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PubMed · 10627825

Cataract Image Analysis System.

E Cotlier
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Abstract

A system for sequential colour video capture and analysis of lens opacities is described. A sensitive RGB (Red-Green-Blue) camera is coupled to a 486 DX2/66 IBM-compatible computer to obtain high-resolution images of cataracts. Vacuoles, retro-dots, suture opacities, wedge opacities, cortical and posterior subcapsular opacities and nuclear sclerosis can be digitised and subjected to various analysis systems and colour prints obtained. The size and number of vacuoles and opacities can be determined by selecting areas of interest, and line tracings of whole lens, isolated opacities or nuclear sclerosis can be separated by analysis into 16.8 million plus colour gradients. The Cataract Image Analysis System represents a precise and new digitised procedure for cataract documentation and may be of value in determining cataract progression and evaluation of medical therapy.

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CataractColorDisease ProgressionHumansImage Processing, Computer-AssistedMicroscopy, VideoSoftwareVacuolesJournal Article

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BibTeXRIS

E Cotlier. 1999. Cataract Image Analysis System.. https://doi.org/10.1038/eye.1999.122

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KLF5 promotes proliferation, migration, and autophagy-/EMT‑associated molecular changes in lens epithelial cells via transcriptional activation of THBS1 in traumatic cataract.

PURPOSE: Traumatic cataract is a common blinding eye disease after ocular trauma, and its pathogenesis is closely related to lens epithelial cell dysfunction, while the definite molecular regulatory mechanism between upstream transcription factor and downstream target gene remains poorly clarified. This study aimed to clarify the role and molecular mechanism of the krüppel-like factor 5 (KLF5)/ thrombosponin 1 (THBS1) axis in regulating proliferation, migration, epithelial-mesenchymal transition and autophagy of lens epithelial cells in traumatic cataract, and to explore its potential clinical therapeutic value. METHODS: The GSE295383 dataset in the gene expression omnibus (GEO) database was downloaded, and the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened by linear models for microarray data (limma) package of R language. Combined with Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), the gene co-expression network was constructed and the key modules were screened. Gene ontology (GO), kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) combined with human transcription factor target (hTFtarget) and JASPAR databases were used to predict the upstream transcription factors of THBS1. Subsequently, SRA01/04 cells were induced with transforming growth factor-beta 2 (TGF-β2) to construct a cataract cell model. RESULTS: THBS1 and KLF5 were highly expressed in LECs exposed to TGF-β2. KLF5 could activate THBS1 transcription by binding to THBS1 promoter - 174 to -165 sites. Knockdown of THBS1 inhibited TGF-β2-induced viability, proliferation, migration, and altered the expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)- and autophagy-related markers in LECs. Knockdown of KLF5 downregulated THBS1 expression and produced a similar inhibitory effect, while overexpression of THBS1 reversed the effect of KLF5 knockdown. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrated that KLF5 promoted the proliferation, migration, and EMT‑associated molecular changes of LECs in traumatic cataract through transcriptional activation of THBS1, and regulated the expression of autophagy‑related markers in LECs, suggesting that KLF5/THBS1 axis might be a potential target for the treatment of traumatic cataract.

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PubMed2000

Discrete time representation of the formula for calculating DALYs.

The global burden of disease (GBD) was measured using a new indicator called disability-adjusted life years (DALYs). The formula to calculate DALYs is based on the idea of time being a continuous variable, which is not consistent with the way economic and health data are collected and reported, and is also different from the concept of time used in the vast majority of policy analyses. Use of this formula gives rise to a time-aggregation bias in the estimates of GBD. Based on discrete time representation and the key principles outlined in the GBD study, a new formula for estimating DALYs is derived in this paper. The properties of the two formulae are compared and contrasted and the implications of using the new formula are discussed. The results show that there is an appreciable difference in percentage terms (14.06%) between the burden of cataract in Sub-Saharan Africa in 1990 calculated using the new and the old formulae. The global burden of diseases and injuries as previously reported in the GDB study may, therefore, be underestimated and the relative positions of some diseases and injuries, and hence the relative priorities of related interventions, may shift if the more appropriate, discrete-time formula is used. The difference is greatest for diseases of short duration (e.g. infectious diseases).

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PubMed2000

Transscleral suture fixation of posterior chamber intraocular lenses in children under 3 years.

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