PubMed · 11032213
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J Leggit. 2000. Hydrocele puncture during vasectomy.. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11032213/
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OBJECTIVES: To report the case of a 64-year-old male patient who was diagnosed of complete genital transposition. METHODS: Physical examination, blood tests, and radiologic tests (ultrasound, intravenous urography) were performed. RESULTS: Physical examination findings were limited to the genital area. There was a complete genital transposition with normal testicles, epididymis, and spermatic cord. Both blood and radiologic tests were normal. Patient did not refer any symptoms of dysuria, and he had normal sexual intercourse, so that he refused the proposed surgical treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Genital transposition is a rare malformation, it is not life-threatening in most cases, but some cases have multiple coexistent malformations, some of them incompatible with life, partially justifying the scarcity of reports.
Trauma, tumor, disease and congenital abnormalities may lead to genital organ damage or function failure, and consequently the requirement of its reconstruction. Tissue engineering follows the principles of cell transplantation, materials science and engineering toward the development of biological substitutes that would restore and maintain normal function. These new techniques have been recently introduced into the field of andrology. Based on the latest advances, the present paper afferds a general prospect of the future direction of the development of tissue engineering in andrology.
To determine the possibility of providing alternative surgical techniques for male genital reconstruction and for male-to-female sex reassignment surgery, the authors undertook an anatomic investigation of the perineogenital region in male cadavers. Anatomic dissection was performed on 14 male adult human cadavers (fresh and formalin-preserved) studying the main afferent vessels to the anterior perineal region and their mean internal diameters: deep external pudendal artery (0.60 mm), superficial perineal artery (0.50 mm), and funicular artery (0.37 mm). We established their exact topography, together with vascular anatomic variations, main vascular anastomosis circuits (base of the penis, scrotal septum, and perineal fat and lateral spermatic-scrotal fascia), angiosomes, anatomy of the rectovesical septum cavity, and their "critical" key points of dissection. The authors discuss the clinical possibility of elevation of a "tree" of previously described paragenital-genital flaps including mainly those based on the terminal branches of the internal pudendal vascular system, the erectile tissue pedicled flaps, and finally, flaps of the external pudendal system. The authors indicate the concrete vascularization system for each flap.