Biomedical subjects

Ying Chang

Publications and source records attributed to Ying Chang.

26 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

PubMed2005

[Regulatory effects of micronutrient complex on the expression of Th1 and Th2 cytokines in diabetic C57BL mice].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the regulatory effects of micronutrients complex (MC) on the expression of Th1 and Th2 cytokines in diabetic mice for exploring the molecular mechanisms of MC in treating for diabetes. METHODS: IDDM mice model was made by the injection of multiple low dose of streptozotocin (MLDS). The composition of Selenium (Se), Vitamin E (VE), Vanadium (V) and Chrome (Cr) was supplemented. The percentage of Th1 cytokines(TNF-alpha, IFN-gamma) and Th2 cytokines (IL-4, IL-10) positive lymphocytes were detected by flow cytometer (FCM). RESULTS: The expression of TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma of peripheral blood lymphocytes of MLDS group significantly increased (P < 0.01), while the IL-10 expression of blood and spleen lymphocytes of MLDS group obviously decreased (P < 0.01). Combined supplementation of MC markedly decreased blood lymphocytes TNF-alpha expression (P < 0.01) and increased blood lymphocytes IL-10 expression (P < 0.01) and spleen lymphocytes IL-4 expression (P < 0.05) of IDDM mice respectively. CONCLUSION: MC may prevent from the onset and development of IDDM by down-regulating Th1 cytokines genes expression and up-regulating Th2 cytokines genes expression of IDDM mice.

Animals↗

PubMed2005

[Nursing experience: discharge planning for a disabled elderly patient].

This case study describes the comprehensive and continuous care provided to an elderly patient whose self-care ability had been lost in a traffic accident. During the nursing period, from March 4th 2004 to May 18th 2004, we utilized the literature on the health problems of the elderly, concepts of discharge planning, and a comprehensive nursing assessment to confirm that the main nursing issues were clearance of a blocked airway, and impaired mobility. We also helped caregivers to cope with the problems of role strain. During the nursing process, we placed particular emphasis on management and preparation for care after discharge, the training of a maid, and psychological support for the family. The experience enabled surgical ward nurses who were already used to fast discharges of patients to gain a better understanding of discharge planning in complex cases involving the disabled elderly.

Aged↗

PubMed2005

[Study on the association between gestational diabetes mellitus and tumor necrosis factor-alpha gene polymorphism].

OBJECTIVE: To study allelic frequency of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) of Han ethnicity in north China and to determine whether there is a specific allele of TNF-alpha associated with GDM susceptibility. METHODS: By using PCR-RFLP, we detected the distribution of TNF-alpha promoter alleles frequency in GDM women and control normal pregnant women. Plasma TNF-alpha levels and insulin levels were measured by radioimmunoassay. RESULTS: (1) There was a significant increase of A alleles frequency of TNF-alpha promoter -308 gene in GDM women compared with control group (61.4% vs 30.0%, P < 0.05) and an increase of the AA + GA genotype was observed in GDM group (71.4% vs 37.1%, P < 0.05). (2) In GDM group, the patients carrying the AA + GA genotype had higher plasma TNF-alpha levels (52 +/- 13 vs 14 +/- 4, P < 0.05) and a lower insulin sensitivity (13.6 +/- 6.5 vs 1.9 +/- 0.2, P < 0.05) compared with those carrying the other genotype (GG). CONCLUSIONS: The 308 G-->A polymorphism of TNF-alpha promoter gene is involved in the pathophysiology of insulin resistance and gestational diabetes mellitus.

Adult↗

PubMed2004

Gene expression profiling in Barrett's esophagus and cardia intestinal metaplasia: a comparative analysis using cDNA microarray.

AIM: To study the difference of gene expression profile changes in Barrett's esophagus (BE) and cardia intestinal metaplasia (CIM) and to screen the novel genes in the early stage by cDNA microarray. METHODS: cDNA retrotranscribed from an equal amount of mRNA from BE and CIM epithelial tissues was labeled with Cy3 and Cy5 fluorescence as probes. The mixed probe was hybridized with three pieces of BiostarH-40 s double dot human whole gene chip. The chips were scanned with a ScanArray 4000. The acquired images were analyzed using GenePix Pro 3.0 software. RESULTS: A total of 141 genes were screened out that exhibited different expression in all three chips. There were 74 upregulated and 67 downregulated genes in gene expression profiles of BE which were two times of that in CIM. CONCLUSION: There is a difference in gene expression level between BE and CIM epithelia. These 141 genes probably relate to the occurrence and development of BE and the progression to adenocarcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed2004

Metformin (Glucophage) inhibits tyrosine phosphatase activity to stimulate the insulin receptor tyrosine kinase.

Metformin is a commonly used anti-diabetic but whether its mechanism involves action on the insulin receptor or on downstream events is still controversial. With a time course that was slow compared with insulin action, metformin increased tyrosine phosphorylation of the regulatory domain of the insulin receptor (specifically, tyrosine residues 1150 and 1151). In a direct action, therapeutic levels of metformin stimulated the tyrosine kinase activity of the soluble intracellular portion of the beta subunit of the human insulin receptor toward a substrate derived from the insulin receptor regulatory domain. However, metformin did not alter the order of substrate phosphorylation by the insulin receptor kinase. Using a Xenopus oocyte preparation, we simultaneously recorded tyrosine kinase and phosphatase activities that regulate the insulin receptor by measuring the tyrosine phosphorylation and dephosphorylation of peptides derived from the regulatory domain of the human insulin receptor. In an indirect stimulation of the insulin receptor, metformin inhibited endogenous tyrosine phosphatases and purified human protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B that dephosphorylate and inhibit the insulin receptor kinase. Thus, there was evidence that metformin acted directly upon the insulin receptor and indirectly through inhibition of tyrosine phosphatases.

Animals↗

PubMed2004

Comparative study on seeding methods of human bone marrow stromal cells in bone tissue engineering.

BACKGROUND: In general the traditional static seeding method has its limitation while the dynamic seeding method reveals its advantages over traditional static method. We compared static and dynamic seeding method for human bone marrow stromal cells (hBMSCs) in bone tissue engineering. METHODS: DNA assay was used for detecting the maximal initial seeding concentration for static seeding. Dynamic and static seeding methods were compared, when scaffolds were loaded with hBMSCs at this maximal initial cell seeding concentration. Histology and scanning electron microscope (SEM) were examined to evaluate the distribution of cells inside the constructs. Markers encoding osteogenic genes were measured by fluorescent RT-PCR. The protocol for dynamic seeding of hBMSCs was also investigated. RESULTS: DNA assay showed that the static maximal initial seeding concentration was lower than that in dynamic seeding. Histology and SEM showed even distribution and spread of cells in the dynamically seeded constructs, while their statically seeded counterparts showed cell aggregation. Fluorescent RT-PCR again showed stronger osteogenic potential of dynamically seeded constructs. CONCLUSION: dynamic seeding of hBMSCs is a promising technique in bone tissue engineering.

Bone Marrow Cells↗

PubMed2004

Assessment of China's economic loss resulting from the degradation of agricultural land in the end of 20th century.

Land degradation is a consequence stemming from both natural processes and social economic activities. On the bases of analyzing general situation of agricultural land degradation in China, the monetary estimating methods such as market value method and shadow engineering method were used to quantitatively assess the economic loss resulting from land deterioration. Results showed that the economic loss in 1999 was 326.81 billion RMB Yuan, which accounted for 4.1% of GDP in the same year of China. If taking five items namely farmland conversion, soil erosion, salinization, decline in reservoir functions, and siltation in waterways and, comparing with that in 1992, the percentage of economic loss to GDP has increased by 1.5 in the only 7 years.

Agriculture↗

PubMed2003

Effectiveness of a pilot project of discharge planning in Taiwan.

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a nurse-designed discharge-planning project in a teaching hospital in Taiwan. A before-and-after quasi-experimental design was used. Craniotomy (n = 112) and stroke (n = 171) patients were recruited and divided into control and intervention groups. Outcome indicators included length of hospital stay, change in activities of daily living (ADL), rate of nursing home placement, rate of unplanned readmission, and level of satisfaction. In the stroke sample length of hospital stay was shorter in the intervention group than in the control group. In the craniotomy sample unplanned readmission was less frequent in the intervention group than in the control group. No differences were found between the control and intervention groups in other outcome indicators.

Activities of Daily Living↗