture proven in seven cases. The presence of IgM antibodies to C. trachomatis at a titre greater than 40 found in 17 patients was a indication of a current chlamydial infection. Three patients (4%) were discovered to be HIV-1 positive.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Measurement of bacterial and fungal air counts in two bone marrow transplant units.

We evaluated air contamination with bacteria and fungi in a transplantation unit, successively housed in two buildings. Bacterial air contamination was least in laminar air flow rooms, and reduced in ultraclean air rooms in comparison with conventional rooms. Similar results were obtained with culture of air for fungi.

Air Microbiology↗
PubMed1989

Lymphogranuloma venereum: 27 cases in Paris.

Twenty-seven men with laboratory-confirmed lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV) were identified among 211 patients tested for LGV or chancroid during a 6-y period. The patients with LGV ranged in age from 17 to 73 y; most were from countries other than France. Twenty-five sought care because of inguinal adenopathy (with spontaneous draining fistulae in two patients) and two because of proctitis. Chlamydia trachomatis was isolated from nine patients; all isolates were the LGV biovar as demonstrated by biologic characterization and monoclonal antibody reactivity. In patients without isolation of C. trachomatis, the diagnosis was based on chlamydial complement fixation antibody titers greater than or equal to 1:32 (mean titer, 1:128). Genital herpes was an associated diagnosis in one patient and syphilis in two patients. Serologic evidence of exposure to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 was present in five patients and to HIV-2 in one patient.

Adolescent↗