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Biomedical subjects

Y Totsuka

Publications and source records attributed to Y Totsuka.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Clinical effect of the anti-platelet drug, dilazep dihydrochloride, in patients at the microalbuminuric stage of diabetic nephropathy--a multi-center study.

Clinical effects of an anti-platelet drug (dilazep dihydrochloride) in the microalbuminuric stage of diabetic nephropathy were investigated in a multi-center study. Thirty-seven patients with at the microalbuminuric stage of diabetic nephropathy were examined in the present study. They were administered 300 mg/day of dilazep dihydrochloride (Comelian-Kowa) orally for 6 months. Mean values of albuminuria after the administration of dilazep dihydrochloride were significantly decreased compared with the pre-administration values. Urinary NAG activity was improved after this treatment in the microalbuminuric stage of diabetic nephropathy. Furthermore, impairment of renal function was not observed at that stage. It appears that administration of dilazep dihydrochloride from the early stage of diabetic nephropathy may be useful for the improvement of albuminuria and prevention of renal dysfunction.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

The effect of natural carotenoid (palm fruit carotene) intake on skin lipid peroxidation in hairless mice.

To study the effect of palm fruit carotene intake on skin lipid peroxidation, hairless mice were given ad libitum palm fruit carotene, beta-carotene, or vehicle emulsions for 15 weeks in which the carotene (0.005%, w/w) was suspended in drinking water, and then their dorsal skin was exposed to ultraviolet ray (UV). The carotene content of the skin was increased by the oral intake of palm fruit carotene or beta-carotene. In carotene-drinking mice, before the UV irradiation, the amount of thiobarbituric acid-reacting substances (TBARS) in the skin was lower than that of control (carotene untreated) mice. The skin TBARS immediately after the UV irradiation was lower in carotene-treated mice than in control mice. At 24 h after irradiation, the skin TBARS of mice that orally received palm fruit carotene was lower than that of beta-carotene mice. Immediately after the UV irradiation, the skin carotene content transiently decreased but gradual recovery was observed at 48 h. In palm fruit carotene-treated mice, the rate of carotene recovery after UV irradiation was higher than in beta-carotene-treated mice. Retinol found in the skin had also decreased after UV irradiation, and recovered gradually in both carotene-drinking groups within 48 h. These results suggested that the carotene intake, especially palm fruit carotene, prevented skin lipid peroxidation in hairless mice.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

The antioxidant effect of palm fruit carotene on skin lipid peroxidation in guinea pigs as estimated by chemiluminescence-HPLC method.

To study the antioxidant effect of palm fruit carotene on skin lipid peroxidation, the guinea pigs were orally fed ad libitum palm fruit carotene, beta-carotene, or vehicle emulsions, in which carotene (0.05%, w/w) was suspended in drinking water. After treatment of carotene for 12 weeks, animals were exposed to ultraviolet ray (UV), and squalene monohydroperoxide (SqOOH)/squalene (Sq) ratios in the skin lipid were analyzed using the chemiluminescence-HPLC method. Carotene accumulation was found in the skin of guinea pigs that were orally administered palm fruit carotene or beta-carotene. After UV irradiation, especially immediately after, the rise in the SqOOH/Sq ratio was effectively suppressed in both carotene-drinking groups in contrast with the control (carotene-untreated) group. An inverse correlation between the carotene content and the SqOOH/Sq ratio in the skin was also observed. The results suggested that palm fruit carotene intake prevents skin lipid peroxidation caused by UV irradiation.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

[Investigation of ultrasound guided systematic biopsy of the prostate].

From August 1991 to February 1993, a total of 114 men with mean age of 68 years underwent ultrasound guided systematic biopsy of the prostate. These patients were clinically suspected of having prostate cancer by elevated PA or digital rectal examination. Systematic biopsies were performed on two different sites of peripheral zone and transition zone of each lobe, and echographically detected hypoechoic area was also biopsied. There were 42 prostate cancers detected: 7 (30%) in 23 men between 50 and 59 years old, 17 (45%) in 38 men between 70 and 79 years old, 6 (55%) in 11 men more than 80 years old. Three (11%) were detected in 27 men with a PA level of less than 3.1 ng/ml, 39 (45%) were detected in 89 men with a PA level of no less than 3.1 ng/ml. Thirty-three (44%) were detected in 75 men with positive rectal examination. Non-palpable cancers were detected in 9 men. These results suggest that systematic biopsy may be useful and a sensitive means in detecting prostatic cancer.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

Activin A increases intracellular free calcium concentrations in rat pancreatic islets.

Activin A stimulated insulin secretion in rat pancreatic islets, an effect that was attenuated by reduction of extracellular Ca2+ and abolished by either nitrendipine or verapamil. Activin A increased intracellular the free Ca2+ concentration, [Ca2+]i in fura-2-loaded islets. Activin A-mediated elevation of [Ca2+]i was abolished by the reduction of extracellular Ca2+ or the addition of nifedipine. In addition, activin A did not increase [Ca2+]i in the presence of diazoxide, an opener of ATP-sensitive K+ channels. These results suggest that activin A increases insulin secretion by stimulating Ca2+ entry.

Activins↗
PubMed1993

Existence of activin-A in A- and D-cells of rat pancreatic islet.

Activin-A, a member of the transforming growth factor-beta supergene family, stimulates insulin secretion in rat pancreatic islets and causes glycogenolysis in isolated rat hepatocytes. These observations prompted us to determine whether activin-A existed in rat pancreas by using an immunocytochemical method. Cells in pancreatic islets were stained by antibody against activin-A, whereas no immunoreactivity was observed in exocrine pancreas. Cells localized in the mantle of the islets were densely stained by the antibody. Immunoelectron microscopic study showed that activin-A existed in secretory granules in both A- and D-cells. Furthermore, studies using a double labeling method revealed that activin-A coexisted with glucagon in secretory granules in A-cells and with somatostatin in D-cells. Antibody against inhibin-A weakly stained cells in both the core and mantle of the islets only when the rat was pretreated with colchicine. Subtypes of activin subunit in islets were identified to be beta A by a reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction method. In addition, mRNA for inhibin alpha-subunit was expressed in islets. However, mRNA for these inhibin subunits was not detected in exocrine pancreas. To further examine the action of activin-A on insulin secretion, we examined the effect of activin-A in a flow-through perifusion system. Activin-A induced a biphasic insulin secretory response in the presence of 2.8 mM glucose, and a low concentration of activin-A, which does not stimulate insulin secretion by itself, markedly enhanced glucose-mediated insulin secretion at concentrations above 2.8 mM glucose. Inhibin-A did not affect insulin secretion. These results suggest the existence of activin-A in A- and D-cells of rat pancreatic islets and raise the possibility that activin-A acts as a physiological regulator of carbohydrate metabolism.

Activins↗
PubMed1992

[Clinical effect of Cernilton in chronic prostatitis].

Twenty-five patients with chronic prostatitis were given Cernilton tablets. Improvement of subjective symptoms and objective findings was noted in 96.0% and 76.0% of the cases. Sonographic findings in the prostate showed 33-100% improvement in four objective items. No side effects were observed in any case after Cernilton medication. Cernilton was judged to be an effective drug for chronic prostatitis.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1991

Bilateral coronoid hyperplasia. Report of two cases and review of the literature.

Two cases of bilateral hyperplasia of the coronoid processes of the mandible are presented. The patients were men and first noticed their symptoms at 14 and 10 years of age, respectively. They were treated successfully by intraoral bilateral coronoidectomies. A review of the literature revealed only forty-nine cases of the condition reported; 43 cases in western countries and 6 in Japan. As described previously, the majority of the cases were men and their symptoms occurred under the age of 19 years.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Application of MEN 203 as a polymorphic DNA probe in screening multiple endocrine neoplasia 2a.

Multiple endocrine neoplasia 2a (MEN 2a) is known to be genetically linked to a locus on chromosome 10. The application of polymorphic DNA probes for the region has made it possible to identify carriers of the disease susceptible gene. We performed DNA analysis for a newly found non-Caucasian MEN 2a family using MEN 203 as a probe. Data from DNA analysis of the family members were concordant with the results of conventional endocrinological tests. Furthermore, DNA analysis discriminated four individuals out of fifteen as non-carriers of the gene with a high degree of certainty. The results relieved these people from taking screening tests for years. DNA analysis employing suitable markers such as MEN 203 appears to be useful for a screening program of MEN 2a in Japanese as well as Caucasians.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

[Clinical study of operative therapy for renal cell carcinoma. 2. Intravenous tumor thrombectomy].

Twenty-eight patients with a tumor thrombus 914 in the inferior vena cava and 14 in the renal vein), among a series of 170 renal cell carcinoma patients receiving hospital treatment at the Gunma University during the period from 1961 to 1989, were explored for clinical features, with the results leading to the following conclusions: 1) There were 19 male and 9 female with respective mean ages of 62.1 and 54.4 years. 2) The disease was right-sided in 16 patients and left-sided in the other 12, but there were no striking left-to-right difference in tumor location. 3) The most frequent chief complaint was symptoms arising from the urinary tract. Among symptoms and sings occlusion of the inferior vena cava or renal vein, proteinuria was most frequent, being present in 56% of patients with clinical evidence of occlusion, followed by tortuosity of veins of the abdominal wall and edema in the lower extremities noted in 3 patients. 4) Selective renal arteriography demonstrated tumor hypervascularity in all 22 patients (except for one with a hypovascular tumor mass) and A-V shunt at a high percentage. Profuse striated vascular pattern representing arterialization of an extensive tumor thrombus was also noted, particularly with intra-caval involvement. Venacavography demonstrated neoplastic thrombi in the inferior vena cava as filling defects, thus proving the diagnosis. CT also provided diagnostic evidence of a tumor thrombus in all cases except for one in which it failed to detect a tumor thrombus in the renal vein preoperatively, with an accurate diagnosis rate of 100% for intra-caval tumor thrombi and 83% for tumor thrombi in the renal vein.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗