PubMed Health⌕ Search
Home/Archive/PubMed

PubMed · 12418395

[Beta-interferons in multiple sclerosis: comparative trials and potential individual selection in different types of the disease course].

A N Boĭko·E I Gusev
View original source ↗Export metadata ↓

Abstract

Beta-interferons (beta-IFN) are effective treatment of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (MS). Recent comparative studies showed significantly higher efficacy of high doses of beta-IFN used every other day. In secondary progressive MS data of beta-IFN trials are not so promising. This may be due to mechanisms of action of this medicine: it can effectively block neurodegeneration associated with inflammation, while in secondary progressive MS other mechanisms of degeneration may be present. Own original studies showed, that the level of MMP9 in serum can be used as an informative biological marker of beta-IFN activity in MS, this treatment could be more effective in DR2(15)-positive individuals and the presence of severe brain atrophy at baseline MRI can be used as a predictor of less effective results of treatment with beta-IFN. Future studies must define the methods, which may be used for selecting the subgroup of MS patients with the best response to beta-IFN. Data of pharmacogenetic and pharmacoeconomic studies must be helpful.

Explore related subjects

Adjuvants, ImmunologicDose-Response Relationship, DrugDrug Therapy, CombinationGlatiramer AcetateHealth Care CostsHumansInterferon-betaInterleukin-10Matrix Metalloproteinase InhibitorsMultiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-RemittingPeptidesRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicComparative StudyEnglish AbstractJournal ArticleReview

Keep this discovery

Explore connections, maps & timelines

BibTeXRIS

A N Boĭko, E I Gusev. 2002. [Beta-interferons in multiple sclerosis: comparative trials and potential individual selection in different types of the disease course].. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12418395/

Cite the original work for its findings. Save a collection to share your selection of sources.

KEEP EXPLORING

Related citations

PubMed2004

Role of urothelial cells in BCG immunotherapy for superficial bladder cancer.

Intravesical instillation of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) is used for the treatment of superficial bladder cancer, both to reduce the recurrence rate of bladder tumour and to diminish the risk of progression. Since its first therapeutic application in 1976, major research efforts have been directed to decipher the exact mechanism of action of the BCG-associated antitumour effect. Bacillus Calmette-Guérin causes an extensive local inflammatory reaction in the bladder wall. Of this, the massive appearance of cytokines in the urine of BCG-treated patients stands out. Activated lymphocytes and macrophages are the most likely sources of these cytokines, but at present other cellular sources such as urothelial tumour cells cannot be ruled out. Bacillus Calmette-Guérin is internalised and processed both by professional antigen-presenting cells and urothelial tumour cells, resulting in an altered gene expression of these cells that accumulates in the presentation of BCG antigens and secretion of particular cytokines.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed2004

Angiotensin II and angiotensin-(1-7) inhibit the inner cortex Na+ -ATPase activity through AT2 receptor.

In the present paper, the modulation of the basolateral membrane (BLM) Na+ -ATPase activity of inner cortex from pig kidney by angiotensin II (Ang II) and angiotensin-(1-7) (Ang-(1-7)) was evaluated. Ang II and Ang-(1-7) inhibit the Na+ -ATPase activity in a dose-dependent manner (from 10(-11) to 10(-5) M), with maximal effect obtained at 10(-7) M for both peptides. Pharmacological evidences demonstrate that the inhibitory effects of Ang II and Ang-(1-7) are mediated by AT2 receptor: The effect of both polypeptides is completely reversed by 10(-8) M PD 123319, a selective AT2 receptor antagonist, but is not affected by either (10(-12) - 10(-5) M) losartan or (10(-10)-10(-7) M) A779, selective antagonists for AT1 and AT(1-7) receptors, respectively. The following results suggest that a PTX-insensitive, cholera toxin (CTX)-sensitive G protein/adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP)/PKA pathway is involved in this process: (1) the inhibitory effect of both peptides is completely reversed by 10(-9) M guanosine 5'-O-(2-thiodiphosphate) (GDPbetaS; an inhibitor of the G protein activity), and mimicked by 10(-10) M guanosine 5'-O-(3-thiotriphosphate) (GTPgammaS; an activator of the G protein activity); (2) the effects of both peptides are mimicked by CTX but are not affected by PTX; (3) Western blot analysis reveals the presence of the Gs protein in the isolated basolateral membrane fraction; (4) (10(-10)-10(-6) M) cAMP has a similar and non-additive effect to Ang II and Ang-(1-7); (5) PKA inhibitory peptide abolishes the effects of Ang II and Ang-(1-7); and (6) both angiotensins stimulate PKA activity.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed2004

CpG-oligodeoxynucleotides enhance porcine immunity to Toxoplasma gondii.

Protection against a challenge infection with Toxoplasma gondii VEG strain oocysts was examined in pigs after vaccination with T. gondii RH strain tachyzoites with or without a porcine specific synthetic oligodeoxynucleotides (ODN) containing immunostimulatory CpG motifs. Six groups of pigs were immunized with incomplete Freund's adjuvant (IFA) and either vehicle, tachyzoites alone or in combination with three different doses of CpG ODN or with CpG ODN alone. Protection from challenge was significantly (P < 0.05) improved in pigs vaccinated using CpG ODN as an adjuvant with tachyzoites compared to all other groups. The CpG ODN tachyzoite-immunized pigs also had higher serum parasite specific IgG antibody, no clinical signs of disease, and 52% had no demonstrable tissue cysts after the challenge infection. These data indicate that CpG ODN is a potential safe and effective adjuvant for the T. gondii RH strain vaccine in pigs.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗