Biomedical subjects

Y Tanimoto

Publications and source records attributed to Y Tanimoto.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources

PubMed1991

[Successful complete repair of interrupted aortic arch and associated with DiGeorge syndrome in neonate].

We report a rare case of interrupted aortic arch and a right aortic arch associated with DiGeorge syndrome, in neonate. Through a median sternotomy bypass was established placing an arterial perfusion cannula both in the ascending aorta, and in the main pulmonary artery. The right and left pulmonary arteries were temporarily occluded, while this pulmonary cannula perfused the lower part of the body. The arch reconstruction was performed during profound hypothermic total circulatory arrest. The right descending aorta had an adequate length and direct anastomosis was carried out without any tension. The VSD was repaired through a right atrial approach. The patient had hypocalcemia and thymic abnormalities which was consistent with the DiGeorge syndrome. He was treated with calcium gluconate and alfacalcidol, but no serious infection due to immunodeficiency was seen after operation. Post operative catheterization revealed no pressure gradient at the site anastomosis of the aortic arch and satisfactory results.

Aorta, Thoracic↗

PubMed1991

[Studies on IgG subclass antibodies in adult asthma. 1. Serum antigen specific IgG subclass antibodies in asthmatics with late asthmatic response].

It is clear that immediate asthmatic response is mediated by IgE-dependent mechanisms. However, late asthmatic response is induced by inhalation of antigens without antigen specific IgE antibodies in some asthmatics, especially in intractable asthma induced by Candida antigen. To elucidate the relationship between those bronchial responses and antibodies, antigen specific IgG subclass antibodies in sera from asthmatics were measured and compared with IgE antibody. The results were as follows. 1. Avidin-biotin ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) method was established for the measurement of specific IgG and IgG subclass antibodies to mite or Candida antigen. 2. Serum levels of antigen specific IgG and IgG1 antibodies in asthmatics with LAR provoked by mite or Candida antigen were significantly higher than those in asthmatics without LAR (p less than 0.01). 3. Serum levels of specific IgE antibody to these antigens in asthmatics with LAR provoked by mite or Candida antigen were slightly lower than those in asthmatics without LAR, though the difference is not significant. These results suggest that high serum levels of specific IgG and IgG1 antibodies to these antigens play a role in inducing LAR in asthmatics with LAR.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1991

[Clinical results of free (aorta-coronary) internal thoracic artery grafting].

In the two year period from 1989 to 1990, 22 patients (18 men, 4 women; age range from 40 to 59 years) underwent coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) using in situ and free internal thoracic arteries (ITAs). 23 of total 38 ITA grafts were free grafts in the aorta-coronary position, mainly to provide sufficient graft length. All of 34 ITA grafts were patent in 20 patients with coronary arteriography about one month after operation. There were no early and late death, and all patients were free from angina after a 9.4 month mean follow-up. Perioperative complications included reoperation for the bleeding in one case and the elevation of left diaphragm in one case, but there was no other major complication such as perioperative myocardial infarction, cerebral infarction or mediastinitis. These results indicated that the free ITA could be applied as well as the in situ ITA in multiple CABG of the Japanese with good patency rate and low operative risk.

Adult↗

PubMed1990

Multiple free (aorta-coronary) gastroepiploic artery grafting.

The use of in situ gastroepiploic artery grafts has been reported recently. In the present case, the in situ gastroepiploic artery was too short to graft both the diagonal and the obtuse marginal branches of the coronary arteries in a patient with diffuse coronary artery disease. The free (aorta-coronary) gastroepiploic artery graft was anastomosed to both arteries to form a Y graft.

Anastomosis, Surgical↗

PubMed1990

Effect of chemical carcinogens on cholesterol biosynthetic pathways in the skin of mice.

The metabolism of zymosterol and mevalonic acid was studied in vitro using the skin homogenates of 3-methylcholanthrene (3MC), diazacholesterol-treated and untreated mice. In normal mouse skin only lathosterol was a major metabolite and the other metabolites, cholesta-5,7,24-trien-3 beta-ol, desmosterol, cholesterol and 7-dehydrocholesterol were much less abundant. However, in the skin homogenate of mice treated with 3MC lathosterol production was depressed, while the production of cholesta-5,7,24-trien-3 beta-ol and desmosterol was significantly increased, the cholesterol level being normal or a little higher. In contrast, in the skin homogenate of mice administered diazacholesterol the production of both lathosterol and cholesterol was almost completely blocked with the slightly increased production of cholesta-5,7,24-trien-3 beta-ol and desmosterol. The metabolism in vitro of [2-14C]-mevalonic acid was quite similar to that of zymosterol, and no additional product which might possibly have been produced by the Kandutsch-Russell pathway was observed. Two pathways for cholesterol biosynthesis, therefore, may exist in mouse skin; the first is lanosterol----zymosterol----5 alpha-cholesta-7,24-dien-3 beta-ol----lathosterol----7-dehydrocholesterol----cholesterol, and the second by Bloch: lanosterol----zymosterol----5 alpha-cholesta-7,24-dien-3 beta-ol----cholesta-5,7,24-trien-3 beta-ol----desmosterol----cholesterol. When mouse skin is treated with 3-MC the former pathway is virtually blocked and the latter is stimulated, keeping the level of cholesterol in the tissue constant or a little higher than normal, which seems to be a significant change in the early stage of chemical carcinogenesis.

Animals↗

PubMed1990

Descriptive epidemiology of non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus detected by urine glucose screening in school children in Japan.

During the period from 1974 through 1988, we annually examined approximately 225,000 to 386,400 school children residing in Tokyo for glycosuria to detect juvenile diabetes. If the first test was positive for glucose, glycosuria was confirmed by a second test. In children who gave a positive result in both the first and second tests 0-GTT were performed. All 124 patients were diagnosed as NIDDM according to the criteria of the WHO Report on Diabetes of 1985. The incidence of NIDDM in children in Japan has increased in recent years and from 1984 to 1986 was approximately 3.8 per 100,000 per year. The frequency of NIDDM increases with age up to 14 years. In about 84% of cases, the body weight at diagnosis is more than 20% above the ideal weight and the height is often above average. There is a high frequency in families with a history of diabetes. Diet and exercise therapy in newly diagnosed patients irrespective of the presence or absence of obesity may result in remission, but some cases may require insulin therapy or oral administration of a hypoglycemic drug to obtain a better glycemic control. Children with NIDDM are more likely to be complicated by incipient retinopathy within two years after diagnosis than those with IDDM. Therefore, it is important to keep strict glycemic control to prevent diabetic complications in NIDDM children just as in juvenile onset IDDM.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1990

Species difference in metabolism of strychnine with liver microsomes of mice, rats, guinea pigs, rabbits and dogs.

The metabolism of strychnine was studied with hepatic microsomes of rats, mice, guinea pigs, rabbits and dogs, using high-performance liquid chromatography. Eight metabolites were found by the incubation with rabbit liver microsomes. Five of them were identified as strychnine N-oxide (St N-oxide), 2-hydroxystrychnine (2-OH St), strychnine 21,22-epoxide, 16-hydroxystrychnine (16-OH St) and 18-oxostrychnine by comparing the chromatographic and spectral data to those of authentic samples. Significant differences in metabolic profiles of strychnine were observed among the above species. The main metabolite in rats and mice was 16-OH St, while in guinea pigs and rabbits, and in dogs, it was 2-OH St, and St N-oxide, respectively. The metabolic activity in guinea pig liver microsomes was much higher than those of other species. There seems to be a fairly good inverse correlation between the metabolic activity and strychnine toxicity in guinea pigs and other animal species.

Animals↗

PubMed1990

[Clinical results of sequential and "Y" grafting with the internal mammary artery].

One hundred and sixty-five patients (125 men, 40 women; age ranged from 40 to 81 years), underwent coronary artery bypass grafting in the 3 years period from 1986 to 1988. The internal mammary artery (IMA) was applied to 125 patients (75.8%). The sequential left IMA grafting to the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) and the diagonal branch (Dg) was performed in 9 out of 125 patients. In 3 of 9 patients, the right IMA was simultaneously grafted to the obtuse marginal branch (OM). In situ bilateral IMAs grafting to the LAD and Dg or LAD and OM were used in 13 patients. In three patients, "Y" grafting (the free right IMA was anastomosed to the side of the in situ left IMA) was performed for LAD and Dg. Eighty-one of 82 IMA grafts (99%) were patent about 1 month after operation. Three patients (1.8%) died during hospitalization, one from Low Output Syndrome, two from cerebral infarction. Perioperative complication included myocardial infarction in 5 (3.0%), cerebral infarction in 10 (6.0%). We concluded that the IMA could be applied in multivessel grafting as well as single vessel grafting in severe diffuse coronary artery disease in the Japanese, and the early patency was good even in the sequential and "Y" grafting.

Adult↗

PubMed1990

[A case of anomalous right pulmonary venous drainage to high segment of superior vena cava with intact atrial septum--surgical repair by cavoatrioplasty avoiding injury to the sinoatrial node and its feeding artery].

Surgical repair of anomalous right pulmonary venous drainage to the high segment of the superior vena cava (SVC) with intact atrial septum in a 5-year-old girl by cavoatrioplasty avoiding injury to the sinoatrial (SA) node and its feeding artery is described. The procedure was composed of #1: an oblique incision at the anterior wall of SVC above the anomalous right pulmonary veins (ARPVs) and closure of the lower end of the SVC, making the lower segment of SVC the ARPV channel, #2: a fan-shaped incision at the base of the right atrial (RA) appendage and suturing the cephalad flap over a created atrial septal defect, diverting the ARPV flow through the SVC into the left atrium, and #3: reconstruction of continuity between the cephalad end of the SVC and the RA by suturing the RA appendage flap over the lower segment of SVC. Pulmonary valvotomy was also done for concomitant pulmonary stenosis. Postoperative course of the patient was excellent, with constant normal sinus rhythm. Angiography one month after operation showed no stenosis of the SVC and pulmonary venous pathways. The method reported here was considered to have following advantages: It employs simple and short incisions, avoids injury to the SA node its feeding artery, and achieves wide and nonobstructive pathways of both SVC and pulmonary venous return without using foreign material.

Child, Preschool↗

PubMed1990

[A case of intimal dissection of the left internal mammary artery grafting].

A 73-year-old man underwent reoperation using the in situ left internal mammary artery (IMA) because of the stenosis of the vein graft to the left anterior descending artery (LAD). The patient recovered free from angina but angiography performed 1 month after operation revealed the dissection of intima of the left IMA. Use of the IMA in coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is now generally accepted as the optimal method of myocardial revascuralization and the use of the left IMA to the LAD has become a routine procedure in our CABG surgery. However, because the IMA wall is friable and disruption occurs easily, especially in the elder, much care should be taken during mobilization of the IMA.

Aged↗

PubMed1990

[Shortest route for in situ left thoracic artery to left anterior descending coronary artery].

For coronary artery bypass grafting, the internal thoracic artery (ITA) graft carries a greater long-term patency and a decreased need for reoperation when compared with the saphenous vein graft. However, the number and length of ITAs limit their use. In an effort to extend the use of the ITA and to improve patency, we evaluated the shorter course from the left ITA (LITA) origin to the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD). We compared the distance using the conventional route over the lung (20 patients) with that using the newly-devised route medial to the lung and through the pericardial incision (20 patients). The distance using the route medial to the lung and through the pericardial incision was 12.6 +/- 1.4 cm (mean +/- SD), which was shorter compared with 15.1 +/- 1.1 cm of the route over the lung (p less than 0.01). And also the route medial to the lung and through the pericardial incision could avoid the danger of strectching or kinking by the inflated left lung. From these results, we concluded that the use of the route medial to the lung and through the pericardial incision was better method of extending the use of the in situ LITA to LAD.

Coronary Artery Bypass↗

PubMed1989

Angiography of right gastroepiploic artery for coronary artery bypass graft.

We describe the angiographic technique of grafting the right gastroepiploic artery to the coronary artery. With the femoral approach, our specially devised catheter was placed in the common hepatic artery or gastroduodenal artery. The gastroepiploic artery and graft to the coronary artery were visualized satisfactorily by manual injection of contrast media.

Angiography↗

PubMed1989

Echocardiographic assessment of aneurysm of the aortic valve caused by infective endocarditis--a case report.

No aneurysm of the aortic valve associated with infective endocarditis has yet been reported. This report describes the clinical echocardiographic and pathologic findings in a patient who developed infective endocarditis resulting in aneurysm of the non-coronary cusp with aortic regurgitation. Surgical treatment was performed because of gradual expansion of the aneurysm and gradual thinning of its wall. Two-dimensional and color Doppler echocardiographies proved useful for the initial diagnosis and serial follow-up of this unusual case and for its successful surgical management.

Aortic Valve↗

PubMed1989

Separation and quantification of serum alkaline phosphatase isozymes in the rat by affinity electrophoresis.

The purpose of this study was to examine the possibility of separation and quantification of serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) isozymes in rats by wheatgerm lectin affinity electrophoresis. Cellulose acetate electrophoresis of the liver and bone ALPs without lectin results in overlapping bands, but in the presence of lectin, the mobility of the band of bone enzyme was retarded and well separated from the liver enzyme band. With this affinity electrophoretic method, we determined the serum ALP isozymes in fed and fasting rats grouped by age. As a result, the absolute activity of bone isozyme showed a downward trend with age in the fed and fasting rats. The serum ALP activity was steadily higher in fed rats than in fasting rats, and the increase was due to intestinal ALP isozyme. There was low activity bordering complete absence in liver isozyme under both nutritional conditions. The affinity electrophoretic method provided a rapid, reproducible, and relatively simple technique for further clinical characterization of ALP isozyme in the rat serum.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗

PubMed1989

Metabolic fate of strychnine in rats.

1. The urinary and faecal excretions of radioactivity, in rats dosed with 3H-strychnine at 0.5 mg/kg subcutaneously, were approx. 30% and 65% of the dose in 7 days, respectively. The radioactivity was mostly excreted within 24 h. 2. Approx. 6% and 3% dose was excreted into urine and faeces, respectively, as unchanged strychnine. 3. Urinary metabolites were extracted from rat urine and purified by silica gel column, t.l.c. and h.p.l.c. Six urinary metabolites, namely, strychnine N-oxide, 21 alpha,22 alpha-dihydroxy-22-hydrostrychnine, 21 alpha,22 beta-dihydroxy-22-hydrostrychnine, 2-hydroxy-strychnine, strychnine 21,22-epoxide and 16-hydroxystrychnine, were identified by comparison with authentic samples by g.l.c.-mass spectrometry. The major metabolites of strychnine in vivo was strychnine 21,22-epoxide.

Animals↗

PubMed1988

Alteration of cholesterol biosynthetic pathways in the skin of mice administered polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.

When polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons were applied solely or together with a tumor promoter (12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate) to the skin of mice, a marked decrease in the level of lathosterol was observed, reflecting a significant change in the metabolism of sterols. Yet the total amount of cholesterol was not changed. When diazacholesterol (a metabolic inhibitor) was administered to mice, both desmosterol and 5 alpha-cholesta-7,24-dien-3 beta-ol accumulated in the skin, whereas the level of lathosterol decreased. These results seem to suggest that a significant portion of lathosterol is formed via 5 alpha-cholesta-7,24-dien-3 beta-ol in addition to the pathway through methostenol. When polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon was applied to the skin of the mouse treated with diazacholesterol, a significant increase of desmosterol and a marked drop of the level of 5 alpha-cholesta-7,24-dien-3 beta-ol were observed. These results strongly suggest that polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons perturb the metabolism of sterol in the skin of mice while keeping the total amount of cholesterol unchanged. A similar metabolism also seems to be operating in tumor tissue itself.

Animals↗

PubMed1988

Effects of fluocinolone acetonide on mouse skin sterol metabolism and two-stage carcinogenesis.

Fluocinolone acetonide (FA) is one of the most potent synthetic glucocorticoids and is known to possess an anti-tumor promoting activity. An attempt was made to evaluate this activity by estimating tumor promoting activity. Unexpectedly, when 10 micrograms of FA was applied alone or after a single application of a subcarcinogenic dose of 3-methylcholanthrene to mouse skin, results suggested that FA itself may be a tumor promoter or a complete carcinogen. Other glucocorticoids tested, e.g. dexamethasone, hydrocortisone and prednisolone, also revealed similar effects but were less potent than FA. To verify the possibility that glucocorticoid is a complete carcinogen or a tumor promoter, a tumor incidence experiment was performed for 24 weeks. As a result it was found that FA possesses a tumor promoting activity at some dose levels but no tumor initiating activity.

Animals↗

PubMed1987

False aneurysm formation after ventricular rupture associated with reinfarction following successful thrombolysis.

A 69-year-old woman underwent successful thrombolysis for total occlusion in the right coronary artery using urokinase. One week later, the patient developed reinfarction in the area supplied by the right coronary artery, followed by ventricular rupture. She was resuscitated with drainage of the pericardial effusion. Cardiac catheterization confirmed that the site of the right coronary artery reocclusion was identical to that in the acute phase. A false aneurysm developed over the true aneurysm located in the inferior portion of the left ventricle as demonstrated by a ventriculogram at the convalescent stage and at surgery. The orifice of the false aneurysm has closed by suture.

Aged↗