PubMed · 10833969
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P Gulbrandsen. 2000-03-30. [What is wrong with selective abortion?].. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10833969/
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This study examined the effects of birth characteristics, which reported on birth certificates, on sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) based on vital statistics between 1995 and 1998 in Japan. One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine cases of SIDS and 4,787,537 live births were analyzed. The mortality rate from SIDS was 0.388 SIDS deaths per 1000 live births. Based on multivariate analysis using Poisson regression model, risk factors associated with significantly increased SIDS rates included low birth weight, being a male infant, young maternal age, late birth in multiparity, maternal stillbirth experience, residential region of Kyusyu, Tokai or Hokuriku, and employment status as "unemployed or unknown". However, there was no significant difference between single and multiple birth groups after adjusting other characteristics. A decreasing postnatal age of death was observed as birth weight increased. However, there was no difference in postconceptional age of death between birth weight groups. Preterm infants died of SIDS at a later postnatal age than term infants, but there appeared to be little difference in postconceptional age of death amongst preterm infants. This association between birth characteristics and SIDS were consistent with other studies from western countries, suggesting that recommendations for SIDS in western countries are also applicable for Japan.
OBJECTIVES: To analyze risk factors for pregnancy outcome among HIV-infected women before and after introduction of AZT prophylaxis in 1994. STUDY DESIGN: A prospective, two-center observational study conducted from 1 January 1985 to 31 December 1997. PATIENTS: Pregnant HIV-infected women followed in one of the obstetrics units during the study period. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: pregnancy outcome (normal delivery, ectopic pregnancy, spontaneous abortion, voluntary termination of pregnancy (TOP) according to year of pregnancy, age at pregnancy professional status, marital status, ethnic origin, mode of contamination, stage of disease, partner's human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) status and prior pregnancy. RESULTS: One thousand one hundred and three pregnancies among 937 HIV-infected women were studied. Mean age of patients was 28.1 +/- 4.9 years. Pregnancy outcomes were distributed as follows: 473 normal deliveries, 589 TOP, 9 ectopic pregnancies and 32 spontaneous abortions. The proportion of TOP decreased from 59.4% before 1994 to 37.5% from 1994 (P < 0.001). In univariate analysis, mode of transmission, marital status, ethnic origin, partner's HIV status and prior pregnancy were also significantly correlated with pregnancy outcome. However, after adjustment by logistic regression for each period (before and after 1994), mode of transmission no longer appeared to influence pregnancy outcome. CONCLUSION: Effective prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV infection appears to have influenced HIV-infected women's decisions on continuing their pregnancy to term. Incidence of voluntary TOP has decreased significantly after introduction of AZT.