PubMed · 13157014
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W E MEDD, M B MATTHEWS, W R THURSFIELD. 1954. Ebstein's disease.. https://doi.org/10.1136/thx.9.1.14
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Retrocaval ureter is a relatively rare anomaly that usually manifests in the third or fourth decades. Symptoms are due to ureteric obstruction, either extrinsic by the abnormal inferior vena cava (IVC), or intrinsic ureteric hypoplasia. Surgery is needed for symptomatic cases and involves transection and relocation of the ureter anterior to the IVC. We report our experience with two such children who needed surgery because of increasing hydronephrosis and who have done well since.
This article describes an approach to imaging of fetal head and neck anomalies. Topics include cleft lip and palate, facial clefts, amniotic band sequence, micrognathia and retrognathia, ocular and orbital abnormalities, craniosynostosis, posterior nuchal translucency, cephaloceles, vascular anomalies, and tumors. Some of the more common syndromes are also described.
OBJECTIVE: To assess neurodevelopmental outcome after endovascular treatment of vein of Galen malformations (VOGM). METHODS: Outcome of patients who underwent endovascular treatment for VOGM between 1983 and 2002 was assessed by chart review and parental questionnaires. Development was classified as normal, minor delay (slow initial acquisition of milestones but no permanent disability), or significant delay (slow or incomplete acquisition of milestones with some permanent disability) using an adaptation of the Denver Developmental Questionnaire. RESULTS: Twenty-seven patients were identified: five presented prenatally (by ultrasound), 16 as neonates, and 6 after the neonatal period. The most common presenting features were congestive heart failure (CHF; 16/27) and hydrocephalus (8/27). The 16 patients with CHF all presented either prenatally or neonatally; 4 died acutely, 6 had significant delay, and 6 had no or minor developmental delay. Of those presenting in the perinatal period without CHF, all survived, two of five were significantly delayed, and three of five had no delay. Of those presenting after the neonatal period, all survived and only one of six had delay. By angiographic classification, outcome was worse for those with choroidal VOGM (3/13 died; 5/13 had significant delay) than for those with mural VOGM (2/10 had significant delay; none died). For the entire series, 52% of all cases (61% of survivors) had no or minor delay. CONCLUSIONS: Fourteen of 27 children who received treatment for VOGM had a favorable outcome. Features associated with worse outcome were perinatal presentation, presence of CHF, and choroidal angioarchitecture.