PubMed · 10798385
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L F Abbott. 2000. Integrating with action potentials.. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0896-6273(00)81130-7
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Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a neurosurgical technique that has been widely applied for the treatment of tremor or motor symptoms associated with advanced Parkinson's disease. Large stimulus artifacts, however, have hampered investigations of physiological mechanisms underlying DBS effects using extracellular recording techniques. We have developed an off-line procedure for removing stimulus artifacts from recorded neuronal signals (monopolar) and applied this method of artifact subtraction to DBS studies using extracellular recording techniques in a nonhuman primate. The procedure consists of developing a template of the artifact by averaging the artifact signals triggered by its onset. The template is then subtracted from the individual triggered signals. The experimental results indicate that this method is highly effective in removing the majority of the stimulus artifact, while leaving recorded neuronal activity intact. In fact, removal of stimulation artifact using this technique has revealed a short-latency neuronal response to stimulation that was previously obscured by the stimulus artifact. Thus, this technique may not only improve the quality of electrophysiological studies employing DBS techniques, but may also help to elucidate neuronal mechanisms underlying the effect of DBS.
Whole-cell and single-channel recordings from rat dorsal root ganglion neurones were used to investigate the temperature dependence of currents through the capsaicin receptor (vanilloid receptor 1, VR1). Reducing the temperature from 31 to 14 degrees C inhibited the current induced by 0.5 microM capsaicin by 80%. The Q(10) (temperature coefficient over a 10 degrees C range) of the whole-cell capsaicin-induced current was 2.3 between 10 and 30 degrees C. Single-channel recordings showed that this inhibition by cooling was due to a marked reduction in the open probability (Q(10)=8.2 between 10 and 30 degrees C). This effect can explain the pain relief and reduction in inflammation caused by strong cooling of the skin.
The study sought to further our understanding of the correlation between electrophysiological activity and the intrinsic optical signal (IOS) in neocortical slice by combining imaging of IOS with whole-cell and extracellular electrical recording. Columnar-shaped areas of IOS were evoked with electrical stimulation of the layer VI/white matter border. The distribution of IOS intensities linearly correlated with the distribution of evoked excitatory post-synaptic potential amplitudes (R=0.89). The distribution of field potentials was narrower than the distribution of IOS intensities with significantly smaller amplitude of the normalized field potentials in the edge of the column. The data suggest that in the neocortical slice the IOS at the edge of the evoked column reflects primarily the sub-threshold excitatory synaptic activity.