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PubMed · 10446669

Understanding why medication administration errors may not be reported.

D S Wakefield·B J Wakefield·T Uden-Holman·T Borders·M Blegen·T Vaughn
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Abstract

Because the identification and reporting of medication administration errors (MAE) is a nonautomated and voluntary process, it is important to understand potential barriers to MAE reporting. This paper describes and analyzes a survey instrument designed to assist in evaluating the relative importance of 15 different potential MAE-reporting barriers. Based on the responses of over 1300 nurses and a confirmatory LISREL analysis, the 15 potential barriers are combined into 4 subscales: Disagreement Over Error, Reporting Effort, Fear, and Administrative Response. The psychometric properties of this instrument and descriptive profiles are presented. Specific suggestions for enhancing MAE reporting are discussed.

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Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting SystemsFactor Analysis, StatisticalHealth Care SurveysHumansIowaMedication ErrorsNursing Staff, HospitalQuality Assurance, Health CareRisk ManagementTruth DisclosureJournal ArticleMulticenter Study

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D S Wakefield, B J Wakefield, T Uden-Holman, T Borders, M Blegen, T Vaughn. Understanding why medication administration errors may not be reported.. https://doi.org/10.1177/106286069901400203

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PubMed2000

How many deaths occur annually from adverse drug reactions in the United States?

PURPOSE: The numbers of deaths attributed to adverse drug reactions by death certificates and by the Food and Drug Administration's (FDA) spontaneous postmarketing surveillance system (MedWatch) were compared in order to characterize national mortality statistics. METHODS: Mortality statistics related to adverse drug reactions were obtained from national public-use databases of death certificates based on appropriate International Classification of Disease (ICD-9) codes and from MedWatch during 1995. The number of deaths, frequency distributions of sex and age groups, and rankings of drug categories associated with adverse reactions were compared. RESULTS: During 1995, 206 deaths were attributed to adverse drug reactions on death certificates in the United States, whereas MedWatch tabulated 6,894 fatalities. The proportions of men and women were similar, and the majority of deaths involved persons 60 years of age and older, in both data sets. The rankings of drug categories associated with adverse drug reactions differed in the two data sets. CONCLUSION: The numbers of deaths reported in these data sets varied 34-fold and were up to several 100-fold less than values based on extrapolations of surveillance programs. These differences indicate that better and more comprehensive data are needed to develop appropriate health care policies to improve drug safety.

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