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Z Roth

Publications and source records attributed to Z Roth.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Sexual interaction in adult laboratory rats: importance of female's stimuli and of male's experience.

Precopulatory behaviour of adult male rats towards the passively receptive and towards the ovariectomized females was observed in dyadic interaction, first, at the time when the males were sexually inexperienced and later on after they had gained small and uniform copulatory experience (with a darting female). It was found that precopulatory activity of the sexually inexperienced males towards the ovariectomized female was "higher and richer" than that of males exposed to the passively receptive female. When the males were sexually experienced the frequency of precopulatory behavior increased and the patterns changed only in the animals exposed to the passively receptive female. Precopulatory activity of males weakened during the interaction under all experimental conditions. It is remarkable, however, that the weakening of precopulatory activity of sexually inexperienced males exposed to the ovariectomized female was reinforced again after the female temporarily exhibited behaviour typical of the male. We concluded that both the quality of the female's precopulatory behaviour and the quantity of previous male's experience are the decisive factors in successful interaction.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Bioenergetic studies of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation using 31phosphorus NMR.

The relationship between phosphorylation ratio [( ATP])/[ADP][Pi], phosphocreatine (PCr)/Pi, and ATPase activity was determined for isolated rat heart mitochondria, and the use of phosphorylation ratio and/or PCr/Pi as bioenergetic indices (Chance, B., Eleff, S., Leigh, J. S., Sokolow, D., and Sapega, A. (1981) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 78, 6714-6718) was evaluated. Isolated rat heart mitochondria were suspended at low concentration (0.5-2.0 mg of protein/ ml) in oxygenated KCl/sucrose/4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazineethanesulfonic acid medium at 25 degrees C and pyruvate, malate, PCr, ATP, Pi, and Mg2+ were added. Changes in extramitochondrial phosphorus compounds were followed by 31P NMR. The ATPase activity was varied by the addition of potato apyrase. It was found that the logarithm of steady state PCr/Pi decreased linearly with increasing ATPase rate with a PCr/Pi intercept of 32.8 at 0 ATPase rate. The log phosphorylation ratio was also linearly related to the ATPase rate with an extrapolated maximum value of 6.87 at 0 ATPase rate, corresponding to a phosphorylation ratio of 7.41 X 10(6) M(-1) and a delta GATP of -16.3 kcal. The phosphorylation ratio in these experiments (for state 4 respiration) was greater by 1 or 2 orders of magnitude than previously reported for either isolated mitochondria or for whole tissue.

Adenosine Diphosphate↗
PubMed1985

QSAR analysis and data extrapolation among mammals in a series of aliphatic alcohols.

Concepts of QSAR analysis and biological similarity models are combined for use in extrapolation of LD50 values after IP application of a series of aliphatic alcohols (C1-C5) to mouse, hamster, rat, and guinea pig and rabbit. It has been found that although close correlation exists between LD50 values after IP and IV applications for mouse and rat, the QSARs obtained with LD50 after IV application are not suitable for a prediction of LD50 values after IP application for rabbit. Different transformation or distribution processes in mouse, rat, and rabbit after the two types of applications might be the reason. The LD50 values (expressed in mmole/m2 of body surface) seem to be independent of mammalian species used (at least within the mouse, rat, hamster, and probably guinea pig series). This fact makes it possible to predict reasonable values of LD50 after IP application for rabbit. Expression of toxicity in mmole/m2 of body surface may be useful in toxicological studies. The model of quantitative structure-activity-species relationships (QSASR) for the system of alcohols and animals chosen is proposed: log BAij = kj + lj log Xi log BAij = aj + bi log Zj where i denotes an alcohol, j an animal, BA being LD50 (mmole/m2) after IP application, X molecular connectivity 1 chi and Z body surface: body weight ratio. The model is based on the assumption that bi is independent of chemical structure (being zero or close to zero), ai is a function of molecular connectivity 1 chi, kj and lj being independent of animal species. These assumptions resulted from the statistical analysis of QSARs and allometric equations obtained under various conditions.

Alcohols↗
PubMed1978

Comparison of titration results of diphtheric antitoxic antibodies obtained by means of Jensen's method and the methods of tissue cultures and haemagglutination.

In 33 human sera the determination of diphtheric antitoxic antibodies was performed in a double blind test using Jensen's method, the method of tissue cultures and the haemagglutination method. In the method of tissue cultures the antibody levels in the sera were determinated in the first and second experiment with the precision of +/- half dilution of the geometrical progression. In Jensen's method, the difference between the first and second measurements slightly exceeded +/- 1 dilution. In the haemagglutination method the error considerably exceeded the binary step dilution. In most cases, the determination fluctuated up to seven times the actual value. Differences among the mean values of examination results obtained by Jensen's method and the method of the tissue cultures are statistically insignificant. The differences between the haemagglutination method and both the other methods are statistically significant.

Analysis of Variance↗