PubMed · 12374907
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Matthew B Bloom, Arnold D Salzberg, Thomas M Krummel. 2002. Advanced technology in surgery.. https://doi.org/10.1067/msg.2002.124897
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Differential spectral interferometry (DSI), a novel method of biomedical imaging that combines the high dynamic range of optical coherence tomography (OCT) with inherently parallel low-bandwidth image acquisition of spectral interferometry (SI), is described. DSI efficiently removes the deleterious dc background inherent in SI measurements while maintaining the parallel nature of SI. We demonstrate DSI on both synthetic and biological samples. Because DSI preserves the low-bandwidth, parallel nature of SI, it is competitive with OCT for biomedical applications in terms of image quality and acquisition rate.
Levels of dietary choline in utero influence postnatal cognitive performance. To better understand this phenomenon, forebrain cholinergic neurons were studied in the 8-9 month old offspring of dams fed a control or choline-deficient diet from EDs 11-17. Serial sections were immunostained with antibodies against p75, a cholinergic marker. Neuronal morphology was analyzed in the basal forebrain, a heterogeneous area composed of several structures including the medial septal nucleus (MSN), nucleus of the diagonal band (DB), and the nucleus basalis of Meynert (NB). Neuronal cross-sectional areas were selectively reduced in the MSN of choline-deficient animals, compared to controls, but cell counts were not altered. Our findings suggest that cholinergic medial septal neurons may be selectively vulnerable to in utero choline deficiency.
A new approach to curved-slice imaging is described in which spatial resolution is achieved using 2D-RF-pulse- and conventional-frequency encoding. This approach offers the opportunity to image curved anatomical structures directly using curved single-slice MRI. A set of 2D-RF pulses is employed to excite transverse magnetization in an arbitrarily shaped curved-slice profile in three-dimensional space. Spatial resolution along the curved-slice direction is achieved by encoding the different volume elements of the slice using a set of specially designed RF pulses and an appropriate encoding scheme. The remaining spatial direction is measured using conventional-frequency encoding. Phantom and in vivo experiments were carried out to illustrate the basic feasibility and the limitations of this approach.