PubMed · 11731959
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Peter Horby. 2002-01-01. Rendering beef safe.. https://doi.org/10.1086/323558
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KEEP EXPLORING
Explants of the tropical sponge Pseudosuberites andrewsi were fed with the marine diatom Phaeodactylum tricornotum. The food was supplied either as intact algae or as a filtered crude extract. Growth (measured as an increase in underwater weight) was found in both experiments. The explants fed with intact algae increased to an average underwater weight of 255% of the initial weight in 45-60 days. The explants fed with crude extract increased to an average of 200% of the initial weight in 30 days. These results show that it is possible to grow a sponge using a single microorganism species as a food source. In addition, it was demonstrated that sponges are also capable of growing on non-particulate food. Therefore, this study is an important step forward towards the development of controlled, in vivo sponge cultures.
Zilpaterol is an adrenergic drug currently licensed in Mexico and South Africa as a feed additive for cattle close to consignment. In this study an analytical method to detect zilpaterol in commercial feeds was set up. The influence of extraction solvent and matrix was evaluated. The drug as a trimethylsilyl derivative was characterized by GC-MS, on a quadrupole detector, in the electron impact mode. Acidic extraction, solid-phase extraction C(18) non-endcapped clean-up and mass characterization on ions m/z 308, 291, 405, 390 provided zilpaterol recoveries >75.3% and repeatability <3.3% in feeds spiked in the range 30.0-120.0 ng/g. The limits of detection and quantification were 7.5 and 25.0 ng/g, respectively. Such limits are well below the dose of 5.0-20.0 microgram/g proposed as effective.
In commercial insectaries, large-scale production of rice moth, Corcyra cephalonica Stainton in pearl millet grain medium leads to an extensive accumulation of spent C. cephalonica larval medium (CLM). Experiments were conducted to determine whether inclusion of CLM for corn in the standard broiler diet (SBD) could ensure normal growth and development of broilers. Chemical analysis revealed that CLM diets met the nutritional requirements as of SBD. CLM diet contained no aflatoxin as well. Biological experiments were conducted to study the suitability of CLM diet in different combinations with SBD at 100% + 0%, 75% + 25%, 50% + 50%, 25% + 75% and 0% + 100% w/w without any nutritional change, and after nutritional modification with corn starch. CLM replacement was based on the corn content of the basal diet. Birds preferred SBD 100% and SBD 75% + CLM 25% nutritionally unchanged diets, and showed higher growth rate and weight gain. These parameters were significantly lower in other diet combinations. Modified isoenergetic CLM based diets in all the combinations, however, contributed higher feed intake and resulted in more weight gain as of SBD. Furthermore, none of treatments in both experiments yielded bird mortalities. The experimental CLM diets except SBD 75% + CLM 25% in both experiments were cost effective and contributed lower diet cost/kg weight gain.